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General Packet Radio System(GPRS)

KINGSHUK BANERJEESRIMOYEE MUKHOPADHYAY 1. KINGSHUK BANERJEE (35) 2.SRIMOYEE MUKHOPADHYAY (24) 3. AVISHEK PAL (02)

4.JAYITA MAITI (12)

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GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a packet based communication service for mobile devices that allows data to be sent and received across a mobile telephone network.

WHAT IS GPRS?

1. Mobile phone or terminal that supports GPRS.2. Subscription to a mobile operator that supports GPRS.3. Use of GPRS must be enabled for that user.4. GPRS is designed to make the internet fully available to the user.5.

TO USE GPRS USERS SPECIFICALLY NEED:

PROTOCOLS SUPPORTED

GPRS supports the following protocols:

INTERNET PROTOCOL(IP). In practice, built-in mobile browsers generally use IPv4.POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL(PPP). In this mode PPP is often not supported by the mobile phone operator,but if the mobile is used as a modem to the connected computer, PPP is used to tunnel IP to the phone. When TCP/IP is used, each phone can have one or more IP addrsses allocated. GPRS will store and forward the IP packets to the phone.

SPEED OF GPRS

The upload and download speeds that can be achieved in GPRS depend on a number of factors such as:The number of TDMA time slots assigned by the operator. The channel encoding used.Using the CS-4 it is possible to achieve a user speed of 20.0 kbit/s per time slot.CS-1 can achieve a user speed of only 8.0 kbit/s per time slot.

HOW TO CONNECT INTERNET?

Always on connectivity:- GPRS is an always-on service.

Speed:- GPRS is packet switched. Higher connection speeds are attainable at around 56–118 kbps, a vast improvement on circuit switched networks of 9.6 kbps .

Spectrum Efficiency:-Large number of GPRS users can share the same bandwidth and be served from a single cell.

KEY FEATURES OF GPRS

KEY FEATURES OF GPRS

New and Better applications:- Users are able to explore the Internet or their own

corporate networks more efficiently than they could when using GSM.

GSM operator Costs:-

GPRS allows GSM providers to add value to their business at relatively small costs.

Devices supporting GPRS are divided into three classes

Class ACan be connected to GPRS service and GSM service (voice, SMS), using both at the same time. Such devices are known to be available today.

Class BCan be connected to GPRS service and GSM service (voice, SMS), but using only one or the other at a given time. During GSM service (voice call or SMS), GPRS service is suspended, and then resumed automatically after the GSM service (voice call or SMS) has concluded. Most GPRS mobile devices are Class B.

Class CAre connected to either GPRS service or GSM service (voice, SMS). Must be switched manually between one or the other service.

HARDWARE

Difference Between GSM And GPRS

GSM GPRS

Circuit Switched Architecture Packet Switched Architecture

Point to point service Multipoint service

Inefficient use of resources Efficient use of resources

Lower bit rate(14.4KB/S) Higher bit rate(170KB/S)

Reserved bandwidth Shared bandwidth

Fixed access time Variable access time

Time based billing Traffic based billing

HOW GPRS WORK? When a user turns on a GPRS device,

typically it will automatically scan for a local GPRS channel.

If an appropriate channel is detected, the device will attempt to attach to the network.

The SGSN receives the attach request, fetches subscriber profile information from the subscriber’s HLR node, and authenticates the user.

Ciphering may be established at this point.

Sending and Receiving Packets

When the mobile user sends data, the SGSN routes the packets to the appropriate GGSN.

The GGSN then routes the data according to the current "context" established for the session.

Conversely, packets destined for the user are routed to the GGSN associated with the user's IP address.

The GGSN checks the received packets against the current context, identifies the SGSN that is serving the user, and routes the traffic accordingly.

The SGSN then forwards the packets to the BSS where the subscriber is located.

MSC(MOBILE SWITCHING CENTRE)-SWITCHING CENTRE WHICH COORDINATES THE ROUTING OF CALLS IN A LARGE SERVICE AREA.MSC CONNECTS THE CELLULAR BASE STATIONS AND THE MOBILES TO THE PSTN.

BSC(BASE STATION CONTROLLER)-A base station subsystem (BSS) which typically includes one or more base station controllers and a plurality of base stations, provides all of the radio-related functions

PSTN(PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK)- IT UTILISES STANDARDS CREATED BY ITU-T. THIS STANDARDS ALLOWS DIFFERENT NETWORK IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES TO INTERCONNECT SEAMLESSLY.

GGSN(GATE GPRS SUPPORT NODE)- IT IS USED AS INTERFACES TO EXTERNAL IP NETWORKS SUCH AS PUBLIC INTERNET.OTHER FUNCTION INCLUDES SUBSCIBES SCREENING AND ADDRESS MAPPING.IT MAINTAINS ROUTING INFORMATION.

CHARGING GATEWAY- MAIN FUNCTION IS COLLECTION OF GPRS DATA RECORDS FROM GPRS NODES,INTERMEDIATE DATA RECORD STORAGE,BUFFERING AND TRANSFER OF DATA RECORDS TO THE MEDIATION OR BILLING SYSTEM.

SGSN(SERVING GPRS SUPPORT NODE)-IT SENDS QUERIES TO HOME LOCATION REGISTER (HLR) TO OBTAIN PROFILE DATA OF GPRS SUBSCRIBER.

CHATINFORMATION SERVICES AS TEXT OR GRAPHICSSTILL IMAGESMOVING IMAGESWEB BROWSINGAUDIO REPORTSDOCUMENT SHARINGJOB DISPATCHCORPORATE MAILLAN APPLICATIONSVEHICLE POSITIONINGFILE TRANSFER

APPLICATIONS

CURRENT TECHNOLOGY

GPRS CONNECTING TOOLS

SECURITY ISSUES

IDENTITY CONFIDENTIALITY

IDENTITY AUTHENTICITY

USER AND SIGNALING DATA CONFIDENTIALITY

THE ALGORITHMS

1. In theory, GPRS packet-based services cost users less than circuit-switched services since communication channels are being used on a shared-use, as-packets-are-needed basis rather than dedicated to only one user at a time. 2. It is also easier to make applications available to mobile users because the faster data rate means that middleware currently needed to adapt applications to the slower speedof wireless systems are no longer be needed. 3. GPRS also complements Bluetooth, a standard for replacing wired connections between devices with wireless radio connec-tions. In addition to the Internet Protocol (IP), GPRS supports X.25, a packet-based protocol that is used mainly in Europe.

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wimaxwww.enchantedlearning.comwww.science.howstuffworks.com/wimaxhttp://www.comsoc.org/pubs/surveys/

3q99issue/bettstetter.htmlhttp://www.wsdmag.com/2000/aug2200/38-

45.html