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Chapter 8
Respiratory System
Photo from sukiyaki/Shutterstock
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Learning Objectives1. Recognize or write the functions of the respiratory
system.2. Recognize or write the meanings of Chapter 8 word
parts and use terms to build and analyze terms.3. Write terms for selected structures of the respiratory
system or match them with their descriptions.4. Write the names of the diagnostic terms and
pathologies related to the respiratory system when given their descriptions or match terms with their meanings.
5. Match surgical and therapeutic interventions for the respiratory system or write the names of the interventions when given their descriptions.
6. Spell terms for the respiratory system correctly.
2
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Functions of the Respiratory System
respiration, eupnea inspiration, inhalation expiration, exhalation
3
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Organs of Respiration
4
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Lower Respiratory Tract
from Vidic B, Suarez FR: Photographic atlas of the human body, St Louis, 1984, Mosby.
5
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Structures of the Respiratory System
pleura, pleural phrenic nares, nasal septum paranasal sinuses
6
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Paranasal Sinuses
From Ignatavicius MS, Workman ML: Medical-Surgical nursing: Critical thinking for collaborative care, ed 6, 2010, Philadelphia, Saunders.
7
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Structures of the Respiratory System (cont’d)
eustachian tube, otopharyngeal tube laryngopharynx, larynx, esophagus glottis, epiglottis bronchi, bronchioles alveoli URT, LRT
8
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Combining Forms: Respiratory Structures
alveol/o alveolus (pl. alveoli) bronch/o, bronchi/o bronchus (pl. bronchi) bronchiol/o bronchiole epiglott/o epiglottis laryng/o larynx
9
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Combining Forms: Respiratory Structures (cont’d)
lob/o lobe nas/o, rhin/o nose phren/o diaphragm (phren/o
sometimes means mind)
pleur/o pleura pharyng/o pharynx
10
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Quick Quiz!
The vocal apparatus of the larynx is
A. the pharynx
B. the glottis
C. the epiglottis
D. the alveolus
11
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Combining Forms: Respiratory Structures (cont’d)
pneum/o, pneumon/o, lung (pneum/o
pulm/o, pulmon/o sometimes means air)
trache/o trachea (windpipe)
12
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Patterns of Respiration
13
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Oximetry
A from Potter PA, Perry AG: Basic nursing, ed 7, St Louis, 2011, Mosby. B Courtesy Ohmeda, Boulder CO
14
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Spirometry
From Wilson SF, Thompson JM: Respiratory disorders, St Louis, 1990, Mosby.
15
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Pneumothorax, Hemothorax
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Orthopnea
17
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms
pulmonologist pneumonia, pneumonitis
18
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Pulmonary Embolism
From Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, Fausto N: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, ed 8, Philadelphia, 2010,
Saunders. 19
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
pneumocentesis pulmonary edema rhinorrhea
20
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
aphonia, dysphonia aphasia, dysphasia laryngalgia bronchitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis sputum shortness of breath (SOB)
21
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Laryngeal Polyp
From Ignatavicius MS, Workman ML, Mishler MA: Medical-surgical nursing across the health care continuum, ed 5, Philadelphia, 2006, Saunders-Elsevier.
22
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Bronchoscopy
23
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) asthma asphyxiation atelectasis, bronchiectasis bronchography
24
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
lung cancer (carcinoma) emphysema chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)
25
Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Carcinoma of the Lung
Copyright © 2011 Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Courtesy PresMark Publishing Co
26
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
influenza laryngitis pleuritis pneumoconiosis silicosis pulmonary embolism
27
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Nasal Polyps
from Zitelli BJ, Davis HW: Atlas of pediatric diagnosis, ed 5, St Louis, 2007, Mosby.
28
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Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms (cont’d)
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) tuberculosis (TB)
29
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Heimlich Maneuver
30
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Endotracheal Intubation vs. Tracheostomy Tube
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Administration of Oxygen
32
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Surgical and Therapeutic Interventions
decongestants antitussives antihistamines bronchodilators
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Copyright © 2013, 2011, 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Quick Quiz!
The inability to communicate through speech is
A. aphasia
B. dysphasia
C. atelectasis
D. laryngalgia
34
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Surgical and Therapeutic Interventions, (cont’d)
lung biopsy pneumonectomy, pneumectomy, lobectomy rhinoplasty
35
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Thoracocentesis, Thoracentesis
from Harkreader H, Hogan MA, Thobaben M: Fundamentals of nursing: Caring and clinical judgment, ed 3, St Louis, 2007, Mosby.
36
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Thoracocentesis, Thoracentesis
37
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Additional Word Parts
atel/o imperfect coni/o dust embol/o embolus home/o sameness -ole little
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Additional Word Parts (cont’d)
ox/o oxygen -pnea breathing silic/o silica spir/o to breathe
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
ARDS COLD COPD LRT SARS
40
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Acronyms and Abbreviations (cont’d)
SIDS SOB TB URT VC
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