BIHAR: CULTURAL PLACE OF INDIA

PRESENTED BY :- PRASHANT SINGH

overview

Bihar – the name is derived from “Vihara” – a land of monasteries

Full form of Bihar: B-Bharat I- India H-Hindustan A-Aryavart R-Reva

Region: East India Capital: Patna (old name Patliputra) Largest City: Patna Total no. of Districts:38 Total no. of Blocks:534 Total divisions:9 Total towns: 199 Total Pancahyats:8406

Total no. of villages: 45103 Total no. of Police stations:853 Literacy: 63.82% Sex Ratio:916 Highest literacy rate: Rohtas 75.59% Lowest literacy rate: Purnia 52.49% Population:

Contd……

10,38,04,637

Upper northeast corner of India and in the southern foothills of the Himalaya Mountain Range, touching Nepal

One of the most notable features of Bihar is its location in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

This plain is very fertile, making it ideal for an agrarian society.

Area- 94163 km2

Area rank- 13th

Geography

Bihar- Ancient India Magadha Kingdom (capital – Rajagriha or

Rajgir) ….. Jarasandh

Ancient Bihar – Magadha (capital- Pataliputra), was the center of power, learning, and culture in India for 1000 years

Land of Mauryan empire (321-185 BC; India’s first empire) , Buddhism & Jainism – religion & revolution

Contd… First known republics in the world, Licchavi,

existed in the region.

Lord Mahavira - born at Vaishali - attained nirvana at Pawapuri, near Rajgir (599–527 BCE)

Enlightenment – Prince Siddhartha Gautama becomes Buddha – under Bodhi (pipal) tree, in Bodh Gaya

Golden age of India Gupta Empire (320-550 CE) - Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta

II, Kalidasa, Aryabhata, Varahamihira, Vishnu Sharma and Vatsyayana

The time of the Gupta Empire was an "Indian Golden Age" in Indian science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion and philosophy

Kalidasa writing The Cloud Messenger

Ashoka the Great

“In the history of the world there have been thousands of kings and emperors who called themselves 'their highnesses,' 'their majesties,' and 'their exalted majesties' and so on. They shone for a brief moment, and as quickly disappeared. But Ashoka shines and shines brightly like a bright star, even unto this day.” --- H.G. Wells

View of the Pillar at Vaishali

Pre and Post Independence

Babu Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur as well as countless other persons from Bihar, contributed to the India's First War of Independence/ Sepoy Mutiny (1857).

• It was from Bihar that Mahatma Gandhi launched his pioneering civil-disobedience movement, Champaran Satyagraha.

• Jayaprakash Narayan (JP or Loknayak) – Indian independence activist and political leader, remembered especially for successfully leading the opposition to Emergency (Indira Gandhi) in the 1970s and for giving a call for peaceful Total Revolution

The polity of Bihar

First Chief Minister: Krishna singh Governor: Ram Nath Kovind Chief Minister: Mr Nitish Kumar Legislature: Legislative assembly- 243

Legislative council- 25 Parliamentary constituency: 40 High court- Patna Currently two political formations- JDU and BJP Three parties comes together in this 2015 election (JDU,RJD and

Congress) And in against of these BJP joined with LSP and HAM

Polity (cont’d) 1990-1997 – Lalu Prasad Yadav - Good start (lots of promises)

- Corruption charges forced his resignation but anointed his wife CM (Puppet CM) - 1997-2005 (Rabri Devi) further deterioration of administration - Voted out of power in 2005

The state of Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar in the year 2000

2005- till now – Nitish Kumar - Hope, law & order improvement - Good work: agriculture, education, industry, corruption control, infrastructure - On right track (so far) …..

Famous PersonalitiesAncient Aryabhata Ashoka Chanakya Chandragupta Maurya Gonu Jha Guru Gobind Singh Samudragupta Sher Shah Suri Vātsyāyana Veer Kunwar Singh

Nationalists and independence activists

Babu Kunwar Singh

Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Jagjivan Ram Satyendra Narayan Singh Mulana Mazharul Haque Jayaprakash Narayan

Rishi Shushrut, the father of surgery

Contd…..

Writers and scholars Ram Sharan Sharma

Phanishwar Nath Renu Ramjee Singh Ramesh Chandra Jha Acharya Shivpujan Sahay George Orwell Valmiki wrote Ramayan, the greatest

Epic of World.

Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar'

National/ International Award Winners Bidhan Chandra Roy Dr. Rajendra Prasad Jayaprakash Narayan Bismillah Khan

Contd….

President Dr. Rajendra Prasad Sir Anerood Jugnauth Parmanand Jha

Prime Minister Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Sir Anerood Jugnauth Navin Ramgoolam Girija Prasad Koirala

Film Directors Imtiaz Ali Manish Vatsalya Prakash Jha

Actors Sushant Singh Rajput Shatrughan Sinha Manoj Bajpai Sanjay Mishra (actor) Shekhar Suman Rajesh Kumar (actor)

Contd…….

Actress Neha Sharma Sonakshi Sinha Poonam Sinha Sandali Sinha Shilpa Shukla Ratan Rajput

Singers

Daler Mehndi Sharda Sinha Manoj Tiwari Aditya Narayan Mika Singh

Religion Mahavira Gautama Buddha Guru Gobind Singh

Mathematics and science

Rajit Gadh Vashishtha Narayan Singh Aryabhatt(discover decimal and

zero), the great ancientmathematician

Contd…..

Business

Anil Agarwal, (Vedanta Group) Arunabh_Kumar, (CEO of TheViralFever) Aditya Jha Sanjay Jha Subrata Roy, (Sahara Group) Anil Sharma, [Amrapali Group] Prabhakant Sinha, (Co-Founder, ZS Associates) Samprada Singh

Famous tourist destinations

Patna Gaya Bodh Gaya Rajgir Bhagalpur Sonpur Vaishali

Gaya Gaya: ancient Hindu city Pitra Tarpan mela – The ritual of offering oblations of

water to our ancestors is referred to as Pitra Tarpan Gaya derives its name from the mythological demon

Gayasur

Bodhgaya Near the holy city of Gaya, the Buddha attained enlightenment.

The tree that had sheltered him came to be known as the Bodhi tree and the place Bodhgaya.

Today Bodhgaya, an important place of pilgrimage, has a number of monasteries, some of them established by Buddhists of Japan, Thailand, Myanmar, Sri Lanka etc.

Vaishali was an important centre of trade and commerce in ancient times. There are two stupas in Vaishali, which, according to Buddhist literature, enshrined Lord Buddha’s ashes.Places to visits:

Budha Stupa-I Ashokan Pillar Budha Stupa-II Bawan Pokhar Temple Abhiskek Pushkarn Peace Pagoda or Shanti Stupa Fort of King Vishal

Vaishali Tourist Attractions

Golghar

Har Mandir Takht – One Of The Four Sacred Shrines Of The Sikhs

City of Patna

Mahatma Gandhi Setu – One of the longest river bridges in the world

Patna Museum

Sonpur fair

The Sonepur cattle fair - the largest cattle fair in Asia - is a month long event starting approximately half a month after Deepawali.

It is held on the banks of the Gandak River in the town of Sonpur

Chandragupta Maurya used to buy elephants and horses across the river ganges

Between 4-6 million people visits this fair.

Many farm animals can be bought at the Sonpur mela from all breeds of dogs, buffaloes, donkeys, Persian horses, rabbits, goats and even the occasional camel.

The Sonpur Fair is the only place where such a large number of elephants are traded.

Rajgir just 15 kms from Nalanda is located the complex of temples and

It is one of the most important tourist places in India. Being located in a valley, Rajgir is a very scenic place.

This place has been associated with Lord Buddha and Buddhism. Buddha not only spent many years in Rajgir but also delivered sermons here and proselytized emperor Bimbisar at the Griddhakoota hill.

rajgir tourism

Paintings of Mithila Madhubani painting is a style of Indian painting

practiced in the Mithila region of Bihar.

Tradition states that this style of painting originated at the time of the Ramayana, when King Janak commissioned artists to do paintings at the time of marriage of his daughter, Sita, to Lord Ram

Ganga Aarti at Gandhi Ghat in Patna

Ganga Aarti is a Spectacular Hindu Ritual that takes place on the Bank of River Ganga at Gandhi Ghat in Patna.

In order to have the best glimpse of Ganga Aarti, tourists hires a  Boat or view it from MV Ganga Vihar, the floating restaurant.

Main Festivals

Chhath - Worship of Sun God

Teej - Worship of Goddess Parvati

Shravani mela (Baidyanathdham) - Worship of Shiva - Pilgrims, known as Kanwarias, wear saffron colored clothes - collect water from a sacred Ghat at Sultanganj - walk the 108 km stretch barefooted to the town of Deoghar to bathe a sacred Shiva Linga

The Goddess who is worshipped during the famous Chhath Puja is known as Chhathi Maiya.

Chhathi Maiya is known as Usha in the Vedas.

She is believed to be the consort of Surya, the sun god.

Chhath-Worship of Sun God

Education Historically, Bihar has been a major centre of learning, home to the ancient universities of Naland

(established in 450 CE) and Vikramshild (established in 783 AD).

After independence Bihar lost the pace in terms of establishing a centre of education. Modern Bihar has inadequate educational infrastructure creating a huge mismatch between demand and supply

Revival: Science College, BIT Mesra, IIT, NIT, NIFT Patna, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences; Chanakya National Law University a law university and Chandragupt Institute of Management a management institute was established in later half of 2008.

The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Patna may become functional by September 2012

All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna (AIIMS Patna) is a medical college

and medical research public university based in Patna, Bihar, India.

AIIMS Patna is spread over 134 acre ,comprising the main medical college campus on 100 acres and residential campus on 34 acre.

The AIIMS, near Walmi institute at Phulwari Sharif, Patna started operating on 25 September 2012

Super 30 is an Indian educational program that started in Patna, Bihar, India under the banner of 'Ramanujan School of Mathematics', by Anand Kumar.

Super 30

Established in 2002, the program selects 30 meritorious and talented candidates each year from economically backward sections of society and trains them for the IIT-JEE, the entrance examination for Indian Institute of Technology

Time Magazine has selected mathematician Anand Kumar's school - Super 30 - in the list of Best of Asia 2010

Super 30 received praise from United States President Barack Obama's special envoy Rashad Hussain, who termed it the “best” institute in the country

crime rate in Bihar is half ofcrime rate in Mumbai

Rape in Bihar is less as compared to Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan

Bihar is only large state where nofarmer committed suicide.

Bihar has produced more number of IAS officer than Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra and Gujarat combined.

Is it true what others talks about bihar??

The village came in limelight in 2010, when it was reported that the families plant a minimum of 10 trees, whenever a girl child is born.

The tree-planting had been going on for generations, by 2010, the village with a population of 7,000, had over 100,000 trees, mostly of mango and lychee.

Dharhara, Bhagalpur

Tree plantations

shopping malls in bihar Amrapali Mall

U B Tower

The Grand Mall

Dwarika City Center

DRB Palace

P&M Mall

Vasundhara Metro Mall The Mall

Shatabdi Mall

Patna One Mall(Meridian mall)

GV Mall

Gardenia Gravity City Centre Patna

JD Mall

P Mall

FM-2 Mall

Lakhan Mall

Bailey Square

Patna Central

Vaishali Mall

UFO Mall

Ashok Mall

Cinekrishna

SWOT Analysis

Great cultural and historical legacy. Rich heritage and great potential for

tourism Cultural artifacts and global appeal of its

legacy. Diligent, smart and intelligent and

competent human capital. Highly passionate, young dynamic, never

say die attitude gives Biharis the winning edge.

Global presence of Bihari Diaspora across the globe and great support groups of NRB’s. Biharis are highly successful in all walks of life.

Highly fertile land and organized agricultural sector.

Lack of proper infrastructure like power, road and health services.

Low employment opportunities and heavy dependence on agrarian sector.

High rate of crime , violence and governance issues.

Negative bias of media and lack of support from all quarters.

Low on human development index. Society divided on the basis of caste,

region and feudal mindset. Casual approach towards the Brand

Bihar ,self serving bias due to which Biharis fail to act collectively for the cause of state.

Strengths WeaknessWeaknesses

SWOT analysis

Apathy of institutions and central govt towards the cause of the state.

Law and order situation and kidnapping menace.

Social division and political intervention in every sphere of society.

High expectations and dependence on govt. institutions for making any change initiative.Negative bias of media and history of neglect.Unlike other states with similar problems Bihar has been slow to respond to external and internal challenges.

Opportunities ThreatsA new sense of pride and Bihari sub nationalism among Biharis across the world.Brain drain in the past , the talent which has gone out of the state wants to give it back.NRB’s are willing to invest and contribute in the revival process.

Has high credit ratios and untapped human capital, if utilized in Bihar it can change the fortunes of Bihar.

High expectations and dependence on govt. institutions for making any change initiative.

Global tourism potential as its know as the land of Buddha and Ashoka.

Has great products like Madhubani painting and kamasutra which Can be marketed in a big bang way to the developed countries .

Threats

Potential for Agro and Food Processing

Paddy: 50 lacs MT produced in an area of 40 lacs Ha

Maize: 20 lacs MT produced in an area of 7 lacs Ha

Vegetables: Third largest producer, approx 130 Lacs MT

Fruits: Seventh Largest produces, approx 30 lacs MT

Unique products: Litchi and Makhana

Opportunities for rice-based industries

Modern Rice Mills Some famous fine varieties: Katarani, Sona Chood Thriving milling industry in Rohtas, Buxar, Kaimur, Aurangabad,

Bhojpur Bihar is one of the largest markets for milled rice Current milling capacity in the state not enough to meet the

demand

Husk Based Power Plants Large quantity of Paddy production Productivity of Bhabhua one of the highest in India – 3.11t/ha

Fruits & Vegetable Based Processing

Litchi Processing Bihar produces 75% of the litchi in the country Highly perishable fruit, processing center should be close to

production Shahi litchi flavour is absent outside the Muzaffarpur litchi cluster Only 5000 MT of processing capacity in Bihar, not even 5 % of

estimated production Litchi producing area well connected by road and rail

Other Fruits and Vegetable Processing Banana ripening and processing: About 10 lacs MT production in

Vaishali and Bhagalpur region Makhana: 20, 000 MT of production in districts like Darbhanga,

Madhubani, Purnea and Katihar