Lunch Keynote: Mr. Richard Kidd

Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment)

Army Energy Program

Mr. Richard KiddDeputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Energy and

Sustainability

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Army Energy in Perspective• The Army manages both Installation & Operational Energy

requirements• The Army is largest facility energy consumer in the Federal

Government – $1.3B (FY11)• The Army spent $3.7B on liquid fuel purchases in FY11, a

more than $1B increase over FY10, in part due to an increase in the cost to deliver liquid fuel in Afghanistan

WHITE HOUSE VIEW: “Now, there are costs associated with this transition. And there are some who believe that we can’t afford to pay those costs right now. I say we can’t afford not to change how we produce and use energy – because in the long-term costs to our economy, our national security and our environment are far greater. “ – President Obama, June 2010

Fort Carson Photovoltaic Array

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“Operational Energy equates exactly to operational capability” - General John Allen, Commander United States Forces – Afghanistan, December 2011

“Improving our energy security directly translates to improving our national security.” - General Martin Dempsey, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, October 2011

EXTERNAL VIEW: “Pay attention: When the U.S. Army desegregated, the country really desegregated; when the Army goes green, the country could really go green.” – Thomas Friedman, 2009

Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy, & Environment) 3

Energy and Sustainability Mission: Provide Strategic Leadership, Policy Guidance, Program Oversight and

Outreach for Energy and Sustainability throughout the Army Enterprise to Enhance Current Installation and Operational Capabilities, Safeguard Resources and Preserve Future Options

Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Energy and Sustainability

Office StructureThe Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Energy and Sustainability is broken down into four categories

• Operational Energy

• Installation Energy

• Sustainability

• Energy Initiatives Task Force

Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy & Environment)

SoldierBasing Vehicles

Installation Tactical Non TacticalContingency

Army Power and Energy Framework

Operational EnergyInstallation Energy

Net Zero InstallationsContingency Basing

Smart & Green EnergyMini Grid Power Plants

Adv. Mobile Medium Power SourcesInsulated Tents/Spray Foam

Renewable Energy Program PlanARNG Energy Lab (Schools)

LED & Electroluminescent LightingShower Water Reuse System

Expeditionary Water PackagingWater From Air System

System Integration Lab - Ft DevensSolar, Wind, Geothermal Power

Rucksack Enhanced Portable PowerExpeditionary Energy

Soldier Power ManagerNett Warrior

Tactical Fuels Manager DefenseSmart-Charging Micro Grids

Vehicle-to-Grid (Fort Carson, CO)Alternative Fuels

Low Speed Electric VehiclesHybrid Electric Vehicles

Hybrid Truck Users Forum (TARDEC)Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

Improved Turbine Engine Program

Army Energy Security Initiatives

Energy Initiatives Task Force

Senior Energy & Sustainability Council

OSD Operational Energy Strategy

Net Zero Strategy

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Army Energy Program

● Change the Culture: Every Soldier a Power Manager– Senior Energy and Sustainability Council (SESC)/Senior Energy

Executive (SEE)– Energy and Sustainability must be a consideration in all Army activities– System wide approach for designing base camps to capture

efficiencies

● Drive Efficiency Across the Enterprise– Leverage public private financing to accelerate efficiency projects– Implement technologies to significantly reduce energy footprint in the

field and on installations

● Build Resilience through Renewable/Alternative Energy– Diversify sources of energy to allow for continued operations during

energy disruptions– Attract private investment to develop large scale renewable energy

projects– Provide flexibility and resiliency by developing alternatives and

adaptable capabilities

● Science and Technology – Army’s future efforts depend on Science and Technology investments

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Army Energy Security

Implementation Strategy (AESIS)

Operational Energy - Initial Capabilities Document (ICD)

CENTCOM Operational Energy

Documents

Tactical Fuel and Energy

Implementation Plan

Army Power and Energy White Paper

1 Apr 10

13 Jan 0921 Oct 11

13 Oct 1019 Aug 10

24 Sep 10

22 Feb 11

19 Aug 1013 Oct 10

Strategy into Action

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Strategy/Concepts Tasks/ObjectivesCampaign Objective 2.0

Provide Facilities, Programs & Services to Support the Army and Army Families

Major Objective 2-8: Institutionalize Contingency Basing

Campaign Objective 8.0

Improve Energy Security and Sustainability

Major Objective 8-2: Increase Operational Energy Effectiveness


Provide Facilities, Programs & Services to Support the Army and Army Families

Major Objective 2-8: Institutionalize Contingency Basing


Improve Energy Security and Sustainability

Major Objective 8-2: Increase Operational Energy Effectiveness

Draft 14 Dec 11

Army Integration

&

TBP

DICR’s and Joint CB ICD

Contingency Basing Campaign Plan

Draft v0.2, 30 Jul 11

Army Operational Energy

Campaign Plan

Leader Development And Training

Change Culture

OE Subtasks1. Increase

Operational Effect2. Reduce

Consumption3. Increase Efficiency4. Expand

Alternatives5. Assure Access

OE Subtasks1. Increase

Operational Effect2. Reduce

Consumption3. Increase Efficiency4. Expand

Alternatives5. Assure Access


Facilities Energy

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Energy Reductions• Army Facilities Energy investments are producing results• Since FY03 the Army has reduced its energy consumption by

13.1% while total population on its installations has increased 20%

High Performance Building Standards• Implemented the highest building standards in the Federal

Government, ASHRAE 189.1• Building Energy Audits

Third Party Financing• Army has most robust Energy Savings Performance Contract

(ESPC) program in entire Federal government. • Expects to execute $800 million ESPC/UESCs in 2012 and 2013.

Non-Tactical Vehicle Fleet• Actively managing fleet to Reduce size and improve efficiency• 8% reduction in fuel use in FY11

Energy Initiatives Task Force and Net Zero Initiative• EITF – Renewable Energy Projects >10MW• Net Zero – Identified 17 pilot installations

LEED Gold Brigade Combat Team headquarters, Fort Carson, CO


Third Party Financing

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Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPC) and Utilities Energy Services Contracts (UESC)

• Army has most robust ESPC program in entire Federal government and has reduced process time to 14 months.

• The Army has secured more than $1.5B in ESPC and UESC investment = cost avoidance to the Army of $148 million and energy savings of 7.986 trillion British thermal units (Btu).

• More ESPC’s were awarded in Q1 of FY12 ($93M) than in all of FY11 ($74M).

• Expects to execute $800 million ESPC/UESCs in 2012 and 2013.

High Efficient BoilersPicatinny Arsenal, NJ

FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 Projected FY13 Projected0

50

100

150

200

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350

400

450

Value of ESPCs and UESCs Awarded

Do

llar

s in

Mil

lio

ns


Non-Tactical Vehicles

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Ft. Dix Soldiers and Civilians turn in a vehicle for a hybrid vehicle

FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY1134

36

38

40

42

44

46

48

Covered Petroleum Consumption

Total Consumption Target

MG

GE

Goal to reduce fleet petroleum consumption

Solution• Reduce fleet size• Right size vehicles• Alternative fuel vehicles

Results• NTV petroleum usage decreased 8.2% in FY11• Fleet size – ~77,600 (~82,800 vehicles in FY09)

• Planned reductions of 5,000 per year FY12-14• Right sizing – New vehicles more efficient that

those they replace• Alternative fuel vehicles – Increased 57% FY09-

FY11• Testing electric vehicle and vehicle to grid

(V2G) technology (Fort Carson)

Electric truck participating in V2G test at Fort Carson


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Net Zero Hierarchy

A Net Zero ENERGY Installation is an installation that produces as much energy on site as it uses, over the course of a year.

A Net Zero WATER Installation limits the consumption of freshwater resources and returns water back to the same watershed so not to deplete the groundwater and surface water resources of that region in quantity or quality.

A Net Zero WASTE Installation is an installation that reduces, reuses, and recovers waste streams, converting them to resource values with zero solid waste to landfill.

A Net ZERO INSTALLATION applies an integrated approach to management of energy, water, and waste to capture and commercialize the resource value and/or enhance the ecological productivity of land, water, and air.


Energy Initiatives Task Force

The EITF is producing a process for developing large-scale renewable energy projects that is clear, consistent and transparent. This process will be described in a Renewable Energy Project Development Guide that will detail the five phases of project development.

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1. Strategic: Petroleum resources increasingly concentrated

outside US sphere of influence Energy logistics limitations constrain National

Defense options

Energy in the Operational Hierarchy

12 12

NDN

PAK GLOC

3. Tactical: Energy drives key operational capabilities such as maneuver,

awareness, communication, etc. One Soldier 72 hours: 7 types, 70 batteries, 16 lb Dismounted platoon for 72 hours: >400 lbs of batteries

2. Operational: 70-80% of resupply volume is fuel and water, limits

sustainment alternatives Fully Burdened Cost of Fuel ranges from $3.95 to as

high as $56/gal in Afghanistan.

World Energy Choke Points

1 Casualty/46 Convoys

In OEF


Operational Energy Basing Power

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• Tactical Fuels Manager Defense (TFMD): • Automated system tracks requirements, inventory, and consumption

• Improves visibility and enhance accountability• 36 fielded to USFOR-A; ~45% of all Army fuel in Afghanistan

• Mini-Grids Deployed in USFOR-A: • 28 mini-grids replaced spot-generation.• Saves 50M gallons of fuel per year

• Advanced Medium-sized Mobile Power Sources (AMMPS):

• Lighter, more fuel efficient, next generation generators - replaces current Tactical Quiet Generators

• Averages 21% less fuel than the current sets in the field• Accelerating fielding for deploying units

Enterprise Visibility

Save 50M* Gallons of Fuel per Year in OEF

21% Fuel Savings


USFOR-A Minigrids

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Spot Generation on contingency bases resulting in wasted power generation and fuel

Solution – Replace With Minigrids• Save Fuel• Less Maintenance• Less Outages• Off-the-shelf, readily available technology

Result • Saving 50 million gallons of fuel annually• Equivalent to Removing 20,000 HEMTT

Loads or 55 Trucks per Day• Removed more than 1900 spot generators• Reduced maintenance costs• Short payback• Soldiers available to accomplish alternate

missions


Energy to the Edge

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Pre E2E Feb

12Post E2E April

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Generators 5 (240kW) 3 (165 kW)

Power Usage 121 kW 107 kWFuel Consumption 360 gal/day 240 gal/day

Fuel Savings 120 gal/day

CDS Reduction 16 CDS Bundles / month

Village Stability Platform (VSP) Case• Rapid Equipping Force (REF) provided an assessment of a VSP in Afghanistan and

implemented fixes based on that assessment

Balanced Generators with loads. Two generators taken offline

Hybrid Solutions to Increase operational reliability and reduce fuel consumption

• Austere environments that are difficult to resupply with high threat to ground resupply

• Resupply largely from air drops• Identified possible efficiencies and technology

Results• Significant reduction in fuel usage (33% reduction)• Reduced resupply demand• Improved reliability of supply• Improved efficiency of generators• Reduced O&M on wet stacked generators• Increased safety and reliability, due to electric system fixes

Resupply via air drops


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Operational Energy Soldier Power

• The1/82nd and 173rd ABCTs deploying with energy technologies to extend dismounted soldiers endurance and range

• Equipped with a suite of advanced soldier power capabilities such as power management devices, fuel cells, and renewable energy alternatives that helped to reduce the volume and weight of their load.

• This will build on the deployment of the Soldiers of the 1-16th Infantry Battalion.

$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 (Est)

C-E

Batt

ery

Dem

ands

($M

)

Rechargeable Vs Non-Rechargeable C-E Batteries

Non-rechargeable

Rechargeable

Rechargeable Batteries• One Soldier 72 hours: 7 types, 70 batteries, 16 lb• Dismounted platoon for 72 hours: >400 lbs of

batteries• Army shifting from non-rechargeable to rechargeable

batteries• FY 12 - Estimate 52% of spending for

Communications-Electronics rechargeables compared to 26% in FY05


1-82nd and 173rd Airborne Combat Teams

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Propane Fuel Cell

1-82nd and 173rd Airborne Combat Teams

Solar Stik

Advanced Medium Mobile Power Sources (AMMPS)

Rucksack Enhanced Portable Power System (REPPS)

Soldier Power Managers

1kW JP-8 generator

Modular Universal Battery Charger


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Operational Energy Vehicle Power

Research and Development• TARDEC – DOE Partnership• Improved Turbine Engine Program• Greater on-board power for combat vehicles• Fuel Efficient Ground Vehicle Demonstrator• Ground Systems Power and Energy Laboratory

(GSPEL), TARDEC• Opened on 11 April 2012 - eight state-of-

the-art laboratories:• Will develop and test advanced vehicle

technologies to support Army ground system advances

Track Requirements and Fuel Consumption to Inform Decision Making

• Tactical Fuels Manager Defense

Fuel Efficient Ground Vehicle Demonstrator (FED-A)

Advanced Vehicle Power Technology Alliance (AVPTA) with DoE

Ground Systems Power and Energy Laboratory


Science &Technology Investment Strategy

Energy and Power - Reduce Fossil Fuel and Battery Demand• Reduce platform energy consumption• More efficient power sources• Smart energy management• Proactive thermal management• Provide energy options (e.g., alternative fuels, solar)

Logistics - Reduced Fully Burdened Cost of Logistics

• Reduce fuel and water battlefield delivery

• Develop efficient turbine, hybrid engines and propulsion systems

• Comprehensive condition-based maintenance

• Pursue lightweight materials technologies (e.g., composites, lightweight track)

• Improve precision delivery of Soldiers/equipment (e.g., air drop)

Collaborate With the Department of Energy on Research

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Our Secret Weapon

The world will not evolve past its current state of crisis by using the same thinking that created the situation.

- ALBERT EINSTEIN