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Basics to Tree ID:Basics to Tree ID:
Greenbelt Forest Stewards Greenbelt Forest Stewards
Tim CulbrethTim Culbreth
Chesapeake Watershed ForesterChesapeake Watershed Forester
Maryland Forest ServiceMaryland Forest Service
[email protected]@dnr.state.md.us
TopicsTopics
• Why ID Trees?
• What is a tree?
• Different ways to identify trees
• Tree names
• Simple tree key
• Timber Products
Why Identify Trees?Why Identify Trees?
• Wildlife Habitat
Why Identify Trees?Why Identify Trees?
• Indicators of Soil Types & Conditions
Why Identify Why Identify
Trees?Trees?
Why Identify Trees?Why Identify Trees?
• Educated Land Use and Land
Management Decisions
Why Identify Trees?Why Identify Trees?
• For Your Own Satisfaction & Enjoyment
To Know What YouTo Know What You’’re Doing!re Doing!
Executive Office of the Governor of MarylandExecutive Office of the Governor of Maryland
What Is a Tree?What Is a Tree?
•• ““A woody plant which at A woody plant which at
maturity is 20 feet or more maturity is 20 feet or more
in height,with a single in height,with a single
trunk , unbranched for at trunk , unbranched for at
least several feet above least several feet above
the ground, and having the ground, and having
more or less a definite more or less a definite
crown.crown.””
Some Different Ways Some Different Ways
to Identify Treesto Identify Trees
LeavesLeaves
BarkBark
TwigsTwigs
Form or ShapeForm or Shape
FlowersFlowers
ConesCones
FruitFruit
Fall ColorFall Color
Position in LandscapePosition in Landscape
WoodWood
Tree Tree
NamesNames
What do these trees have in What do these trees have in
common?common?
•• BlueBlue--beechbeech
•• IronwoodIronwood
•• MusclewoodMusclewood
•• WaterWater--beechbeech
•• American hornbeamAmerican hornbeam
Carpinus caroliniana
Dichotomous KeyDichotomous Key
•• A series of choicesA series of choices
•• Divided into two parts Divided into two parts or classificationsor classifications
•• If not (x), then (y)If not (x), then (y)
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
Leaves: Broad or NeedleLeaves: Broad or Needle--like?like?
If Leaves Broad:
Alternate or Opposite?
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
If Leaves Opposite:If Leaves Opposite:
MAD Horse!MAD Horse!
Maple, Ash, Dogwood, Horse ChestnutMaple, Ash, Dogwood, Horse Chestnut
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
Leaf KeyLeaf KeyIf Leaves Opposite: If Leaves Opposite:
Simple or Compound?Simple or Compound?
If Leaves Alternate:
Simple or Compound?
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
If Leaves Simple:
Smooth, Toothed or Lobed?
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
If Leaves Needle-like:
Single or Bundles?
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
If Needles in Bundles:
Groups of 2, 3 or 5?
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
Scale-like leaves
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
Awl-like leaves
Leaf KeyLeaf Key
Red Oak Group
White Oak Group
Oak LeavesOak Leaves
Sugar
MapleNorway
Maple
Red
Maple
Questions?Questions?
Tim CulbrethTim Culbreth
[email protected]@dnr.state.md.us
410410--260260--85898589
