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August 15th, 2016
Hong-Seok Kim <[email protected]>
Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System
Korea Institute of Industrial Technology
(韩国生产技术硏究院 淸净生产系统硏究所 所长 金弘锡 )
(在数码科技显著变化)
Analog vs. Digital
digitus (Latin: finger, toe) → digit (= numerals, 0~9; counting with fingers?) → digital
(Continuous) Quantities → (Discrete) Numbers, representing a physical quantity
Digital, a metaphor (隐喻)
Completely different concept from the original meaning
AnalogDigital
Digit + al
数码/數碼수마,
数字/數字,
計數(型)
Abstraction
模拟/模擬모의,
类似/類似유사,
仿真/仿眞방진,
相似(形)상사(형)
Physical World
3
Digital-ization generates data
Unified storing methods & media Analog: different methods & media for physical quantities
Easy to duplicate, erase, and edit Possible to replicate infinite times without loss and deformation
Software, tool to deal with these data according to the applications (digital tool) “Humans are omnipotent in the digital world with ‘tools’ implemented in software.”
Computer as a ‘Tool Platform’ …
< The main function of computers is changing… >
Computing Search Social
4
Technology advancement leads to social & cultural transformation
Huge amounts of data (digitized quantities) generated in all fields and digital tools
Transformations in academic research, technology and industry, and the business environment Infrastructure, methodologies, framework (the framework of thinking) …
CAD/CAM, simulation, digital communication, Internet banking … commonly used since the 1990’s
Korea actively responded to the digital paradigm shift 21 years ago
“We were late in industry, but let’s go ahead in information!”*
This campaign leads to a great success in IT manufacturing (so far).
* The Chosun Ilbo (朝鲜日报; March 5, 1995) http://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/06/16/2014061602283.html
5
* Ref.: http://content.time.com/time/interactive/0,31813,2048601,00.html
6
1. Big Data
Very large-scale data beyond the acceptable limits of size, collection and management of the processing software which has been conventionally used; (mostly) unstructured data
Implicit meaning of ‘Big Data’ Analytics
2. (Cloud) Computing
Innovations in computing power
Cloud service, GPU (Nvidia), TPU (Google) …
3. Connectivity
The world becomes hyper-connected
7
Data generate double every 2 years
2.8ZB (2012) → 40ZB (2020, 5.2TB / person)*
Note: giga (109 [~230]) < tera (1012) < peta (1015) < exa (1018) < zetta (1021, giga × tera) < yotta
(1024)…
World population: 1B (1804) → 2B (1927) → 3B (1960) → 4B (1974) → 5B (1987.7.11) → 6B
(1999.10.12) → 7B (2011.10.31) → ~ 7.43B (2016.6.26) → 8.42B (2030) → 9.96B (2060)
8
* Ref.: http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/idc-the-digital-universe-in-2020.pdf ; http://mirian.kisti.re.kr/futuremonitor/view.jsp?record_no=235704 ; http://www.worldometers.info/kr/
Cloud computing / cloud services available
Worldwide public cloud service market, $ 47.4B [~315B Yuan] (IDC, 2013)
GPUGraphics Processing Unit shipment, 12.4M (JPR, 4Q/2014)
Enabling Big Data processing and complex algorithms which have been previously impossible to realize Deep Learning …
IT giants show it possible!
Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Amazon, etc.
9
Getting more connected, the
Internet becomes the Brain
IT giants’ Connected businesses
Platform-based businesses, ecosystem
Open their resources (source code, tools, framework, etc.) to developers to create and raise an ecosystem
It’s not the age to earn money with framework and tools!
Creating new value by collecting data from a big number of connected people and connected things
10
…?
Jeffrey M. Stibel,
Wired for Thought: How the Brain
Is Shaping the Future of the
Internet
이영기역, 구글이후의세계
What are they doing with Big Data?
Big Data → (through DAData Analytics & AIArtificial Intelligence) → Knowledge system Human experiences (and domain knowledge) encoded in data → Knowledge in the digital world
This knowledge is replicable infinitely and losslessly!
Making money by the intelligent services & contents based on knowledge
Advent of the ‘AI Age’
Openness and collaboration are the important virtues.
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< Sonny & VIKIVirtual Interactive Kinesthetic Interface in the movie, “I, Robot” >
IT moves to AI
Google ‘DeepMind’ (Jan. 2014), open ‘TensorFlow’ (May 2015), ‘AlphaGO’ (March. 2016)
Baidu: AI research center in Silicon Valley, Andrew Ng signing (May 2014)
Facebook: FAIRFacebook AI Research, open ‘Torch’ (Jan. 2015)
Apple: ‘VocalIQ’ (voice), ‘Perceptio’ (smartphones) (Sep. 2015)
Microsoft Windows 10 is available in voice recognition personal assistant apply ‘Cortana’
Amazon: ‘Alexa’ and Alexa Skills Kit
12
We already live in a smart world
Smart …? Important to transform Big Data into Smart Data
Finding patterns from (big) data through data analytics based on the domain knowledge (experiences of the experts)
Smart phone, Smart home, Smart car … Getting connected, aware of users’ situations & intentions, working autonomously
Smart factories …?
Smart Factory
Smart Car
Smart Home
Smart Phone
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(韩国制造业的创新3.0)
製造業革新 3.0Strategic Moves for Manufacturing Innovation
15
National Strategic Plan for Advanced Manufacturing
Advanced Manufacturing Program
USA
High Tech Strategy 2020
Industry 4.0 (’13.4)
Germany
Factories of the Future 2020
EU
Industry Revitalization Plan
Japan
China Manufacturing 2025
China
製造業革新 3.0Implications of MI* Strategies
16
4th Industrial
Revolution
Experiences of IT & Internet Business → Manufacturing
로봇산업 중심제조혁신
Germany
System Vendor-driven
U.S.A.
Personalized Product-driven
Japan
RoboticsIndustry-driven
* Manufacturing Innovation
製造業革新 3.0State of Korea’s Manufacturing Industry
17
Mfg. Company Size & Automation Level
Rank 2010 2013 2018
1 China China China
2 India Germany India
3 Korea USA Brazil
4 USA India Germany
5 Brazil Korea USA
6 Japan Taiwan Korea
Mfg. Competitiveness
製造業革新 3.0Needs of Manufacturing Innovation Strategy
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*
Rank 2011 2012 2013
1 Korea Korea Denmark
2 Sweden Denmark Korea
3 Denmark Sweden Korea
4 Iceland Iceland Iceland
5 Finland Netherland UK
6 Netherland Norway Netherland
HighManufacturing
Share
HighICT Level
Bases ofMfg. Innovation
in Korea
* Ref.: Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft, IWD, Ausgabe 2, 2012;
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP), http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.IND.MANF.ZS
製造業革新 3.0“Manufacturing Innovation 3.0”
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Industrial Society Information Society Hyper-Connected Society
IT FocusedSmart Mfg.
(Mfg. + ICT)
(1980~) (2000~)
Manufacturing
Innovation 3.0(2014~)
Paradigm
Competitive Field
Internet
Computer
Cyber-Physical Space
Physical Production System Computer (Cyber) Production System Cyber-Physical Production System
ProductionSystem
IoT
Smart Device
Manufacturing
Focused
Industrialization Informatization Smartization
製造業革新 3.0Plans for “Manufacturing Innovation 3.0”
20
’12년도
이용기업
확대
‘Creative
Economy’
in Korea
Spread of Smart
Production
Build-up of
Innovation Infra
Creation of
New Industry
Activation of
Local Mfg. & Start-ups
Spread of smart factory
8 smart manufacturing technologies
Software enhancement in manufacturing
Investigation of advanced production facility
製造業革新 3.0Concept of ‘Smart Factory’ in Korea
21
Sh
op
Flo
or
Pro
du
ctio
n &
Pla
nn
ing
Co
ntro
l
Traditional Factory
Production Network
Smarter Objects
Component
Maker 1
Component
Maker 2
Module
Maker 1
Module
Maker 2
Internet of Services (IoS)
Internet of Things (IoT)
Manufacturing Big DataReal-time
Connection (CPS)
Optimized
Production
Inventory
Control/
Logistics
MES Equipment
Maintenance
Quality
Analysis
Smart Factory
Based on production data
Better
Automation Level
* Ref.: DFKI(Deutsche Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz), 德国人工智能研究中心; http://www.dfki.de/
製造業革新 3.0Steps of ‘Smart Factory’
22
Basic
Inter-
mediate-1
Inter-
mediate-2
Advanced
Barcodes &
RFIDs
IT technologies
(sensors & Internet)
IT technologies &
Embedded SWs
IoT & CPS
Stepwise Evolution of Smart Factory
製造業革新 3.0Spread of ‘Smart Factory’
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2015 2017 2020
Stepwise spread of Smart Factory in Korea
3 Key Areas
① Direction Constructing/Promoting factory model
② Smartization Providing customized a smarter factory
③ Infrastructure Establishing certification/standard/security
製造業革新 3.0Strategies of spreading ‘Smart Factory’
24
Model Factory
Smartization within Value Chain
Certification ∙ Standard ∙ Security
(1) Single Factory (2) Factory-to-Factory (3) Factory-to-Customer
Certification SecurityIndustrial
Standard
Human
Resource
Training
Government: Infrastructure support Industry: Spread
製造業革新 3.08 Smart Manufacturing Technologies
25
Production
System
Innovation
製造業革新 3.08 Smart Manufacturing Technologies (cont.)
26
ICT
Convergence
製造業革新 3.0Hierarchy of (8) Technologies
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Device
Network
Platform
Service
IoTSmart
Sensor3D Printing
CPSEnergy
SavingHologram
Big Data Cloud
Factory operation, control & intelligence
Flexible design & customization
製造業革新 3.0R&D Projects on ‘Smart Factory’
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‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 ‘18 ‘19 ‘20
1st Stage
Distribution
2nd Stage
Distribution
3rd Stage
Distribution
Pilot Project of
Smart Factory
Advanced Technology
for Smart Factory
(1st Stage)
Advanced Technology
for Smart Factory
(2nd Stage)
Connected Smart Factory (CSF)
(1st Stage)
Connected Smart Factory (CSF)
(2nd Stage)
Smart Factory Level
(Advanced)
(Basic)
製造業革新 3.0Advanced Technology for ‘Smart Factory’
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1st Stage :
Application
Platform
Device
Standardization
Technological Developments in Automation of Optimized Manufacturing Process Design for the Customized Production & Flexible Manufacturing
The Development of Core Technologies of Quality Advancement based on the Manufacturing Process Data
The Development of Operational Technologies for Smart Factory Applications with the Manufacturing Big Data
Factory-Thing H/W & Open IIoT Smart Factory Platform Development for the Manufacturing Industry
The Development of Data Collection/Process System for the Manufacturing & Demonstration Model of Smart Factory
Common Industry Standard Development for Promoting/Spreading Smart Factories
* Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, 2015
製造業革新 3.0Wrap-up
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Current ICT Technologies
ICT Key Technologies
ICT Advanced Technologies
Real-time production
information
Partially connected
systems
Real-time production
control
Fully Integrated system
2014 ~ 2016 2017 ~ 2018 2019 ~ 2020
Basic production
information
Heterogeneous systems
Boosting
Manufacturing
Competitiveness &
Reforming Major
Industries
1st Stage 2nd Stage 3rd Stage
