Spanish is an official language in 20 sovereign states and one

dependent entity, totaling around 423 million people

CountryPopulation (2011)[1]

 Spain[2] 46,754,784

 Colombia[3] 44,725,543

 Peru[4] 29,248,943

 Venezuela[5] 27,635,743

 Ecuador[6] 15,007,343

 Guatemala[7] 13,824,463

 Cuba[8] 11,087,330

 Bolivia[9] 10,118,683

 Honduras[10] 8,143,564

 Paraguay[11] 6,459,058

 El Salvador[12] 6,071,774

 Costa Rica[13] 4,576,562

 Panama[14] 3,460,462

 Equatorial Guinea[15]

668,225

CountryPopulation (2011)[1]

 Mexico[17] 113,724,226

 Argentina[18] 41,769,726

 Chile[19] 16,888,760

 Dominican Republic[20]

9,956,648

 Nicaragua[21] 5,666,301

 Uruguay[22] 3,308,535

Why Colombia Why Colombia

Tushar Shah; May 2012 Tushar Shah; May 2012

Outlines Outlines

Colombia : Myths, images & realityColombia : Myths, images & reality Bogota : Candeleria, City , Salt CathedralBogota : Candeleria, City , Salt Cathedral

• TransMellenium and BART TransMellenium and BART Valle de Cocora; Salentro Medellin: “The city of eternal Spring”

Betero: Scultptures and Pictures Tayona National Park Cartagenea ; Roasario Island References : Personal & External

Colombia Colombia

In 2002, President Urbie addressed the problem and pushed Guerillas to Remote Areas

• National parks

• Art galleries

• Museums • Colonial

towns • Ancient

Churches

The ..real reasons The ..real reasons

Map of Colombia!Map of Colombia!

Bogotá, ColombiaBogotá, Colombia

1)Bogotá,

2)Pereira

3) Medellin

Colombia’s History!Colombia’s History!OverviewOverview

The most advanced of the Pre-Columbian indigenous groups were the Tayronas,

Colombia was among the three countries that formed due Colombia was among the three countries that formed due to the fall of Gran Colombia in 1830. to the fall of Gran Colombia in 1830.

Colombia’s flag shares major similarities between the Colombia’s flag shares major similarities between the Ecuadorian and Venezuelan flags, because their flags Ecuadorian and Venezuelan flags, because their flags colors and symbols were all derived from Gran Columbia’s colors and symbols were all derived from Gran Columbia’s

flag. flag. (Right.)(Right.) Gran Colombia’s real name was Colombia, Gran Colombia’s real name was Colombia,

but because it comprised of three but because it comprised of three countries and one province, countries and one province, (Panama) (Panama)

Colombia was called Great Colombia. Colombia was called Great Colombia.

Modern Colombia Modern Colombia In 1899 a liberal revolt against a resolutely

conservative government turned into the War of a Thousand Days

During the next couple of decades, disputes ensued over Panama, Leticia (Peru returned)

Decades later began one of Colombia’s darkest periods, known as ‘La Violencia”

1948, socialist mayor Jorge Eliécer Gaitán was assassinated. Yhe riot finally subsided when, in 1957.

Formation of guerrilla movements, M19 , FARC 1982, Gabriel García Márquez  gets Nobel prixe During the presidential reigns of both Uribe (2002-

2010) and Santos (2010 - present) police and military pressure on groups such as the FARC has increased

April 29 2012 Tushar Visits Colombia ..

CapitalCapital: Bogotá : Bogotá

Location: Location: Northern South America, between PanamaNorthern South America, between Panama and Venezuela.and Venezuela.

PopulationPopulation: 45,013,672: 45,013,672 *July 2008 *July 2008

ReligionsReligions: : 90% Roman Catholic, 10% Other90% Roman Catholic, 10% Other

Natural Resources: Natural Resources: Petroleum, coal, iron ore, Petroleum, coal, iron ore, emeralds, nickel, hydropower, copper, natural emeralds, nickel, hydropower, copper, natural gas, & gold.gas, & gold.

ClimateClimate: Tropical along eastern plains and the coast, : Tropical along eastern plains and the coast, but cooler in the highlands. but cooler in the highlands.

Language: Language: SpanishSpanish

Demographic InformationDemographic Information Of

AMO ESTA TIERRA

DEDICADO A TODA LA GENTE COLOMBIA

Tushar Shah

Plaza de Bolívar - Bogotá

Catedral de Bogotá

Restaurante en Monserrate - Bogotá

Bogotá – Centro – Estación Transmilenio

•Monserrate - Bogotá

Calle de Bogotá

The town of La Candelaria in Bogota is the historical and cultural heart of the city. Since its start in the business of the city and moved down the hill to the north, the

colonial architecture was maintained intact. The historic

center of Bogota is one of the best preserved in Latin America

.

Bogotá: A Model of Urban Bogotá: A Model of Urban HappinessHappiness

Where is Bogotá? What is urban happiness?

Inspired LeadershipInspired Leadership Former mayor Enrique Peñalosa Former mayor Enrique Peñalosa

transformed Bogotá.transformed Bogotá. once corrupt, crime-once corrupt, crime-infestedinfested, polluted, and , polluted, and

congestedcongested now stands as a model for the development of now stands as a model for the development of

urban happiness urban happiness

What changes do you think Peñalosa made?

Mayor’sMayor’s Comprehensive Comprehensive PoliciesPolicies

• limited automobile usagelimited automobile usage• emphasis on public emphasis on public transittransit, parks, bike , parks, bike

paths, and public spacespaths, and public spaces

How might citizens benefit from limited automobile usage? Can you think of any possible disadvantages?

Happiness EconomicsHappiness Economics• The mayor’s decision was based on the The mayor’s decision was based on the

principles of happiness economics. principles of happiness economics. A population’s level of happiness A population’s level of happiness is a greater measure of is a greater measure of success than success than per capita per capita income or the strength income or the strength of national of national currencycurrency..

In your opinion, what makes people happy?

Principles of Happiness Principles of Happiness EconomicsEconomics

• sense of safety through trust and positive sense of safety through trust and positive interactioninteraction Peñalosa created world’s longest pedestrian walkwayPeñalosa created world’s longest pedestrian walkway Freeways are closed every Sunday: two million Freeways are closed every Sunday: two million

people interact in a huge festival. people interact in a huge festival. • sense of equality sense of equality Income gaps create unhappiness for the poor. Income gaps create unhappiness for the poor. Mayor organized free concerts and firework displays Mayor organized free concerts and firework displays

accessible accessible to rich and poor.to rich and poor. instituted instituted bike pathways so bike pathways so cyclistscyclists (poorest (poorest sectorsector

of the population) feel sense of of the population) feel sense of entitlemententitlement

Explain how Peñalosa created a sense of safety and equality for his citizens.

Equality in TransportationEquality in Transportation• Peñalosa put money into TransMileno.Peñalosa put money into TransMileno.

rapid rapid transit transit bus system with bus system with dedicateddedicated bus bus laneslanes

minimal investment minimal investment cuts emissions cuts emissions transports more thantransports more thanone million people one million people per dayper day

Describe the transit system in your city.

Sanctions on Driving Sanctions on Driving • Instead of building huge network of Instead of building huge network of

elevated freeways elevated freeways imposed imposed sanctions on driving during rush hour.sanctions on driving during rush hour. bannedbanned parking on sidewalks. parking on sidewalks. instigated a car-free day.instigated a car-free day. leviedlevied a gas tax. a gas tax.

Do you think sanctions should be placed on driving in your city?

People over CarsPeople over Cars• developed public spaces, parks, libraries, developed public spaces, parks, libraries,

and schoolsand schools• supplied running water supplied running water for the poorfor the poor• trees planted in trees planted in marginalmarginalneighborhoodsneighborhoods

Do you agree or disagree with the policies implemented by Peñalosa?

Peñalosa:Peñalosa: A VisionaryA Visionary changed the changed the mindsetmindset of a city of a city

improved crime and poverty rates and traffic improved crime and poverty rates and traffic congestioncongestion

created a sense of pride, self-esteem, and created a sense of pride, self-esteem, and belongingbelonging

qualitative qualitative difference over timedifference over time

What is a visionary? How was Peñalosa a visionary?

Complete TurnaroundComplete Turnaround People People abandonedabandoned pessimistic outlooks. pessimistic outlooks. They now feel a sense of pride. They now feel a sense of pride.

Bogotá prioritizes social interaction and socio-Bogotá prioritizes social interaction and socio-economic equality.economic equality.

Murder rates and automobile Murder rates and automobile fatalitiesfatalities are down. are down.

Do you feel a sense of pride about your city or country? .

Mayor Changes AttitudesMayor Changes Attitudes• Peñalosa Peñalosa sought sought to change negative to change negative

attitudes about the cool, rainy weather.attitudes about the cool, rainy weather. Climate is due to Bogotá being located on an Climate is due to Bogotá being located on an

elevated elevated plateauplateau..

• New slogan: Bogotá: 2,600 meters closer to New slogan: Bogotá: 2,600 meters closer to the stars!the stars!

Describe how the mayor transformed Bogotá using the principles of happiness economics.

MEDELLINMEDELLIN

Estación del Metro en Medellín

Metro de Medellín

Metrocable Nuevo Occidente

Audio “La gota fría” vallenato colombiano

He is a painter, sculptor and draftsman Colombian born on April 19, 1932 in Medellin (Antioquia)..

Considered living artist originally from Latin America's most recognized and quoted in the world today. Universal icon art, extensive work is recognized by children and adults alike everywhere. His original style has been called Boterismo that within the art scene could be called figurative expressionism "disproportionate", a kind of genial surrealism..

Santa Marta

Playas en Santa Marta

Santa Marta - Parque Tayrona

Botes de Pescadores - Santa Marta

Cartagena is one of the most recognized cities in Cartagena is one of the most recognized cities in Latin America, for its charming colonial style located Latin America, for its charming colonial style located in the Colombian Caribbean.in the Colombian Caribbean.

It has easy access, whether by air, land or sea is It has easy access, whether by air, land or sea is visited every year by thousands of tourists who find visited every year by thousands of tourists who find it the perfect place to relax or workit the perfect place to relax or work. This is where . This is where summit of Americas -2012 happened . summit of Americas -2012 happened .

Here you can stroll through the historic Castillo de Here you can stroll through the historic Castillo de San Felipe, buy crafts in The Vaults, visit the San Felipe, buy crafts in The Vaults, visit the Monastery of La Popa and enjoy the view of the city, Monastery of La Popa and enjoy the view of the city, visit the Museum Palace of the Inquisition, enjoy the visit the Museum Palace of the Inquisition, enjoy the Caribbean charm in Rosario Islands, wander in the Caribbean charm in Rosario Islands, wander in the walled center in Chiava or fooy, and enjoy a walled center in Chiava or fooy, and enjoy a romantic dinner in a historic town square. romantic dinner in a historic town square. c.c.

Also, enjoy the sun on the beach, daytime walks Also, enjoy the sun on the beach, daytime walks around its history, romantic sunsets and nights of around its history, romantic sunsets and nights of rumba that blend old and newrumba that blend old and new..

Colombian Reference Colombian Reference Colombia's official tourism site http://travelcolombiadirect.com/ http://www.colombia.travel/en/

off2colombia Columbia History, Politics , culture http://www.colombia-politics.com/ http://off2colombia.com/destination-colombia/about-colombia/

history-of-colombia http://off2colombia.com/modern-colombian-history Colombian American 

Persoanl http://tusharinamericas.blogspot.com/http://tusharinamericas.blogspot.com/

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