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5th Grade ScienceMrs. LaRosa
www.middleschoolscience.com 2008
All images are from www.Chem4kids.com
•Each row is called a “period”
•The elements in each period have the same number of shells
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•Each column is called a “group”
•Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”.
Except for He, it has 2 electrons
•The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”
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•Transition Metals have slightly different rules for shells and valence electrons.
•This is something you will learn about in High School Chemistry.
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• Helium is the exception in Group 8.
• Since it has just one shell, that shell can only fit 2 electrons instead of 8.
• It is in this group because all the elements have a full outer shell.
End of Study Guide
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