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Practical Problem Solving Using Mobile Technology#12NTCjsi@JSIhealth@WorldEd
Joy Kamunyori, JSIMindy Nichamin, JSIDavid Noyes, WEIMarco Sotelino, WEISarah Hiller, JSI
Slide 2PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Evaluate This Session!Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!
or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval
Slide 3PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 3PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• Overview• Goal: to help you integrate mobile technology into your
programs (or refine your current mobile tech programs), with an understanding of:– How to use appropriate mobile technology to address
development challenges– How to use new mobile tools and also re-purpose
current tools– How to use mobile technology to connect hard-to-
reach populations with the information they need• Poll
Today’s Presentation
Slide 4PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 4
Joy KamunyoriTechnical AdvisorJohn Snow, Inc. (JSI)
Zimbabwe: Using Images to Transmit Data
Slide 5PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 5PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 6PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 6
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Context
Slide 7PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 7
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Context
`Context
•Facilities offering antiretroviral therapy (ART) report stock information every 2 months
•95% reporting rate, but 68% on-time reporting rate
•Affects timeliness of delivery of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to facilities
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 8
Reporting
•Forms sent to main warehouse by Expedited Mail Service (EMS) or in person•Sometimes facilities give information via voice calls•80+% of facilities use cell phones to get contact Logistics Officers
• 80+% have network coverage•Urban facilities sometimes email scanned forms or Excel
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 9
`The Problem
•Facilities filling out forms on time, but not arriving on time
•Focus: Decrease the amount of time taken for data to get from facilities to main warehouse
•How? Technology!
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 10
Main Constraint: 227 Data Points!
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 11
Other Constraints
•Integration with current business processes
•Available infrastructure
•Adding to workload at facility
•Balancing current needs with future growth
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 12
Slide 13PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 13
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Solution
Potential SolutionsSubmit via web interface
Scan and submit via internet
Submit from mobile handset via SMS
Voice phone call (IVR)
Submit from mobile handset using JAVA form over mobile data connection/SMS
Capture an image using mobile handset, and submit via mobile data connection
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 14
Steps
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 15
Implementation Plan
•2 month feasibility pilot (5 facilities)
•Review and assess pilot
•6 month extended pilot (40 facilities)
•Review and adjust
•Scale up to all facilities
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 17
Challenges
•No MMS – images had to be sent via email• Added training elements• Setting up phones for email was difficult• Phones experienced difficulty sending
emails
•Only 2 facilities actively participated in pilot• Urban facilities did not participate
•Cell phone management
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 18
Slide 19PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 19
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Results
Results•Most images were a little hazy but legible
•Approximately 90% of images arrived within the minute
•6% took less than 10 mins
•3% took over an hour
•There were instances where messages were sent but not received
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 20
Next Steps
•Next phase of pilot will include 11 sites• Only remote facilities included
•MMS now available in country• MMS option to be explored instead
of email
•Increased training on good picture taking and cell phone management
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 22
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
CocoaLink: Using Mobile Technology to Connect Cocoa
Communities
David Noyes &Marco SotelinoAfrica DivisionWorld Education, Inc.
Slide 23
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
15 CocoaLink communities in 3 districts of the Western region
Public-Private Partnership between The Hershey Company, World Cocoa Foundation, and Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD); funded by Hershey’s
Implemented by World Education, Inc.
Local partners CENCOSAD and DreamOval
Government support: COCOBOD, CRIG, NPECLC
CocoaLink: Ghana
Slide 24
Slide 25PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 26PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 27PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Bean to bar is a long process (~2 million smallholder farmers in West Africa produce 66% of world production)
Ghana + Cote d'Ivoire produce most of the world's cocoa
Over 700,000 cocoa farmers in Ghana
Over 800,000 tons per year 20% of global production Small farms (a few hectares) Low yields: 400 kg/hectare/yr
(optimal is ~3x more) Aging farmer population
Cocoa Farming in Ghana
Slide 31
Slide 32PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• Knowledge & Skills: tree nursery, tree spacing, pruning, monitoring and caring for trees, insect and disease control, use of fertilizer, harvesting & post-harvesting techniques – improved techniques
• Inputs: land, seeds, fertilizer, tools, transportation, access to credit – what farmers need
• Awareness: shift from subsistence, family-oriented activity to profitable agribusiness
Sustainable Cocoa Communities
Slide 33PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• How do farmers acquire skills?
• Family/tradition, “learning by doing,” training programs, agriculture extension field agents
• Drawbacks of these means
• Use of practices that do not result in optimal yields (e.g. tree spacing, black pod)
• Low literacy levels and prohibitive cost per beneficiary of training programs
• Under-resourced extension service systems
Improving Skills Leads to Better Use of Inputs
Slide 34PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile Technology is Widespread in Ghana
Slide 35PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Solution
Slide 36PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Ghana Government(COCOBOD, CRIG, National Program)
Best Practices in Cocoa FarmingImplementing Partners
(WEI, CENCOSAD, DreamOval)
Donors(Hershey,
WCF)
Information Dissemination through Mobile Phones
Slide 37PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Enrollment Service – Via Mobile/Short Code
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Messages
• Developed with Ghanaian Government
• Address best practices in agriculture, as well as farm safety
• Timed to roll out with the different steps of cocoa growing and harvesting cycles
Slide 38
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
January: Lining and Pegging
“Do you want healthier looking, better yielding cocoa trees and a farm that is easier to work on? Then line and peg your farm at the recommended spacing of 3m x 3m (or 10ft x 10ft).”
Slide 39
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
March: Pruning
“Have you pruned your farm? You should prune your farm before the rainy season begins in April/May.”
Slide 40
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
August: Capsid Control
“Make it a point to spray your cocoa farm in August, September, October and December to control capsids. For effective results, use only CONFIDOR, ACTARA or AKATEMASTER.”
Slide 41
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
September: Harvesting
“Harvest your cocoa pods regularly when the pods are yellowish green or greenish yellow. Avoid cutting the pods so that the beans are not damaged.”
Slide 42
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Farm Safety
“Protect your children’s future! Stop children below 18 years from working with agrochemicals.”
“Cover yourself well when spraying. Do not eat, drink or smoke during spraying. Dispose the chemical containers immediately by burying them.”
Slide 43
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Inviting Farmers to Engage
“Do you have any questions or enquiries about cocoa farming activities? Then text to short code 1980 to receive prompt response.”
Slide 44
Slide 45PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Two Way Message System
Slide 46PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Community-Based Activities Reinforce Messages
• Educational sessions have taken place in all 15 communities, reaching over 1000 individual farmers (~40% women)
• Community-level meetings allow farmers to share learning and ask specific questions
• Visits by extension officers are more productive and are registering farmers
• Local language delivery (Twi & Sefwi)
• CocoaLink News
Slide 47PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING
MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Results
Slide 48PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• Delivers critical information:– Agricultural, farm safety, child labor, and health messages via text and voice in
local languages– Uses extension material to respond to farmers’ information needs
• Builds skills:– Majority of farmers own phones but don’t know how to text– Builds on literacy skills being developed in the ECHOES program
• Connects farmers and extension service workers:– Dramatically multiplies Ghana’s extension services and in a more cost-
effective manner– Initial phase will directly involve 1,450 cocoa farmers (8,000 farm family
members); scale-up plan to reach out to 100,000 farmers nationwide• Expected to Enhance Prosperity:
– Strengthening the families’ financial position by improving cocoa productivity
Expected Results
Slide 49PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Challenges
• Low literacy levels of farmers (capacity to read messages and manipulate phone)
• Further development of 2-way messaging system
• Technical challenges (farmers receive messages in wrong language, registered users not receiving messages; lack of access to electricity – 24 hour window for message)
• Farmers have information, but not able to afford some inputs
Slide 50PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Moving Forward
• Build the role of extension workers in registering farmers
• Move to new regions in Ghana• Accompany where possible with
training in phone usage and literacy
• Expand to other cocoa producing countries
Slide 51PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
AIDS.gov & Mobile
Mindy NichaminAIDS.gov New Media CoordinatorJohn Snow, Inc. (JSI)
Slide 52PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 53PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Smartphone Platforms
in the US, 2011
• 52% of U.S. adults phone owners have smartphones
OtherOther(38%) (38%)
• AndroidAndroid• iOSiOS
(62%) (62%)
Canalys & Pew Internet
• Smartphones and tablets outshipped PCs (desktop and notebooks) for the first time in Q4 2011
The Rise of Mobile
Slide 54PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
80% of internet users have looked online for health information. This translates to 59% of all adults.
.
Source: The Social Life of Health Information, May 12, 2011 by Susannah Fox Pew Internet & American Life Project
Slide 55PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Source: “Mobile Access 2010,” Pew Internet & American Life Project
46African
Americans
51Hispanics/
Latinos
33Whites
% of people who use their phone to go online
56
30 years ago
Slide 57PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile in 1981
Slide 58PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile today
Slide 59PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Solution
Slide 60PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
SMS• Lowest
common denominator
• Universal adoption
Tiers of Adoption
Slide 61PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile Web– Nearly universal
Applications– Targeted experience– Platform specific
(Android, iOS, Windows, Blackberry, etc.)
Tiers of Adoption
Slide 62PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Source: Mashable – Aaron Maxwell
Return on Investment
www.AIDS.gov
Slide 64PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
m.AIDS.gov
65
Slide 66PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 67PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 68PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Results
Slide 69PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
AIDS.gov Mobile Site
• Mobile accounts
for 15% of all traffic to AIDS.gov (just 4% 1 year ago)
• Mobile visits increased 1100% over the past year
Slide 70PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
28,000 actual searches
13% are mobile
Slide 71PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
18% The proportion of mobile users who land on
“How you get HIV or AIDS”(making it the most viewed page on m.AIDS.gov)
Mobile users are coming to us for what they see as our most important content and are bypassing the home page altogether.
.
Slide 72PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Private/Personal
Slide 73PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
QR Codes
AIDS.gov Locatorhttp://
locator.AIDS.gov
AIDS.gov Mobile Sitehttp://m.AIDS.gov
Slide 74PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Lance Roggendorff [email protected]
@lroggendorff
Luke Wroblewskiwww.lukew.com
@lukew
Josh Clarkwww.globalmoxie.com
@globalmoxie
Pew Internet & American Life Project
www.pewinternet.org@Pew_Internet
Jeremy Vanderlan [email protected]
@thulcandrian
Resources
Slide 75PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 75
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
blog.AIDS.gov
twitter.com/AIDSgov
facebook.com/AIDSgov
youtube.com/AIDSgov
foursquare.com/AIDSgov
http://m.AIDS.gov
http://locator.AIDS.gov
Stay Connected
Slide 76PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 76PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
1.You can do a lot with your grandmother’s cell phone. You don’t need a smart phone to make an impact, but in the United States, it helps.
2.Appropriate technology is the new black. Appropriate = sexy. Pass it on.
3.Big change does not require a big investment. Re-use and Recycle.
Key Take Aways
Slide 77PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Contact UsJoy [email protected]
Mindy [email protected]
David [email protected]
Marco [email protected]
Sarah [email protected]
twitter.com/JSIhealth
twitter.com/WorldEd
facebook.com/JSIhealth
facebook.com/WorldEd
youtube.com/JSIhealth
gplus.to/jsi
Slide 78PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Evaluate This Session!Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!
or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval
Thank you!