44http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/michaelasanda-1449933-bishapur4/

Bishapur city was founded in 266 by Shapur I (241-272), the second Sassanid king. Outside the city, Shapur decorated the sides of the Bishapur River gorge with huge historical reliefs commemorating his triple triumph over Rome. Later monuments include reliefs V (investiture of Bahram I), IV (an Arabian embassy to Bahram II), and VI (victory of Shapur II).The fifth Sasanian rock relief at Bishapur -chronologically, the fourth- is a classical representation of an investiture, this time of king Bahram I (273-296). There is a close parallel to the relief of the Investiture of Ardašir I at Naqš-i Rustam and the Investiture of Shapur I at Naqš-i Rajab.

Bishapur a fost întemeiat în anul 266 de Shapur I (241-272), al doilea rege Sassanid. În provincia sa natală, Fars, el a construit o nouă capitală, pe măsura ambiţiei sale: Bishapur, oraşul lui Shapur. Lângă oraş, comemorând tripla victorie asupra Romanilor, a dispussculptarea a trei basoreliefuri în stâncile din cheile râului Shapur, cărora li s-au adăugat ulterior încă trei. Cel de al cincilea basorelief, reprezintă încoronarea regelui Bahram I (273-296), foarte asemănător cu basorelieful de la Naqš-i Rustam.

The river Shapur and the Tang-e Chowgan gorge

Imagine internetAs the name indicates, the city was founded by king Shapur (241-272). Later monuments include reliefs V (investiture of Bahram I), IV (an Arabian embassy to Bahram II), and VI (victory of Shapur II).

The fifth Sasanian rock relief at Bishapur is a classical representation of an investiture, this time of king Bahram I (273-296). The scene is typical.

Cel de al cincilea basorelief de la Bishapur este o reprezentare clasică a încoronării regelui Bahram I (273-296)

From the left, the supreme god Ahuramazda approaches the king and gives him the ring of power, the cydaris. There is a diadem tied to it. To the right, we see Bahram accepting the cydaris.

Din partea stângă Zeul suprem Ahura Mazda se apropie de rege şi îi oferă inelul puterii, cydaris. Este şi o diademă legată de el. În dreapta regele acceptă cydaris-ul

Bahram's reign was the beginning of an era of Sasanian weakness. Under Shapur I, the Persians had defeated the armies of Rome, but in 283, the emperor Carus invaded Mesopotamia and even captured the important city Ctesiphon.Immediately after Bahram's dead, the Persians ceded territories in the west to buy peace. It comes as a surprise, therefore, to see Bahram represented as a conqueror, with a defeated enemy underneath his horse.

Domnia lui Bahram a marcat începutul decăderii Imperiului Sasanid. Sub Shapur I perşii au învins armatele romane, dar în anul 283 împăratul Carus a invadat Mesopotamia şi a cucerit oraşul Ctesifon. Imediat după moartea lui Bahram perşii au cedat teritorii în vest pentru a cumpăra pacea.Pare surprinzător să-l vezi pe regele Bahram în postură de învingător, reprezentat cu un duşman sub copitele calului

However, it is likely that the dead man did not belong to the original design. A likely explanation is that that king Narseh (293-303) added the figure of the defeated enemy after a victory in the east; he certainly added an inscription to the orginal monument.

Totuşi este foarte probabil că duşmanul mort nu face parte din monumentul original. O explicaţie plauzibilă este că a fost adăugat de regele Narseh (293-303), după o victorie în est, când a adăugat cu siguranţă şi o inscripţie

Like two other monuments on the north bank of the Tang-e Chowgan, the fifth relief is also damaged by the aqueduct that used to be there. It was removed in the 1970s.

Asemeni altor două basoreliefuri de pe malul sudic şi acesta a fost grav afectat de viaductul care a fost construit aici (demontat în 1970)

Tazi (Persian-Arab) (Asil) Horse

It is said that origin of Arab horse is Persia. In Iran they call this breed az Asil, Tazi or Arab Horse. Like about the Tazi dogs, the word Tazi in farsi has 2 different means: (Arab and Galloping), and it's sure that what they mean about these 2 animals is a dog or a horse that gallops. But in the world and specially in Western countries people call this breed as Arab Horse.

This Horse Arab is known as the most beautiful and famous horse in the world which in actually it is the father of all oriental or hot- blooded horses. Asil Horse divides to some strains that the most important of them are: Kehilan, Hamdani, Saglavi, Obyan, and Hadban.

The sixth and youngest Sasanian rock relief in the Tang-e Chowgan gorge near Bishapur was made for the Sasanian king Shapur II (309-379) and shows the suppression of a revolt. It is made comparatively high on the rocks, and therefore remained undamaged by the aqueduct that was later added.

Cel de al şaselea şi cel mai recent relief Sasanid din defileul Tang-e Chowgan de lângă Bishapur a fost făcut pentru regele Shapur al II-lea (309-379), şi arată înăbuşirea unei revolte. Fiind realizat la o înălţime mai mare a rămas neafectat de instalarea ulterioară a apeductului.

The relief has two registers. The king is sitting on his throne in the center of the upper register, his hand on his sword. From the right, soldiers come closer. They bring prisoners, among which Iranian noblemen can be recognized.

Relieful are două registre. în centrul registrului superior regele este aşezat pe tron, cu mâna pe sabie. Din dreapta se apropie soldaţii. Ei aduc prizonieri, printre care poate fi recunoscut un nobil iranian.

In the lowe register, someone is offering the head of a decapitated enemy. There's also an elephant, which suggests that Shapur's victory was won in one of the eastern parts of the Sasanian Empire.

În registrul inferior cineva îi oferă capul unui inamic decapitat. Există, de asemenea, un elefant, care sugerează că victoria lui Shapur a fost avut loc într-una din părţile de răsărit ale Imperiului

From the left, courtiers and relatives approach the king, making a gesture of admiration with their right fist and a pointed index finger. (This gesture can be seen on many Sasanian rock reliefs, and is still made by Bakhtiari nomads.)

Relief II

Relief VI

Text : Internet

Pictures: Sanda Foi oreanuş

Nicoleta LeuCopyright: All the images belong to their authors

Arangement: Sanda Foi oreanuşwww.slideshare.net/michaelasandaSound: Jalal Zolfonoun - Peivand (Shur & Dashti)

Capture of Roman Emperor Valerian by Sasanian (Persian) Emperor Shapur I

The Sāsānian empire at the time of Shāpūr I (Encyclopædia Britannica)