Renewable energy in South Korea

Renewable Energy in South KoreaRenewable Energy in South Korea: Solar City : Solar City Daegu'sDaegu's Challenge Challenge

Research Institute for Energy, Environment and EconomyResearch Institute for Energy, Environment and EconomyKyungpookKyungpook National UniversityNational University

JongJong--dalldall KimKim

The 1st Asia Pacific Green Power Conference 20-21 March 2003, Tokyo, Japan

Comparison of Average Annual Growth Rates ofGNP and Commercial Energy Consumption

(per capita, 1985-1995)

Comparison of Average Annual Growth Rates ofGNP and Commercial Energy Consumption

(per capita, 1985-1995)

(%)

WorldWorld ChinaChinaS.KoreaS.KoreaAsiaAsia JapanJapan TaiwanTaiwan0

2

4

6

8

10

0.8%

8.3%

- 0.3%

7.7%

9.5%

3.4%3.3%2.2%

6.7%5.9%

2.9%2.8%

GNPEnergy

WorldWorld USAUSA AsiaAsia JapanJapan S.KoreaS.Korea ChinaChina0

0.5

1.5

2.0

2.519851995

Ener

gy In

tens

ityEn

ergy

Inte

nsity

(Toe

/ $1

000

of G

DP*

)(T

oe /

$100

0 of

GD

P*)

Center for Energy and Environmental PolicyCenter for Energy and Environmental Policy

* * Toe: tons of oil equivalent; GDP in constant dollars.Toe: tons of oil equivalent; GDP in constant dollars.

Comparison of Energy IntensityComparison of Energy Intensity

0.510.42

0.38

0.16

0.49

2.35

0.420.38

0.40

0.16

0.561.43

JISEEF I Scenario Cost-Effectiveness Tests

JISEEF I Scenario Cost-Effectiveness Tests

Industrial Sector : Industrial Sector : Payback period : Average = 1.23 years; maximum of 7 years (less than one-tenth of 1% of cases involve 7-year paybacks)

Payback period : Average = 1.23 years; maximum of 7 years (less than one-tenth of 1% of cases involve 7-year paybacks)

Residential and Commercial Sector:Residential and Commercial Sector:Cost of Conserved Energy (CCE) < 5.0 cents/kWh

(60 Won/kWh)Cost of Conserved Energy (CCE) < 5.0 cents/kWh

(60 Won/kWh)

Transportation Sector :Transportation Sector :Payback Period < 5 yearsPayback Period < 5 years

Joint Institute for a Sustainable Energy and Environmental FuturJoint Institute for a Sustainable Energy and Environmental Futuree

Primary Energy Saving in South KoreaPrimary Energy Saving in South Korea

(Unit : M.TOE , %) ((Unit : M.Unit : M.TOE , %) TOE , %)

80

90

100

120

1998 2000 2010 2020

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

FullImplementation

FullImplementation

Korea Industrial Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

Korea Industrial Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

110

130

25.0%25.0%


Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

70

Major Policy CommitmentMajor Policy Commitment

16.3%16.3%

Korea Transportation Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

Korea Transportation Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

FullImplementation

FullImplementation

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

20

30

40

50

60

70

1998 2000 2010 2020

25.0%25.0%


Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE) Major Policy

CommitmentMajor Policy Commitment 16.3%16.3%

Korea Residential Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

Korea Residential Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

FullImplementation

FullImplementation

20

25

35

40

1998 2000 2010 2020

30

45


Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)


22.0%22.0% 33.8%33.8%

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

MOCIE/KEEI BAU

FullImplementation

FullImplementation

5

15

20

30

1998 2000 2010 2020

Korea Commercial Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

Korea Commercial Sector ScenarioThree Implementation Options

10

2535.8%35.8%


Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE) Major Policy

CommitmentMajor Policy Commitment

16.3%16.3%

S.Korea’s Energy Efficiency ScenariosS.Korea’s Energy Efficiency Scenarios

Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

Ener

gy C

onsu

mpt

ion

(Mill

ion

TOE)

5050

100100

150150

200200

250250

300300

350350

0019981998 20102010 20202020

28.7%28.7%


BAUBAU

16.7%16.7%

FullImplementation

FullImplementation

20002000

Savings = 95.4 MTOESavings = 95.4 MTOE


Savings = 62.1 MTOESavings = 62.1 MTOE

S. Korea

Japan

Italy

U.S.A

France

Australia

New Zealand

1.01

2.1

2.6

4.1

4.2

5.2

11.1

18.1

Source : Energy balances of OECD countries,IEA, 1997-1998

Austria

Renewable Energy rate of Major Countries(%)Renewable Energy rate of Major Countries(%)

((As of the end of 2001)As of the end of 2001)

Source: MOCIE, South Korea.Source: MOCIE, South Korea.

Utilization of New and Renewable Energy by Source Utilization of New and Renewable Energy by Source

New Policy for Purchaging Prices for Renewables

New Policy for Purchaging Prices for Renewables

( ): cents if 1300 won/dollarsource: MOCIE, Korea.average electiricy price: 5 cent

Solar CitySolar CitySolar CitySolar CitySolar CitySolar CitySolar CitySolar City DaeguDaeguDaeguDaeguDaeguDaeguDaeguDaegu Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce Plan(SCDP) is to systematically introduce

solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies solar and other renewable energy sources, technologies

and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission and industries. Also, It focuses on sustainable emission

targets including targets including targets including targets including targets including targets including targets including targets including greenghousegreenghousegreenghousegreenghousegreenghousegreenghousegreenghousegreenghouse gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban gases, and aims at urban

business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy business and industry in solar and other renewable energy

technology systems.technology systems.technology systems.technology systems.technology systems.technology systems.technology systems.technology systems.

Purpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar CityPurpose & Conception of Solar City

Background of Solar City Project

!! Solar City Concept is firstly introduced 3 Solar City Concept is firstly introduced 3 years ago, and confirmed formal IEA project years ago, and confirmed formal IEA project in 1999. in 1999. ((Exco Exco IEA task 30).IEA task 30).

!! Solar City project has implemented from 2002 Solar City project has implemented from 2002 for 5 years after preparatory period and for 5 years after preparatory period and during this time it has organized preparatory during this time it has organized preparatory workshop 4 times. workshop 4 times.

DaeguDaeguDaeguDaegu Solar City ModelSolar City ModelSolar City ModelSolar City Model

Daegu Solar City 2006Daegu Solar City 2006Daegu Solar City 2006Daegu Solar City 2006

Daegu Solar City ModelDaegu Solar City ModelDaegu Solar City ModelDaegu Solar City Model

Solar EnergySolar EnergySolar EnergySolar Energy

1. 1. 1. 1. Solar Cell GenerationSolar Cell GenerationSolar Cell GenerationSolar Cell Generation2. 2. 2. 2. Solar Heating/CoolingSolar Heating/CoolingSolar Heating/CoolingSolar Heating/Cooling3. 3. 3. 3. Solar VillageSolar VillageSolar VillageSolar Village4. Solar Thema Park 4. Solar Thema Park 4. Solar Thema Park 4. Solar Thema Park

Other Renewable EnergyOther Renewable EnergyOther Renewable EnergyOther Renewable Energy

1. 1. 1. 1. Energy efficiencyEnergy efficiencyEnergy efficiencyEnergy efficiency2. 2. 2. 2. RDF energyRDF energyRDF energyRDF energy3. 3. 3. 3. Bio gas Bio gas Bio gas Bio gas 4. 4. 4. 4. Reuse of wasteReuse of wasteReuse of wasteReuse of waste----heatheatheatheat5. 5. 5. 5. Wind power Wind power Wind power Wind power

Solar ComplexSolar ComplexSolar ComplexSolar Complex

---- Solar Industrial ParkSolar Industrial ParkSolar Industrial ParkSolar Industrial Park---- TechnoTechnoTechnoTechno----ParkParkParkPark---- Sustainable AgricultureSustainable AgricultureSustainable AgricultureSustainable Agriculture

6. 6. 6. 6. Waste recyclingWaste recyclingWaste recyclingWaste recycling

1.1.1.1.Greening City ProjectGreening City ProjectGreening City ProjectGreening City Project

---- Implant 2 million TreesImplant 2 million TreesImplant 2 million TreesImplant 2 million Trees

2.2.2.2.Blue Sky ProjectBlue Sky ProjectBlue Sky ProjectBlue Sky Project

3. 3. 3. 3. EcoEcoEcoEco----ParkParkParkPark

Harmony with natureHarmony with natureHarmony with natureHarmony with natureToward advanced Toward advanced Toward advanced Toward advanced technotechnotechnotechno----economyeconomyeconomyeconomy

Green EnvironmentGreen EnvironmentGreen EnvironmentGreen Environment EcoEcoEcoEco----EconomyEconomyEconomyEconomy

---- LNG BUSLNG BUSLNG BUSLNG BUS

---- LPG TruckLPG TruckLPG TruckLPG Truck

---- Mass transportationMass transportationMass transportationMass transportation

River and Central CityRiver and Central City

SOAR energy technology applicationsSOAR energy technology applications

Community, industry and marketCommunity, industry and marketdevelopmentdevelopment

Urban and regional greenhouse/energy planningUrban and regional greenhouse/energy planning

Solar CitySolar City’’s scopes scope

Solar Energy Facility in SacramentoSolar Energy Facility in SacramentoSolar Energy Facility in Sacramento

RoofRoof Power PlanPower Plan

Parking AreaParking Area Zoo ParkZoo Park

Solar Heat and Photovoltaic(houses & apartment, in Germany)

Solar Heat and PhotovoltaicSolar Heat and Photovoltaic(houses & apartment, in Germany)(houses & apartment, in Germany)

Policy Research Policy Research Solar City Daegu CenterSolar City Daegu Center

NGO Network and Laws

Solar Technology CenterSolar Technology CenterRenewable and Alternative Energy TechnologyRenewable and Alternative Energy Technology

IEA Solar City ProjectIEA Solar City Project

Eco-design : Solar Building and Urban PlanEco-design : Solar Building and Urban Plan

Solar City Code Solar City Code Citizen’s Coalition for Solar City DaeguCitizen’s Coalition for Solar City Daegu

Bridge Expert, Industry and NGOBridge Expert, Industry and NGO

Specific Projects (1)Specific Projects (1)


Solar Hot Water System: 10,000 housesSolar Hot Water System: 10,000 houses

Solar Thermal SystemSolar Thermal System

Solar Heating System : 2,000 units(Houses, Buildings) 35 houses, 3 units(agriculture)

Solar Heating System : 2,000 units(Houses, Buildings) 35 houses, 3 units(agriculture)

Roof-top PV : 512 unitsRoof-top PV : 512 unitsSolar PowerSolar Power

PV Street Lights: 1,000 unitsPV Street Lights: 1,000 units

Green Village : PV, Fuel Cell, Thermal: 1 unit(50 houses)Green Village : PV, Fuel Cell, Thermal: 1 unit(50 houses)

Solar ComplexSolar ComplexSolar School: hot water, PV: 43 unitsSolar School: hot water, PV: 43 units

Solar Maeul(District): 6 unitsSolar Maeul(District): 6 units


Wind Power: 2 unitsWind Power: 2 unitsOther Renewable EnergyOther Renewable EnergyOther Renewable Energy

Small Hydraulic Power: 2 unitsSmall Hydraulic Power: 2 unitsResearch on Hydrogen VehicleResearch on Hydrogen VehicleRecovery of Waste Heat from Dyeing FactoriesRecovery of Waste Heat from Dyeing Factories

Use of RDF: 200 ton/yearUse of RDF: 200 ton/year

Energy from Solid Waste Energy from Solid Waste Energy from Solid Waste Use of LFG: 117,000m3/year(10,000 houses)Use of LFG: 117,000m3/year(10,000 houses)

Solar City Daegu’s Major Project

!! Green Village ProjectGreen Village Project!! EcoEco--complex Park Projectcomplex Park Project!! Solar Campus Project Solar Campus Project !! Solar Park ProjectSolar Park Project

Solar Park

Eco-Complex Park

Solar Campus

Green Village

Green VillageGreen Village

Green Village

Green VillageGreen Village

Land Use MapLand Use Map

" detached houses

" space: 39,450㎡㎡㎡㎡

(11,950 pyung)

Green Village Green Village

PlanPlan

PV, Solar Thermal, Hydrogen, Recycling System of Water and WastPV, Solar Thermal, Hydrogen, Recycling System of Water and Wastee

Reference Model

EcoEcoEcoEco----complex Park Project complex Park Project complex Park Project complex Park Project

PV System PV System PV System PV System 600600600600KW (4 year project)KW (4 year project)KW (4 year project)KW (4 year project)

PVPVPVPV

InverterInverterInverterInverter

MonitoringMonitoringMonitoringMonitoring

EcoEcoEcoEco----complex Park Project complex Park Project complex Park Project complex Park Project

2005 : 1802005 : 1802005 : 1802005 : 180KW 2004KW 2004KW 2004KW 2004 : 180: 180: 180: 180KW 2003KW 2003KW 2003KW 2003: 180: 180: 180: 180KW KW KW KW 2002200220022002: : : : 60606060KWKWKWKW

totaltotaltotaltotal 600600600600KWKWKWKW

Solar Park 1st Solar Park 1st Solar Park 1st Solar Park 1st ProejctProejctProejctProejct

As a part of Bongmoo Solar

park

PV stree lighting system was

established(6 units).

Solar Park 2nd projectSolar Park 2nd projectSolar Park 2nd projectSolar Park 2nd project

2222ndndndnd project(parking place)project(parking place)project(parking place)project(parking place)

200KW200KW200KW200KW

Solar Park 2nd projectSolar Park 2nd projectSolar Park 2nd projectSolar Park 2nd project

SolarSolarSolarSolar Campus Plan in KNUCampus Plan in KNUCampus Plan in KNUCampus Plan in KNU

•• importance of universityimportance of university’’s networking and clustering to s networking and clustering to

introduce solar energy and other renewable energy in city leveintroduce solar energy and other renewable energy in city level.l.

•• University is suitable place to install solar energy facility asUniversity is suitable place to install solar energy facility as

energy consumption objectenergy consumption object..

•• Installation of solar energy facility in the university and Installation of solar energy facility in the university and

education of renewable energy has influence on developmenteducation of renewable energy has influence on development

strategy to local government and private company.strategy to local government and private company.

•• In this context, In this context, ‘‘Solar Campus PlanSolar Campus Plan’’ in KNU is promoted. in KNU is promoted.

Solar thermal collectors

installed at gymnasium

Solar thermal collectors

installed at gymnasium

Library: on-grid system with 30 kW capacity. Library: on-grid system with 30 kW capacity.

Pond: waterspout (3kW on-grid system)Pond: waterspout (3kW on-grid system)

Streetlights

(stand alone systems)

Streetlights

(stand alone systems)

Green DaeguGreen DaeguRealization of Daegu VisionRealization of Daegu Vision

Global Geen Cooperation

Global Warming ResponseGlobal Warming ResponseSpecific Local EffortSpecific Local Effort

Expectation of SC Daegu Expectation of SC Daegu

Best Technology and EconomyBest Technology and Economy

Task of Local Agenda 21Task of Local Agenda 21

Globalization of DaeguGlobalization of DaeguIndustry and Citizen’s InvolvementIndustry and Citizen’s Involvement