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High Efficiency Flexible Photovoltaics at Thin Film CostsHigh Efficiency Flexible Photovoltaics at Thin Film Costs

Les FritzemeierLes@Wakondatech.com

(781) 460-2200, X201

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Commodity PV Market Tightens

Efficiency at low cost is key to survival in this market

Rigid panel PV markets are

significantly over served

Silicon PV inventories are at historical highs…

…and climbing!

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While BIPV is underserved

Residential and commercial rooftops …

“… a whole new addressable market”*

> $10B possible by 2015 with a cost effective, high efficiency, flexible, integrated PV roofing solution

*Jane Palmieri, managing director Dow solar solutions

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Wakonda Virtual Single Crystal (VSC)

A low-cost flexible substrate

Crystalline semiconductor* growth

Conventional roll-to-roll processes

High performance photovoltaics, lighting and displays

*VSC platform enables III-V, II-VI and Si

semiconductor material growth

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VSC Grain Size Drives Efficiency

First Solar module

NREL champion CdTe

Optimized VSC cell

“Intrinsic” CdTe model

NREL GaAs model

Wak

onda

VS

C

Large, epitaxial grains on VSC foil:

•Boost efficiency •Provide a more robust process window•Enable doping for multiple semiconductor materials

A fundamentally different approach to flexible thin film PV

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Cumulative Module Cost < $0.75/Wp

Wakonda Flexible Module at < 50 MW capacity

$0.69/Wp

$0.49/Wp

Market-leading flexible BIPV module at > $2.00/Wp

Wak

on

da

BIP

V C

ost

A

dva

nta

ge

13% Efficiency

18% Efficiency

Substrate Production

Cell Fabrication ModuleFabrication

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Challenges and Outlook

For Wakonda and other “hard materials” companies:

• The critical challenge is to identify patient funding in the face of limited exit options

• This, too, will pass

• Expect to see accelerating clean tech materials company consolidation and innovative early stage financing