Practical Problem Solving Using Mobile Technology

Practical Problem Solving Using Mobile Technology#12NTCjsi@JSIhealth@WorldEd

Joy Kamunyori, JSIMindy Nichamin, JSIDavid Noyes, WEIMarco Sotelino, WEISarah Hiller, JSI

Slide 2PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

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Slide 3PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 3PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

• Overview• Goal: to help you integrate mobile technology into your

programs (or refine your current mobile tech programs), with an understanding of:– How to use appropriate mobile technology to address

development challenges– How to use new mobile tools and also re-purpose

current tools– How to use mobile technology to connect hard-to-

reach populations with the information they need• Poll

Today’s Presentation

Slide 4PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 4

Joy KamunyoriTechnical AdvisorJohn Snow, Inc. (JSI)

Zimbabwe: Using Images to Transmit Data




PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

Context



Context

`Context

•Facilities offering antiretroviral therapy (ART) report stock information every 2 months

•95% reporting rate, but 68% on-time reporting rate

•Affects timeliness of delivery of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to facilities

PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 8

Reporting

•Forms sent to main warehouse by Expedited Mail Service (EMS) or in person•Sometimes facilities give information via voice calls•80+% of facilities use cell phones to get contact Logistics Officers

• 80+% have network coverage•Urban facilities sometimes email scanned forms or Excel


`The Problem

•Facilities filling out forms on time, but not arriving on time

•Focus: Decrease the amount of time taken for data to get from facilities to main warehouse

•How? Technology!


Main Constraint: 227 Data Points!


Other Constraints

•Integration with current business processes

•Available infrastructure

•Adding to workload at facility

•Balancing current needs with future growth




The Solution

Potential SolutionsSubmit via web interface

Scan and submit via internet

Submit from mobile handset via SMS

Voice phone call (IVR)

Submit from mobile handset using JAVA form over mobile data connection/SMS

Capture an image using mobile handset, and submit via mobile data connection


Steps


Implementation Plan

•2 month feasibility pilot (5 facilities)

•Review and assess pilot

•6 month extended pilot (40 facilities)

•Review and adjust

•Scale up to all facilities


Challenges

•No MMS – images had to be sent via email• Added training elements• Setting up phones for email was difficult• Phones experienced difficulty sending

emails

•Only 2 facilities actively participated in pilot• Urban facilities did not participate

•Cell phone management




Results

Results•Most images were a little hazy but legible

•Approximately 90% of images arrived within the minute

•6% took less than 10 mins

•3% took over an hour

•There were instances where messages were sent but not received


Next Steps

•Next phase of pilot will include 11 sites• Only remote facilities included

•MMS now available in country• MMS option to be explored instead

of email

•Increased training on good picture taking and cell phone management



CocoaLink: Using Mobile Technology to Connect Cocoa

Communities

David Noyes &Marco SotelinoAfrica DivisionWorld Education, Inc.

Slide 23


15 CocoaLink communities in 3 districts of the Western region

Public-Private Partnership between The Hershey Company, World Cocoa Foundation, and Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD); funded by Hershey’s

Implemented by World Education, Inc.

Local partners CENCOSAD and DreamOval

Government support: COCOBOD, CRIG, NPECLC

CocoaLink: Ghana

Slide 24





Bean to bar is a long process (~2 million smallholder farmers in West Africa produce 66% of world production)

Ghana + Cote d'Ivoire produce most of the world's cocoa

Over 700,000 cocoa farmers in Ghana

Over 800,000 tons per year 20% of global production Small farms (a few hectares) Low yields: 400 kg/hectare/yr

(optimal is ~3x more) Aging farmer population

Cocoa Farming in Ghana

Slide 31


• Knowledge & Skills: tree nursery, tree spacing, pruning, monitoring and caring for trees, insect and disease control, use of fertilizer, harvesting & post-harvesting techniques – improved techniques

• Inputs: land, seeds, fertilizer, tools, transportation, access to credit – what farmers need

• Awareness: shift from subsistence, family-oriented activity to profitable agribusiness

Sustainable Cocoa Communities


• How do farmers acquire skills?

• Family/tradition, “learning by doing,” training programs, agriculture extension field agents

• Drawbacks of these means

• Use of practices that do not result in optimal yields (e.g. tree spacing, black pod)

• Low literacy levels and prohibitive cost per beneficiary of training programs

• Under-resourced extension service systems

Improving Skills Leads to Better Use of Inputs


Mobile Technology is Widespread in Ghana


The Solution


Ghana Government(COCOBOD, CRIG, National Program)

Best Practices in Cocoa FarmingImplementing Partners

(WEI, CENCOSAD, DreamOval)

Donors(Hershey,

WCF)

Information Dissemination through Mobile Phones


Enrollment Service – Via Mobile/Short Code


Messages

• Developed with Ghanaian Government

• Address best practices in agriculture, as well as farm safety

• Timed to roll out with the different steps of cocoa growing and harvesting cycles

Slide 38


January: Lining and Pegging

“Do you want healthier looking, better yielding cocoa trees and a farm that is easier to work on? Then line and peg your farm at the recommended spacing of 3m x 3m (or 10ft x 10ft).”

Slide 39


March: Pruning

“Have you pruned your farm? You should prune your farm before the rainy season begins in April/May.”

Slide 40


August: Capsid Control

“Make it a point to spray your cocoa farm in August, September, October and December to control capsids. For effective results, use only CONFIDOR, ACTARA or AKATEMASTER.”

Slide 41


September: Harvesting

“Harvest your cocoa pods regularly when the pods are yellowish green or greenish yellow. Avoid cutting the pods so that the beans are not damaged.”

Slide 42


Farm Safety

“Protect your children’s future! Stop children below 18 years from working with agrochemicals.”

“Cover yourself well when spraying. Do not eat, drink or smoke during spraying. Dispose the chemical containers immediately by burying them.”

Slide 43


Inviting Farmers to Engage

“Do you have any questions or enquiries about cocoa farming activities? Then text to short code 1980 to receive prompt response.”

Slide 44


Two Way Message System


Community-Based Activities Reinforce Messages

• Educational sessions have taken place in all 15 communities, reaching over 1000 individual farmers (~40% women)

• Community-level meetings allow farmers to share learning and ask specific questions

• Visits by extension officers are more productive and are registering farmers

• Local language delivery (Twi & Sefwi)

• CocoaLink News

Slide 47PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING

MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

Results


• Delivers critical information:– Agricultural, farm safety, child labor, and health messages via text and voice in

local languages– Uses extension material to respond to farmers’ information needs

• Builds skills:– Majority of farmers own phones but don’t know how to text– Builds on literacy skills being developed in the ECHOES program

• Connects farmers and extension service workers:– Dramatically multiplies Ghana’s extension services and in a more cost-

effective manner– Initial phase will directly involve 1,450 cocoa farmers (8,000 farm family

members); scale-up plan to reach out to 100,000 farmers nationwide• Expected to Enhance Prosperity:

– Strengthening the families’ financial position by improving cocoa productivity

Expected Results


Challenges

• Low literacy levels of farmers (capacity to read messages and manipulate phone)

• Further development of 2-way messaging system

• Technical challenges (farmers receive messages in wrong language, registered users not receiving messages; lack of access to electricity – 24 hour window for message)

• Farmers have information, but not able to afford some inputs


Moving Forward

• Build the role of extension workers in registering farmers

• Move to new regions in Ghana• Accompany where possible with

training in phone usage and literacy

• Expand to other cocoa producing countries


AIDS.gov & Mobile

Mindy NichaminAIDS.gov New Media CoordinatorJohn Snow, Inc. (JSI)



Smartphone Platforms

in the US, 2011

• 52% of U.S. adults phone owners have smartphones

OtherOther(38%) (38%)

• AndroidAndroid• iOSiOS

(62%) (62%)

Canalys & Pew Internet

• Smartphones and tablets outshipped PCs (desktop and notebooks) for the first time in Q4 2011

The Rise of Mobile


80% of internet users have looked online for health information. This translates to 59% of all adults.

.

Source: The Social Life of Health Information, May 12, 2011 by Susannah Fox Pew Internet & American Life Project


Source: “Mobile Access 2010,” Pew Internet & American Life Project

46African

Americans

51Hispanics/

Latinos

33Whites

% of people who use their phone to go online

56

30 years ago


Mobile in 1981


Mobile today


The Solution


SMS• Lowest

common denominator

• Universal adoption

Tiers of Adoption


Mobile Web– Nearly universal

Applications– Targeted experience– Platform specific

(Android, iOS, Windows, Blackberry, etc.)

Tiers of Adoption


Source: Mashable – Aaron Maxwell

Return on Investment

www.AIDS.gov


m.AIDS.gov

65




Results


AIDS.gov Mobile Site

• Mobile accounts

for 15% of all traffic to AIDS.gov (just 4% 1 year ago)

• Mobile visits increased 1100% over the past year


28,000 actual searches

13% are mobile


18% The proportion of mobile users who land on

“How you get HIV or AIDS”(making it the most viewed page on m.AIDS.gov)

Mobile users are coming to us for what they see as our most important content and are bypassing the home page altogether.

.


Private/Personal


QR Codes

AIDS.gov Locatorhttp://

locator.AIDS.gov

AIDS.gov Mobile Sitehttp://m.AIDS.gov


Lance Roggendorff [email protected]

@lroggendorff

Luke Wroblewskiwww.lukew.com

@lukew

Josh Clarkwww.globalmoxie.com

@globalmoxie

Pew Internet & American Life Project

www.pewinternet.org@Pew_Internet

Jeremy Vanderlan [email protected]

@thulcandrian

Resources



blog.AIDS.gov

twitter.com/AIDSgov

facebook.com/AIDSgov

youtube.com/AIDSgov

foursquare.com/AIDSgov

http://m.AIDS.gov

http://locator.AIDS.gov

Stay Connected



1.You can do a lot with your grandmother’s cell phone. You don’t need a smart phone to make an impact, but in the United States, it helps.

2.Appropriate technology is the new black. Appropriate = sexy. Pass it on.

3.Big change does not require a big investment. Re-use and Recycle.

Key Take Aways


Contact UsJoy [email protected]

Mindy [email protected]

David [email protected]

Marco [email protected]

Sarah [email protected]

twitter.com/JSIhealth

twitter.com/WorldEd

facebook.com/JSIhealth

facebook.com/WorldEd

youtube.com/JSIhealth

gplus.to/jsi


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Thank you!