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Early Cold War

Cold War In Asia

CW in theMiddle East

CW in Latin

America

The Thaw/Fall of USSR

_________ is a state of diplomatic hostility

between two superpowers, in this case the US/USSR. These two superpowers will never

actually fight each other.

Cold War

______________ are technically independent, but under close control from the Soviet Union.

They are also communist and have the same policies

as the USSR.

Satellite Nations

The _______________ is a metaphor for the divide between democratic

western Europe and communist eastern Europe. This saying and the

speech Winston Churchill made became a symbol for the break down in relations between the US/western

Europe and the USSR/eastern Europe.

Iron Curtain

Why did the Soviets blockade the Western

portion of Berlin in 1948? How was the situation resolved?

-Tension over the future of Germany (To reunify or not to reunify? That is the question.)-Anger over France, Britain, and the US treating their zones as one economic entity and introducing a new currency into their zones to assist the economy. -Western allies organized an airlift of supplies to Berlin. Over time, the Soviets realized that the Allies would not give in and lifted the blockade.

What are the Truman Doctrine

and Marshall Plan? What Cold War

policy are they an example of?

-The Truman Doctrine was his plan stating that the United States would provide “support” to countries that were not communist or were resisting communism.-The Marshall Plan said the United States would provide food, machines, and other necessities for countries that were struggling after WW2.-Containment: policies meant the US tried to create alliances with countries against the Soviet Union and tried to stop countries from becoming communist.

He is the current leader of North Korea.

Kim Jung-Un

This is the idea that if a nation falls under

Communist control, nearby nations will also fall under Communist

control.

Domino Theory

_______________________was a communist revolutionary leader who was prime minister (1945-

1955) and president (1945-1969) of North Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh

________________ was an anti-communist leader of

South Vietnam (1955-1963). He was very

unpopular with the people and was eventually

overthrown and killed.

Ngo Dinh Diem

What was the outcome of the Korean War? The

Vietnam War?

Korean War-A ceasefire was signed.-North & South Korea officially became two separate countries.

Vietnam War-The US was forced to withdraw from Vietnam.-Soon after, the North overran the South. Vietnam became a communist country.

Define secular.

Concerned with worldly rather than

spiritual matters. Non-religious.

Secular leader of Iran prior to the

Iranian Revolution.

Shah Reza Muhammad

Pahlavi

Who is Ayatollah Khomeini?

Religious leader who later became leader of Iran after the overthrow of the Shah

during the Iranian Revolution.

Why did the Soviets invade Afghanistan?

-In the 1970s, a Muslim revolt threatened to topple the communist regime in Afghanistan.-In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded hoping to prevent this.

What was the outcome of the

Soviet-Afghan War? (Who won? Impact?)

-The Soviets began to realize their struggle was futile, and by 1989, they pulled out the last of their troops in Afghanistan.-Afghanistan was left without a stable government, and the Soviet Union was greatly weakened.

___________ was a Communist revolutionary

who became leader of Cuba after the overthrow

of Fulgencio Batista.

Fidel Castro

_____________ was US President during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

JFK

What was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

Invasion planned by the CIA. Anti-Castro Cuban exiles

living in US were trained to invade Cuba. Their end goal was to overthrow Castro. It

was a massive failure.

What sparked the Cuban Missile Crisis?

-In 1962, the USSR constructed 42 missile sites in Cuba. These missiles could be used against the US.-The US (who had missiles in Turkey that could shoot at the USSR) wanted the USSR to take their missiles out.-Khrushchev refused & the US prepared for war.

What was the outcome of the

Cuban Missile Crisis? How did this event

impact the US/USSR/Cuba?

Outcome-Khrushchev backs down and agrees to remove the missiles if the US agrees not to invade Cuba.In a separate deal, Kennedy agreed to remove US missiles from Turkey.This deal was kept secret for over 25 years.-US and USSR establish an emergency hotline to increase communication.

Impact-Kennedy/US came out of the crisis looking stronger than the USSR.-Khrushchev will be replaced by Brezhnev shortly after the crisis.-Cuba’s relationship with the US will be forever damaged, and Cuba will become dependent on the Soviets for support.-To do this day, the relations between the US and Cuba remain quite frosty.

___________ is a lessening of Cold War

tensions.

Detente

What is destalinization?

Nikita Khrushchev's policy of eliminating

all memory of Joseph Stalin and his

programs in the USSR.

This event resulted in

Gorbachev’s resignation.

August Coup

_____________ led was the first

democratically elected President of

Poland.

Lech Walesa

What changes did Gorbachev make to

the USSR? (Be able to explain them.)

Glasnost-Gorbachev’s policy of “openness”, which basically said that Soviet citizens should feel free to

discuss what was going on in their society and suggest ways for improvement without fear of the government

punishing them. This new policy lifted censorship, allowed churches to re-open, and allowed more freedom

of speech and press.

Perestroika-Gorbachev’s policy of economic restructuring, which allowed local leaders greater control over the economy, and also permitted small amounts of

capitalism (you could own a small business).

WAGER!

You may wager up to as many points as your team currently has. You will have 5 minutes to respond to this question. Your answer will

be submitted in writing.

What issues did Russia face under the

leadership of Boris Yeltsin? Identify AND explain at least two

issues.