Wrap-Up Session

Asanka Abeysinghe,Prabath Siriwardena,

Ruwan Linton,Keith Chapman,

Nandika Jayawardena,Milinda Pathirage.

Summer School

Summer School

Summer School

Summer School

Agenda SOA Enterprise Architecture Patterns Use-Case #1 – MDM & EDA

Scalable SOA Use-Case #2 – Service Broker Pattern, Functional

Decomposition, Secured Subsystems, Service Encapsulation,

ESB and SOA Security in SOA

Use-Case #3 – Aggregated Data Pattern and Logical Flows

Marshups for SOA BPM and SOA

Use-Case #4 – Shared Repository, Version Identification Pattern, Compatible Change Pattern

SOA Governance Use-Case #5 – Adapters and High Performance

C++ in SOA Summary

Patterns

A generic solution for a common recurring problem.

Used it before Error proof Catalog to pick one Feel comfortable

SOA Patterns

OO Patterns

EAI Patterns

EAA Patterns

SA Patterns

Other

OO - Object-OrientedSA – Software ArchitectureEAI – Ent. Application IntegrationEAA – Ent. Application Architecture

SOA Infrastructure

Solution Building Roadmap

Requirements Business PatternsIntegration Patterns

Application Patterns

Runtime Patterns

Product Mappings

USE-Case-1 (Business Scenario)

SOA infrastructure going to implement in an environment that contains legacy systems and legacy databases that running for a long time. Existing systems are error proof and the data is valuable to make decisions.

Throw the old sys-tems away.....

NO SOA $$$$

Data ?

USE-Case-1 (Pattern Mapping)

MDM (Master Data Management) Pattern

EDA (Event Driven Architecture)

USE-Case-1 (Implementation)

MDM

USE-Case-1 (Implementation) cont..

MDM

USE-Case-1 (Implementation) cont..

MDMEDA

Scalable SOA

Web services clustering Different servers 

providing the same service

Group communication among the servers

Shared resources for the cluster

Motivation for Clustering Achieving high availability and scalability Enterprise Service Buses (ESB) 

De­facto standard for integrating autonomous entities

Could become the bottleneck in the system High availability and high scalability critical

Ability to cluster is an essential functionality for an ESB in a SOA deployment

Service hosting engines Needs to be able to plug into clusters

Scalability

Ability to   Handle growing amounts of work in a 

graceful mannerOr  Be readily enlarged

Availability

The degree to which a system, subsystem, or equipment is  Operable and in a committable state at the 

start of a mission When the mission is called for at an 

unknown

A Computer Cluster is...

A group of coupled computers that works closely together

As if they were a single computerh

State­full Session Aware Load Balancing

● Transport and SOAP session

Load Balancer

Fail­Over with LB

Load Balancer

LB and FO Groups

Load Balancer

Dynamic LB

Load Balancer

Dynamic LB (Cntd..)

Load Balancer

USE-Case-2 (Business Scenario)

A system has connected a service client and a service in P2P.System is running on production.Backend Service development team decided to bring bunch of changes to the backend service(s). Secure the backend service. Change the service contract. Bring multiple services instead of the single service.

Service Client/Frontend developersPMs, Financial dept, HR Dept

Change Again ?

USE-Case-2 (Pattern Mapping)

Service Broker Pattern with ESB Pipes and Filters

Transform Route

Trusted Subsystems Functional Decomposition Service Encapsulation

USE-Case-2 (Implementation)

Pipes and filtersRoute Trusted subsystems

USE-Case-2 (Implementation) cont..

MediationDBLookup

Pipes and filtersRoute Transform

USE-Case-2 (Implementation) cont..

Pipes and filtersRoute

USE-Case-2 (Implementation) cont..

Pipes and filtersRoute Functional decompositionService encapsulation

ESB and SOA

A common ESB definition

“Any to any data connectivity and transformation (including Web Services) built on an advanced, proven, reliable middleware infrastructure”

SOA can end up as spaghetti

• Too many point-to-point links• Multiple protocols, different qualities of service• No clear picture of all available services

An ESB can simplify SOA deployment

IntegratedRegistry/

Repository

Web-based console

VirtualizationPerf Mgmt•Load balance•ThrottleTransport matchingAccess controlMessage transformLogging and auditability

The Concentrator Pattern

.NET service

CRMservice

ApacheAxis2 service

C/C++service

Concentrator ESBConsistent access, security, logging, audit, monitoring

But no transformation

Data service

Mashup/Web ApplicationDashboard

The Federated ESB pattern

Enterprise ESBRouting, Audit

DepartmentESB

DepartmentESB

DepartmentESB

Anti-Patterns

Anti-Pattern #1 Implement all your business logic in the ESB Why not?

Mixing Infrastructure logic and Business Logic Maintainability Tooling and Skills

Anti-Pattern #2 Apply waterfall and application deployment

approaches to the ESB Long project cycles No iterative approach

Why not? Lose all flexibility and agility Once the ESB becomes a static, code-driven system

then you would be better off updating your applications

Anti-Pattern #3

“Big Brother” The ESB is hosted, managed and controlled by

a central IT team Because of organizational issues using the ESB

is complex: e.g.

It takes months of meetings to get access The Central IT team is trying to recoup the investment and

internally charges $000/year to use the ESB The central IT deployment model holds up users

Departments and divisions actually sneak behind the ESB

Set up peer-to-peer communications Avoid the ESB at all costs

The biggest Anti-Pattern of all

Use an ESB because: You heard it was a good idea The salesman told you that you need one (over a

nice dinner) You need a new TLA on your resume/CV Its an excuse to spend several months learning

and going to conferences

Security in SOA

The Concentrator Pattern

.NETservice

CRMservice

ApacheAxis2

service

C/C++service

Concentrator ESBConsistent access, security, logging, audit, monitoring

But no transformation

Dataservice

Mashup/Web ApplicationDashboard

Provides a single entry point and allows centralization of security enforcement for incoming and outgoing messages.

Helps to apply transport-level and message-level security mechanisms required for securely communicating with a Web services endpoint.

Message Interceptor Gateway Pattern

Authentication Module

Authorization Mod-ule [PEP]

Ser-vice A

Ser-vice B

Ser-vice C

LDAP

Authentication Module

Authorization Mod-ule [PEP]

Ser-vice A

Ser-vice B

Ser-vice C

LDAP

PDP

Authentication Module

Authorization Mod-ule [PEP]

Ser-vice A

Ser-vice B

Ser-vice C

LDAP

PDP

Policy Store

Authentication Module

Authorization Mod-ule [PEP]

Ser-vice A

Ser-vice B

Ser-vice C

LDAP

PDP

Policy Store

Authentication Module

Authorization Mod-ule [PEP]

Ser-vice A

Ser-vice B

Ser-vice C

LDAP

PDP

Policy Store

PAP

USE-Case-3 (Business Scenario)

ABC company got several development groups that use various Time tracking applications developed on SOA to track the effort putting for the tasks.Accounts department needs various reports from these different Systems as a single view. Some reports go through a validation process through some sub-systems and the management wants to monitor the process.

USE-Case-3 (Pattern Mapping)

Aggregated Data Pattern Logical Flows

Mashups in SOA

What is a Mashup?

A mashup is a Web site that combines content data from more than one source to create a new user expe­rience. 

Mashup Characteristics

● Situational application, consuming Web APIs

● Characteristics● Lightweight

● Customized

● Aggregates data / Composes services

● Often combines personal and public data

● Recursive?

Metcalfe's law

Metcalfe's law states that the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the sys­tem (n2).

Metcalfe's law

Metcalfe's law Adjusted...

Importance of Mashups in a SOA

● Helps bridge users to your SOA● Emails

● IM

● Feeds

● Create mock services● Helps create a prototypes quickly

● Improves Agility

BPM in SOA

What is a business process?

• A process you need to run your business!• Any well-defined interaction between

systems and people, triggered by events, using logical decision points, and with clearly defined flows

Why business process matter?

• Enterprise applications and information systems have became fundamental assets

• Enterprise information systems can improve the efficiency of businesses through automation of business processes

• To stay competitive applications must quickly and efficiently adept to changing business needs

Business Process Management

•Defining, Executing, and Monitoring Business Processes Typically long-running, stateful processes

Model

Monitor

BPM ExecuteInnovate

How does BPM fit with SOA

•Business Process Management needs to connect to ‘operations’–When processing an order, connect to the billing system and raise an invoice–When handling a problem ticket, connect to the ticket management system –Etc•These operations could be direct connection in-memory, but much more likely to be distributed•A service oriented architecture provides the best way to connect the BPM to the SOA

BPM and SOA

BPM

Long running co­ordination state

SOA

Stateless service interactions

Applications, Databases, Legacy

Persistent application state

How does BPM work?

•Model–Create a visual map of your process•Refine–Convert that visual map into an executable process•Execute–Run that process•Monitor–Use built-in capabilities of the BPM platform to monitor the state of processes

Executable business processes

•There are many approaches to executable business processes:–XPDL–BPML–YAWL–jBPM–WS-BPEL 1.1

BPEL 2.0The industry standard

WS-BPEL

• Orchestration language used to describe execution logic of Web services applications by defining their control flows and providing a way for partner services to share a common context

• With WS-BPEL, you build a business process by integrating a collection of Web services into a business process flow

Understanding the relationship between BPMN and BPEL•BPMN is like UML–Useful, especially as a higher level modeling approach–Allows formal modeling of processes by a business analyst–BPMN diagrams cannot be executed•BPMN 2.0 is looking to define a better path to execution•BPEL is like Java–Can be directly executed–Can be visualized using a graphical editor–Can be created using BPMN as a guide (refinement)–

BPEL4People model

Monitoring Processes

•A key benefit of BPM•Can range from:–Simple stats on processes–Inspect individual instances–View overall flows across a process map–Building custom business reports on specific measures•E.g. Sales / hour over the last week

USE-Case-4 (Business Scenario)

SOA development team needs to keep the metadata in a central Place, manage them version them and get ready for the changes.Same time looking to limit access to specific metadata sets.

USE-Case-4 (Pattern Mapping)

Shared repository Version identification Compatible change

SOA Governance

Governance

Categorize 

Metadata Control

Monitor

Implementation

Identify the SOA architecture Identify the governance team Pick a framework, product Iterative process

Data entry, configuration, (approach) Dry run Live run Govern your SOA infrastructure

USE-Case-5 (Business Scenario)

A C/C++ Development team wants to implement SOA application, they Will be reusing some existing Java and .Net backend services. They are more keen about the re­usability of services and performance.

USE-Case-5 (Pattern Mapping)

Adapters

C++ in SOA

Why use C++

● C++ is still widely used in the industry due to● Performance advantage of the native

code● Flexibility available from object

oriented language● Tight control over memory and CPU

Typical applications that use C++

● Applications which require high performance and the ability to handle large volumes of data● Financial Market Applications● Large E-Commerce applications● Banking Applications● Telecommunication Systems● Data Base Systems

● Applications which require tight control over memory and CPU● Operating Systems (C/C++)● Embedded Systems

A Use­Case● A legacy C++ system which has been

performing useful work for a long time. This has remained isolated while all other systems in the organization evolved and connected together.

● Need to integrate this system with other applications to use its functionality in a broader perspective.

● Options● Rewrite the system ( Costly )● Integrate using EAI ● Integrate using a native Web Services Stack

A Use­Case

. N E T

J 2 E E

J a v aC I C S

S A P

S e c u r e ,   R e l i a b l e ,   B i n a r y  W e b   S e r v i c e s

Legacy System

How to adapt a C++ Application as Web Services

Native Web Services Stack

● What would you look from a native web services stack ?● Support for Basic Web Services Standards ● Tooling for WSDL ● Portability● Performance / Low memory foot print ● Security● Ability to handle binary data● Interoperability● Asynchronous communication

Portability

● My legacy application is running on platform 'X'. Does your Web Service stack run on it ?

● It can boil down to multitude of issues● Differences in operating system versions● Differences in build tool versions, compiler

versions● Dependency problems

Performance● Performance is a broad area. Usually

Performance means response time. In another way, how many requests can the server handle per second

● However, performance depends on the system's hardware as well as load on the system

● Does the performance stay constant or does it degrade over time

● How does the performance vary with the size of the messages, load of the system

Low Memory Foot Print

● Some servers take large amount of memory just to start up

● How much memory does it require to run efficiently ( Important in embedded systems)

● Does the memory usage stay constant while handling large xml messages, large binary content

Student Lab(Practical Sessions)

Student Lab

Student Lab

Contacts

Corporate web site: http://wso2.com

Developer portal: http://wso2.org

Business development team: bizdev@wso2.com

Q & AQ & A