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Paint 201. Practical Solutions and Problem Solving Techniques. Classification of paints. Factors affecting curing. Surface preparation and priming techniques.
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Paint 201: Paint 201:
Practical Solutions and Problem-Solving
Techniques
www.benjaminmoore.com
Benjamin Moore & Co.
101 Paragon Drive
Montvale, NJ 07645
IDCEC Class-code:XXXXXX
Course Number: CEU-101875Learning Units: 0.1
Paint 201
Slide 2 of 73 ©2009
Benjamin Moore & Co. is a Registered Provider with IDCEC. This CEU is registered with the Interior Design Continuing Education Council (IDCEC) for continuing education credits. This
credit will be accepted by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID), International Interior Designers Association (IIDA) and Interior Designers of Canada (IDC).
The content included is not deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by IDCEC of any material or construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing or dealing in any material or
product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods and services should be directed to the instructor or provider of this CEU.
* This CEU will be reported on your behalf to IDCEC and you will receive an email notification. Please log in and complete the electronic survey for this CEU.
* Certificates of completion will be automatically issued once you have submitted the online survey for this CEU.
* Attendees who do not belong to ASID, IIDA or IDC and do not have a unique IDCEC number will be provided with a Certificate of Completion after this CEU.
This presentation is protected by US and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without
written permission of the speaker is prohibited.
Learning Units: 0.1
Learning Objectives
• Classification of paints
• Factors affecting curing
Slide 3 of 41
• Surface preparation and priming techniques
• Causes and solutions for common paint problems
Classifying Paints
Introduction
• Paints are classified by resin type
Slide 4 of 41
• Oil and latex paints are the most common paints
• Knowledge can prevent problems
Classifying Paints
How to Classify Paint
• Classified by type of resin or curing mechanism
Slide 5 of 41
• Resin contributes to performance
• Curing method influences drying time
Classifying Paints
Resin Types
• Oils/Alkyds
• Latex/Acrylics
Slide 6 of 41
• Latex/Acrylics
• Epoxies
• Urethanes
Classifying Paints
Curing Mechanisms
• Solvent Evaporation – evaporation of solvent allows paint to dry
Slide 7 of 41
• Coalescence – particles of pigment and binder fuse together to bind the pigment
• Oxidation – binder oxidizes as it reacts with the oxygen in the air
Classifying Paints
Drying vs. Curing
• Drying occurs when solvent evaporates from coating
Slide 8 of 41
coating
• Curing occurs when coating has reached optimum hardness
Classifying Paints
Factors Affecting Curing
• Temperature
• Air Movement
Slide 9 of 41
• Air Movement
• Relative Humidity
• Dew Point
Classifying Paints
• Temperatures affect viscosity and bonding
Factors Affecting Curing, Cont’d…
Slide 10 of 41
• Increased air movement shortens dry time for oils
• Increased air movement can cause latex to crater
Classifying Paints
• High humidity can shift color in oils
Factors Affecting Curing, Cont’d…
Slide 11 of 41
• High and low humidity can affect latex adversely
• Dew point can affect performance of paints
Surface Preparation and Primers
Introduction
• Proper surface preparation is key
Slide 12 of 41
• Preparation and priming can prevent problems
• Critical with wood and metal applications
Surface Preparation and Primers
Painting Wood
• Apply protective coating to clean, dry surface
Slide 13 of 41
• Holes and cracks should be filled
• Type of wood will affect painting process
Surface Preparation and Primers
Staining Wood
• Wood surface should be clean and dry
Slide 14 of 41
• Set nail holes below surface and fill-in
• Remove any loose fibers
Surface Preparation and Primers
Re-Staining Wood
• Surface should be stripped of old finish
Slide 15 of 41
• Wood bleach system may be used for even color
• Clear finishes require a minimum of four coats
Surface Preparation and Primers
Painting Masonry
• Consider surface porosity and pH
Slide 16 of 41
• Highly porous surfaces must be filled
• Painting “hot”masonry will “burn” the resin
Surface Preparation and Primers
Painting Metal
• Use latex or waterborne acrylic for galvanized steel
Slide 17 of 41
steel
• Shipping coats should be removed with a solvent wash
Finish Coats
Why do People Paint?
• Color – sets mood, safety
• Sheen – appearance and
Slide 18 of 41
• Sheen – appearance and performance
• Protection – protects surface from environment
Finish Coats
Color
• Color is the driving factor when selecting paint
yellowyellowyellowyellow----
orangeorangeorangeorange
redredredred----
orangeorangeorangeorange
redredredredredredredred----
purplepurplepurplepurple
purplepurplepurplepurple
blueblueblueblue----
Slide 19 of 41
• Color affects the body and mind
• Understanding color is critical
yellowyellowyellowyellow
yellowyellowyellowyellow----
orangeorangeorangeorange
blueblueblueblue----
purplepurplepurplepurple
blueblueblueblue
blueblueblueblue----
greengreengreengreen
greengreengreengreen
yellowyellowyellowyellow----
greengreengreengreen
Finish Coats
Color Schemes
• Analogous – 3 colors side by side on color wheel
Slide 20 of 41
• Monochromatic – tints and shade of 1 hue
• Triad – 3 colors equidistant on color wheel
Finish Coats
Sheen
• Sheen levels vary from flat to high-gloss
FlatFlatFlatFlatFlatFlatFlatFlat
MatteMatteMatteMatteMatteMatteMatteMatte
EggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshell
FlatFlatFlatFlatFlatFlatFlatFlat
MatteMatteMatteMatteMatteMatteMatteMatte
EggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshellEggshell
DullDullDullDullDullDullDullDull
(Appearance)(Appearance)(Appearance)(Appearance)(Appearance)(Appearance)(Appearance)(Appearance)
Slide 21 of 41
• Glossy coatings offer extra durability
• High gloss shows defects –flat hides imperfections
PearlPearlPearlPearlPearlPearlPearlPearl
SatinSatinSatinSatinSatinSatinSatinSatin
SemiSemiSemiSemiSemiSemiSemiSemi--------GlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGloss
HighHighHighHighHighHighHighHigh--------GlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGloss
PearlPearlPearlPearlPearlPearlPearlPearl
SatinSatinSatinSatinSatinSatinSatinSatin
SemiSemiSemiSemiSemiSemiSemiSemi--------GlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGloss
HighHighHighHighHighHighHighHigh--------GlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossGlossyGlossyGlossyGlossyGlossyGlossyGlossyGlossy
(Durability)(Durability)(Durability)(Durability)(Durability)(Durability)(Durability)(Durability)
Finish Coats
Sheen, Cont’d…
APPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCE
Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects,
textures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfections
APPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCEAPPEARANCE
Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects, Higher sheens accentuate surface defects,
textures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfections
DURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITY
Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable
due to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin content
DURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITYDURABILITY
Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable Higher sheens are generally more durable
due to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin content
Slide 22 of 41
textures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfections
Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most
forgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheen
Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a
room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth
textures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfectionstextures, and imperfections
Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most Flat hides surface defects and is the most
forgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheenforgiving sheen
Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a Lower sheens soften the appearance of a
room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth room and makes walls look smooth
due to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin content
Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are
easily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleaned
Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and
are excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furniture
due to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin contentdue to their higher resin content
Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are Lower sheens are not as durable but are
easily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleanedeasily cleaned
Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and
are excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furnitureare excellent for trim, doors, and furniture
Finish Coats
Residential Protection
• Coatings provide color and protection
Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 23 of 41
• Interior paint provides washability
• Exterior surface paint provides protection Glossy
(Durability)
Finish Coats
Commercial Protection
• Coatings offer chemical and abuse resistance
Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 24 of 41
• Important component of facilities maintenance
• Two-component coatings are often used Glossy
(Durability)
Finish Coats
Specialty Protection
• Spray applications
• Low VOC emission
Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 25 of 41
• Low VOC emission
• Splatter resistance
• Extreme durabilityGlossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Blocking
• Two painted surfaces become stuck together Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 26 of 41
• Insufficient drying time or low quality gloss paint
• High-quality latex offers good blocking resistance
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Yellowing
• Oils may yellow due to continuing oxidation Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 27 of 41
• Can also be caused by exposure to heat sources
• Using high-quality latex will minimize yellowing
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Lapping
• Lapping refers to a non-uniform appearance Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 28 of 41
• Caused by failure to maintain a “wet-edge”
• Apply paint back onto the just painted surface
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Hatbanding
• Caused by excessive cutting-in with a brush Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 29 of 41
• May also be caused by applying wet finish to dry
• Important to feather edges when cutting-in
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Sagging
• Refers to downward dripping of the paint Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 30 of 41
• Caused by applying paint too heavily
• Immediately re-roll or brush out
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Blistering
• Excess moisture or poorly prepared chalked surface Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 31 of 41
• Remove with pressurized water and scrape off
• Caulk cracks, holes and seams
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Chalking
• Slight chalking of exterior paint is normal Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 32 of 41
• Can cause peeling problems
• Wash surface with detergent
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Mildew
• High humidity, poor ventilation, no sunlight Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 33 of 41
• Use of low-quality paint with little mildewcide
• Apply one part bleach to three parts water
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Cracking and Flaking
• Occurs over wood with non-porous flat grain Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 34 of 41
• Caused by seasonal weather fluctuations
• Lightly sand and coat with a primer
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Tanning Staining
• Tannins can be activated by paint or stain
Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 35 of 41
• Seal with a barrier coat
• Extreme cases may require a primer
Glossy
(Durability)
GoodGoodGoodGood BadBadBadBad
Problem Solving
Surfactant Leaching
• Latex paints contain surfactants Dull
(Appearance)
Slide 36 of 41
• Moisture or low temperatures during curing
• Flush area with water
Glossy
(Durability)
Problem Solving
Questions to Ask
• What – product, drying method, surface preparationDull
(Appearance)
Slide 37 of 41
• Where – location of surface
• When – atmospheric conditions
• How – applied with a brush or roller
Glossy
(Durability)
START
Slide 38 of 41
Thank You for Attending!
www.benjaminmoore.com
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