Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Cardiovascular System...

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Cardiovascular SystemCardiovascular System

Chapter 6

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Cardiovascular System OverviewCardiovascular System Overview

• A “closed” system consisting of the heart and blood vessels.

– Arteries – carry blood away from the heart

– Veins carry blood towards the heart

• Systemic circuit – delivers oxygenated blood to the body tissues and back

• Pulmonary circuit – delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs and back

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Lab Activity 6.1 – External Heart AnatomyAnterior View

Lab Activity 6.1 – External Heart AnatomyAnterior View

• Left atrium

– Pulmonary veins

• Right atrium

– Superior/inferior vena cavae

• Left ventricle

– Aorta

• Right ventricle

– Pulmonary trunk

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Lab Activity 6.1 – External Heart AnatomyPosterior View

Lab Activity 6.1 – External Heart AnatomyPosterior View

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Lab Activity 6.2 – Internal Heart AnatomyLab Activity 6.2 – Internal Heart Anatomy

• Atrioventricular valves

– Tricuspid

– Bicuspid (mitral)

• Papillary muscles

• Chordae tendineae

• Semilunar valves

– Pulmonary

– Aortic

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Lab Activity 6.2 – Internal Heart AnatomyCompare the Features

Lab Activity 6.2 – Internal Heart AnatomyCompare the Features

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Lab Activity 6.3 – Circulation of Blood Through the Heart

Lab Activity 6.3 – Circulation of Blood Through the Heart

• RAtricuspid valveRV pulmonary valvepulmonary trunk/arteries lungspulmonary veinsLAmitral valveLVaortic valveaortabody systemsSVC/IVCRA

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Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsArteries (Ant)

Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsArteries (Ant)

• Right coronary artery– Marginal artery

– Posterior interventricular artery

• Left coronary artery– Anterior interventricular

artery (left anterior descending-LAD)

– Circumflex artery

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Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsArteries (Post)

Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsArteries (Post)

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Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsVeins (Ant)

Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsVeins (Ant)

• Small cardiac vein– Marginal artery

• Great cardiac vein– LAD and circumflex

arteries

• Middle cardiac vein– Posterior interventricular

artery

• Coronary sinus

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Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsVeins (Post)

Lab Activity 6.4 – Coronary Blood VesselsVeins (Post)

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Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckArteries

Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckArteries

• Aortic arch

– Brachiocephalic trunk

• Right common carotid artery

• Right subclavian artery

– Left common carotid artery

– Left subclavian artery

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Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckArteries

Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckArteries

• Common carotid artery

– Internal carotid artery

– External carotid artery

• Facial artery

• Superficial temporal artery

• Occipital artery

• Vertebral artery

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Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckVeins

Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckVeins

• Occipital vein

• Superficial temporal vein

• Facial vein

• Vertebral vein

• External jugular vein

• Internal jugular vein

• Subclavian vein

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Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckCerebral Arterial Circle (of Willis)

Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckCerebral Arterial Circle (of Willis)

• Vertebral artery

• Basilar artery

• Posterior cerebral artery

• Posterior communicating artery

• Internal carotid artery

• Middle cerebral artery

• Anterior cerebral artery

• Anterior communicating artery

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Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckDural Sinuses

Lab Activity 6.5 – Vessels of the Head and NeckDural Sinuses

• Superior sagittal sinus

• Inferior sagittal sinus

• Straight sinus

• Sigmoid sinus

• Cavernous sinus

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Lab Activity 6.6 – Vessels of the Upper ExtremityArteries

Lab Activity 6.6 – Vessels of the Upper ExtremityArteries

• Subclavian artery

• Axillary artery

• Brachial artery

• Radial artery

• Ulnar artery

• Superficial/deep palmar arches

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Lab Activity 6.6 – Vessels of the Upper ExtremityVeins

Lab Activity 6.6 – Vessels of the Upper ExtremityVeins

• Superficial/deep palmar arches

• Ulnar vein

• Radial vein

• Brachial vein

• Axillary vein

• Subclavian vein

• Brachiocephalic vein

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Lab Activity 6.6 – Vessels of the Upper ExtremitySuperficial Veins

Lab Activity 6.6 – Vessels of the Upper ExtremitySuperficial Veins

• Cephalic vein

• Basilic vein

• Median cubital vein

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Lab Activity 6.7 – Branches of the Descending AortaSuperior Mesenteric Artery

Lab Activity 6.7 – Branches of the Descending AortaSuperior Mesenteric Artery

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Lab Activity 6.7 – Branches of the Descending AortaLab Activity 6.7 – Branches of the Descending Aorta

• Thoracic aorta– Intercostal arteries

• Abdominal aorta– Celiac trunk

– Superior mesenteric artery

– Renal artery

– “Gonadal” artery

– Inferior mesenteric artery

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Lab Activity 6.7 – Branches of the Descending AortaInferior Mesenteric Artery

Lab Activity 6.7 – Branches of the Descending AortaInferior Mesenteric Artery

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Lab Activity 6.8 – Veins of the AbdomenLab Activity 6.8 – Veins of the Abdomen

• Renal vein

• Suprarenal (adrenal) vein

• “Gonadal” vein

• Inferior vena cava

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Lab Activity 6.9 – Hepatic Portal CirculationLab Activity 6.9 – Hepatic Portal Circulation

• Inferior mesenteric vein

• Splenic vein

• Superior mesenteric vein

• Hepatic portal vein

• Inferior vena cava

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Lab Activity 6.9 – Hepatic Portal CirculationCompare the Features

Lab Activity 6.9 – Hepatic Portal CirculationCompare the Features

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Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityArteries of the Thigh

Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityArteries of the Thigh

• Common iliac artery

– Internal iliac artery

– External iliac artery

• Femoral artery

• Deep femoral artery

• Lateral circumflex femoral artery

• Medial circumflex femoral artery

• Popliteal artery

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Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityVeins of the Thigh

Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityVeins of the Thigh

• Common iliac vein

– Internal iliac vein

– External iliac vein

• Femoral vein

• Great saphenous vein

• Deep femoral vein

• Lateral circumflex femoral vein

• Medial circumflex femoral vein

• Popliteal vein

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Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityArteries of the Anterior Leg

Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityArteries of the Anterior Leg

• Popliteal artery

• Anterior tibial artery

– Dorsalis pedis artery

– Dorsal arcuate artery

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Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityVeins of the Anterior Leg

Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityVeins of the Anterior Leg

• Popliteal vein

• Anterior tibial vein

– Dorsalis pedis vein

– Dorsal arcuate vein

• Great saphenous vein

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Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityArteries of the Posterior Leg

Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityArteries of the Posterior Leg

• Popliteal artery

• Posterior tibial artery

– Medial plantar artery

– Lateral plantar artery

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Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityVeins of the Posterior Leg

Lab Activity 6.10 – Vessels of the Lower ExtremityVeins of the Posterior Leg

• Popliteal vein

• Posterior tibial vein

– Medial plantar vein

– Lateral plantar vein

• Small saphenous vein