Academic Integrity and Plagiarism

T. D. Mantei

Academic Integrityand

Plagiarism

T. D. Mantei

Plagiarism

Plagiarize: “To take ideas or writings from another and pass them off as one’s own.”

(Webster’s New World Dictionary, 2nd College Ed., Collins)

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Plagiarism

To plagiarize means to copy something that someone else wrote or said without telling where you found it.

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Plagiarism

Plagiarism is not good professional behavior:

Don’t do it!

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How do you know if you are plagiarizing?

“You are plagiarizing if you copy from published sourceswithout adequate documentation.”www.lib.duke.edu/libguide/plagiarism.html

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What are the penalties for plagiarism?

Failing grade for a paper or a course

Retraction of a journal paper

Retraction of the graduate degree

Expulsion from the University

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How do you avoid plagiarism?

You must give credit whenever:

You use another person's idea, opinion, or theory.

www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/plagiarism.html

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How do you avoid plagiarism?

You must give credit whenever:

You use any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings--any pieces of information--that are not common knowledge.

www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/plagiarism.html

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How do you avoid plagiarism?

You must give credit whenever:

You use quotations of another person's actual spoken or written words.

www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/plagiarism.html

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How do you avoid plagiarism?

You must give credit whenever:

You paraphrase another person's spoken or written words.

(To paraphrase means to express another person's spoken or written

words in your own words).

www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/plagiarism.html

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How do you give credit? Use references!

These someone else’s words: “The proof of Theorem 1 does not require NP completeness.”

Theorem 1 can be proved without proving NP completeness.13

13. F. Chen, Proceedings of ….

It has been shown that the proof of Theorem 1 does not require NP completeness.13

13. F. Chen, Proceedings of ….

Chen showed that the proof of Theorem 1 does not require NP completeness.13

13. F. Chen, Proceedings of ….

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How do you give credit? Use references!

Someone else’s words: “This system remains linear at all frequencies.”

It can be shown that this system remains linear at all frequencies.7

7. P. Das, IEEE Transactions on…

Das7 showed that this system remains linear at all frequencies.

7. P. Das, IEEE Transactions on…

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How do you give credit? Use references!

Suppose you want to use someone’s equations:-------------------------- (these are someone else’s equations)

The following system of equations, from Sugai and Samukawa,18 provides the basis for our model.--------------------------

18. S. Sugai and T. Samukawa, J. Appl. Phys. 21, …

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Suppose you want to use someone’s exact words

If you use someone else’s exact words, you must use quotation marks and then reference.

Taken from a book: Plasma etching is the only commercially viable procedure for removing material from surfaces.

“Plasma etching is the only commercially viable procedure for removing material from surfaces.”10

10. M. Lieberman, in Principles of Plasma Discharges…

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Or, use your own words (paraphrase) and then reference:

It has been stated that only plasma etching is commercially viable for the removal of material from surfaces.10

10. M. Lieberman, in Principles of Plasma Discharges…

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When don’t you have to give credit?

When something is general knowledge (i.e., given in every textbook), then it is not necessary to reference.

Ex: Silicon is a Group IV semiconductor.Light has both a wave and a particle nature.Every modern computer has an operating system.World War II ended in 1945.Paris is the capital of France.F = m x aEtc.

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Useful Web Sites UC Libraries

www.libraries.uc.edu/instruction/students/plagiarism.html

AND

www.libraries.uc.edu/libraries/ceas/instruction/

Virginia Tech / Penn State www.writing.engr.psu.edu/

Indiana Univwww.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/plagiarism.shtml

Duke Univwww.lib.duke.edu/libguide/citing