Energy Performance of Buildings - Agoria · The applicability of EN and EN-ISO EPB standards ......

Energy Performance of Buildings

15/10/2015

Standardisation for EPBD

Piet Vitse

Chairman E88/89

15/10/2015

The applicability of EN and EN-ISO EPB standards Introduction and demonstration on the transparency

and flexibility in the EPB framework and OAS as backbone

CEN: European Standard Organisation; ISO: International Organisation for Standardization EPB: Energy Performance Buildings

Jaap Hogeling

Chair CEN TC 371 Program Committee on EPBD JWG of ISO TC 163&205 : Chair of advisory group on coordination of ISO and

CEN Work on EPB

j.hogeling@isso.nl Fellow of ASHRAE and REHVA

International workshop Victoria, September 14, 2015, “Application of European and International standards for the energy

performance of buildings from end-users perspectives”

workshop

Status/Planning EPB-

project • During 2015 expected closing enquiries for all the draft

EPB-standards (EN and EN-ISO)

• The OAS prEN ISO/DIS 52000-1 is now at enquiry stage Opening date 2015-08-27 Closing date 2015-11-27 the connected TR is available as N-document at ISO/TC163 and ISO/TC205 level, voting on TR is expected parallel to the FV of the OAS.

• The end of 2015 we expect most Enquiry comments to be resolved and draft Formal Vote versions ready at TC level.

• After voting we expect that by the end of 2016 all EPB-standards will be published as EN or EN-ISO standards

9/13/2015 ISO-TC163-205-WS-Victoria

CEN /ISO project on EPB standards development, current status

Basic principles EPB standards (EN/TS 16628)

Detailed Technical Rules (EN/TS 16629)

TR: Explanation and justification

(EN-ISO/TR 52000-2)

Overarching standard EPB (EN ISO 52000-1)

Whole set of EN (ISO) EPB standards

Phase 1 (2011-2014)

Phase 2

(2013-2016)

ISO-TC163-205-WS-Victoria 9/13/2015

Observation in Europe

• One of the important instruments to support the proper implementation of the EPBD policy is the modularly structured, transparent, unambiguous, but flexible* set of EN and ISO EPB standards

*: for local climate, national legal framework, building tradition, building use, existing local energy-infrastructure, etc…

workshop

Why we need this flexibility

and transparency Flexibility: to be suitable for:

– local climate,

– National/ regional legal framework,

– National/ regional building tradition and building use,

– existing local (national or regional) energy-

infrastructure,

– Etc…

Transparency: to accommodate a levelled

playing field when:

– Expressing the EP of buildings

– offering various energy (or CO2) saving solutions

Example of the very different heat and electricity markets in EU

Oil Heating Structure

Mainly gas heating DH mainly CHP based biofuels for DH

Netherlands Germany Sweden

100% 100% 100%

(Gas, Waste)

(Coal, Gas, Waste)

(Bio, Waste)

Renewables incl. Heat Pumps

District Heating (DH main fuels)

Coal CHP CHP Nuclear CHP

Electricity Production and CHP

Netherlands CHP mainly in industry

100% 100% 100%

Non CHP

Germany CHP mainly for

Non CHP

Sweden Nuclear and hydro

for electricity

Non CHP

Wind, PV

Biofuels

workshop

Global set of standards on Energy Performance

of Buildings (EPB)

Many of EPB standards are expected

to be published as EN-ISO standards

Climatic data

Operating

conditions

Building and

building

elements

Assessment

boundaries

Overall EP

balance

Ways to

express EP

Heating

systems

Cooling

systems

Lighting and

lighting

systems

Ventilation

systems

Domestic Hot

systems

Building

automation &

Control Indoor env.

Etc…..

ISO 52000

ISO 52001

ISO 52003

ISO 52004

ISO 52009

ISO 52010

ISO 52015

ISO 52016

ISO 52017

ISO 52018

ISO 52019

ISO 52020

ISO 52021

ISO 52022

ISO 52145

ISO 52146

ISO 52147

ISO 52148

ISO 52149

ISO 52150

Early 2014:

Consecutive

ISO numbers

reserved for

EPB set

various

standards

Principle

Energy

Product

characteristics

EP From product standards to

overall energy use incl. technical building systems

Product is not longer evaluated

as a product but as

part of a system

Maintain the links between

product testing and system

evaluation

EP: Overall Building Energy Performance

Continuity from the product to the system energy performance assessment

JWG ISO TC 163/ISO TC 205

Holistic approach

ISO TC 205 (System TC)

Technical Building Systems,

bldng environment design

(System loss calculation)

ISO TC 163 (Building TC)

Bldng energy use, envelope

characteristics, climatic data

(Building energy use calculation)

Product TC’s like ISO/TC 86;115;117; 118; etc….(Evaluation of product characteristics)

Building Energy use

Building Energy needs

Product characteristics

Building Energy Perform. Product no longer evaluated

as a product

but as a part of a system

IMPORTANT:

Holistic approach

is based on (tested) product characteristics

EN-ISO 52000-1

Flexibility in use of EPB Standards the OAS: ISO 52000-1 as Backbone

• CALCULATION STRUCTURE ISO 52000-1 + general parts

• CALCULATION MODULES FOR EACH STEP 1 XLS per module

• EACH CALCULATION MODULE REQUIRES – INTERCONNECTION VALUES

(I/O TO THE STRUCTURE)

– PRODUCT DATA (LOCAL DATA)

– OTHER LOCAL DATA ABOUT SPECIFIC APPLICATION (LIKE LOCALISATION , INDOOR/ OUTDOOR INSTALLATION INFO)

EN ISO XXX

ISO XXX

EN-ISO XXX

PRODUCT DATA

OTHER LOCAL DATA

PRODUCT DATA

OTHER LOCAL DATA

PRODUCT DATA

OTHER LOCAL DATA

INTER CONNECTION

LOCAL DATA

MODULES

Replacing a module with a non- EN or EN-ISO-standard one

• Possible thanks to the modular structure

• … but the I/O structure has to be respected

• Needed info can be found both in the accompanying XLS and in the specific I/O clauses in the EN or EN-ISO standard

EN ISO 45000-1

EN ISO XXX

Non-EN Std

ISO XXX

PRODUCT DATA

OTHER LOCAL DATA

PRODUCT DATA

OTHER LOCAL DATA

PRODUCT DATA

OTHER LOCAL DATA

NATIONAL MODULE

workshop

Connection of custom

modules: input data

Each calculation module needs two types of input data:

• Data coming from other parts of the calculation: (required

energy output, operating conditions, etc.),

• Data specified only when using this module, «local data»

Typically these are product data and application conditions

like localization of components (boiler, pipes indoor/outdoor)

Conditions to be satisfied by custom non-EN/ISO modules:

• The input data of the replaced module, together with custom

local data, shall be complete, to be able to perform the

calculation according to the custom module.

• The available input data coming from other parts are listed as

«operating conditions» in the input data specification of the

replaced EN/ISO standard module

workshop

Set of EPB standards: unambiguous but flexible

(allowing national choices, boundary conditions and

input data)

Each EPB standard contains:

• Annex A (normative): template for choices and

input data needed for using the standard

• Annex B (informative): informative default

choices and input data

• In general:

– Each individual user of the EPB standard is free to

create his/her own data sheet according to the

template of Annex A

(~ replace the default choices and values of Annex B)

workshop

Explained in a note in each

Annex A and Annex B “

In particular for the application within the context of

regional or national legal requirements.

These choices (either the default choices from Annex B

or choices adapted to national/regional needs),

but in any case following the template of this Annex A

can be made available as National Annex or as

separate (e.g. legal) document.

ISO 52000-1: Annex B (informative) Input data

sheet with CEN values and choices

2 References 3 Overarching preparation steps

4 Building services included in the EP-calculation

5 Assessment of thermal envelope and simplifications

6 Useful floor area and metric for building size

7 EP-assessment types according to building category

8 Building categories included in EPB

9 Perimeters and overheads in the primary energy factors

10 Weighting factors and default energy carriers properties

11 Electric energy uses, production types, priority exported energy

12 Energy flows included in the energy balance

13 The kexp-factor

Table B.25 — Weighting factors (based on net calorific value)

workshop

National implementation of

EPB standards: • National cover page and the Introduction text in the EPB

standards: this text allows the NSB’s (or authorities) to

include information regarding the position of the EPB standard

in their national regulation, version indication etc…

• NSB’s can publish a National Annex to each EPB standards

where they make use of the Annex A template. A National

Annex is not an Annex A.

• A NA is a separate document, it does not have to be attached

to the standard it refers to

• A NA could include more additional information! More

National Annexes could be developed, e.g. for different

building functions etc…

workshop

The main target-groups of the set

of EPB standards

It is expected, if the default values and choices in Annex B are

not followed due to national regulations, policy or traditions, that:

– Either the NSB will consider the possibility to add or include a National

Annex in agreement with the template of Annex A.

– Or the national or regional authorities will, in the building

regulations, reference the standard and prepare data sheets containing

the national or regional choices and values, in agreement with the

template of Annex A.

• Further target groups are:

– users of the voluntary common European Union certification

scheme for the energy performance of non-residential buildings

– other Pan EU or Global parties wanting to motivate their policy by

classifying the building EP for a dedicated building stock.

– Global Innovators on the EP-market 9/13/2015 ISO-TC163-205-WS-Victoria

workshop

The developed EPB

standards

• have a modular and transparent structure,

an unambiguous framework for default

values and choices

• Include default values and choices in

annex B to most of the EPB standards;

• Include the possibility as user, national or

regional authority, to create (national)

Annexes based on the Annex A template;

workshop Summary

• ISO and CEN are on a fast track to develop the

procedures and standards for buildings, systems

and products towards low energy buildings that

could meet the nZEB targets

• The developed standards and procedures will offer

the flexibility and transparency to apply them

throughout Europe and Globally

• CEN and ISO cooperate to achieve a common set of

EPB standards ( for ISO in the 52000 series:

52000—52150 have been reserved)

The general framework and the common international

metrics for the overall building energy performance

provided by the new ISO 52000 EPB standards

Demonstration of the calculation

of the overall primary energy balance

Dick (H.A.L.) van Dijk Senior Advisor at TNO (NL);

Co-convener, CEN/TC 371/WG 1;

Co-convener, ISO/TC 163/WG 4 (JWG TC 163 & TC 205)

International workshop Victoria, September 14, 2015,

“Application of European and International standards for the energy

performance of buildings from end-users perspectives”

workshop Content

1. Overall primary energy balance: renewable

and non-renewable energy

2. “Step A, Step B approach”: Appreciation of

energy produced on site and exported

3. The role of renewable energy sources and

renewable energy contribution

1. Examples of choices and consequences (see more in Johann Zirngibl’s presentation)

workshop

But first, recall:

the “Annex A, Annex B approach”

• Set of EPB standards:

– unambiguous but flexible

– allowing transparent national choices,

boundary conditions, input data and

references

• By the “Annex A, Annex B approach”

– Explained in presentation by Jaap Hogeling

– This approach is adopted in each EPB

standard Slide 26

workshop

Instrument to facilitate

EN, ISO or national differences

Each EPB standard: unambiguous procedures,

but with flexibility in references, choices and input data

Example: one of the key

parameters:

Primary energy factors

(from Overarching standard)

Normative template

in so called “Annex A” of

each EPB standard

Informative default

input data

in so called “Annex B”

of each EPB standard

workshop Overall energy balance

• Overall energy balance: renewable and

non-renewable energy

workshop

Spreadsheet(s) on

ISO/DIS 52000-1

• Each EPB standard is accompanied by a

spreadsheet to validate and demonstrate the

calculation procedures

• For ISO/DIS 52000-1 a very extensive

spreadsheet is available at TC level (Livelink) – ISO_DIS_52000-1_SS_2015_05_13.xlsm

• But in this presentation only simple examples

are shown

workshop

Spreadsheet(s) on

ISO/DIS 52000-1

• Illustration from the spreadsheet…

workshop

Spreadsheet(s) on

ISO/DIS 52000-1

• In spreadsheet: for demonstration purpose:

12 time intervals; can be 12 months,

but can also be 12 hours (!)

• This presentation: instead of spreadsheet:

a step by step introduction…

workshop

Delivered and exported energy , for each energy carrier,

is weighted as associated primary energy.

With distinction between the renewable and non-renewable part

Energy crossing the assessment

boundary

Assessment boundary

Pnren;del

Pren;del Renewable:

Non-renewable:

Instead of primary energy also other weighting options are provided:

- Costs

- CO2-emissions

exp;el

Delivered gas, oil,

electricity, .. Associated

Primary Energy

Exported

electricity, ..

Pnren;exp

Pren;exp

Associated

Primary Energy

workshop Convention 1

Assessment boundary

Pnren;del

Renewable energy produced on site is considered as

delivered energy (crossing the assessment boundary)

Renewable energy

produced on site

Non-renewable

delivered energy:

This enables a

general approach

to count renewable

energy

workshop Example 1a

Assessment boundary

Pnren;del

Pren;del Delivered electricity

from PV: 300 kWh

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

nat.gas;del 0.0 1.05

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

Epnren = 5250 kWh

Delivered natural

gas: 5000 kWh

Epren = 300 kWh

workshop Example 1b

Pnren;del

Pren;del

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

Epnren = 7550 kWh

Epren = 500 kWh

Pnren;del

Pren;del 200

From PV: 300 kWh

Delivered electricity

Delivered natural

gas: 5000 kWh

From grid: 1000 kWh

workshop Example 1c

Pnren;del

Pren;del

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

Epnren = 7550 kWh

Epren = 500 kWh

Pnren;del

Pren;del

exp;el

el. exported: 200 kWh

Exported energy.

How to deal with it?

From PV: 300 kWh

Delivered natural

gas: 5000 kWh

From grid: 1000 kWh

workshop

Convention 2

• Step A/Step B approach:

• Step A:

– Energy exported to outside the assessment boundary is

recorded separately and not rewarded in the energy

performance of the building.

– But also the associated primary energy resources that were

needed to produce this exported energy are not taken into

account,

but recorded separately .

• Step B (optional choice for a country or region):

– All (or a fraction: kexp= 0<->1) of the exported energy is rewarded

in the EP of the building

– But also the associated primary energy (ren and/or nren)

needed to produce this energy is taken into account Slide 37

workshop Example 1c

Pnren;del

Pren;del

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

Epnren = 7550 kWh

Epren = 500 kWh

Pnren;del

Pren;del

exp;el

1300 kWh electricity is delivered. This costed

500 kWh Pren and 2300 kWh Pnren.

But 200 of the 1300 kWh is exported.

Fraction (200/1300) of Pren and Pnren is

associated to the exported energy

From PV: 300 kWh

Delivered natural

gas: 5000 kWh

From grid: 1000 kWh

workshop Example 1c, Step A

Pnren;del

Pren;del

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

Epnren = 1946 kWh

Epren = 423 kWh

Pnren;del

Pren;del

exp;el

Pnren;del

Pren;del 77 kWh

354 kWh

separate:

Energy performance of

the building, Step A:

From PV: 300 kWh

Delivered natural

gas: 5000 kWh

From grid: 1000 kWh

workshop

Convention 3: How to reward exported

energy in the optional Step B

• For the optional Step B:

• How is the exported energy rewarded in the EP of the

building?

• For electricity exported to the grid:

– By assuming that a same amount of electricity produced elsewhere

for the grid has been avoided by the exported electricity

– And then accounting how much primary energy (Pren and Pnren)

can be associated with the avoided electricity production

elsewhere.

Within this convention, still different ‘philosophies’ can be adopted.

These will be discussed further on, each with their consequences

workshop Example 1c, Step B

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

el;exp 0,0 2,0

exp;el

Pnren;del

Pren;del

77 kWh

354 kWh

Add: Primary energy delivered to

produce the exported energy

Pnren;exp

Pren;exp

400 kWh

Subtract: Avoided

primary energy for the

grid elsewhere

workshop Example 1c, Step B

fPren fPrnen

el;PV;del 1,0 0,0

el;grid;del 0,2 2,3

el;exp 0,0 2,0

exp;el

Pnren;del

Pren;del

77 kWh

354 kWh

Add: Primary energy delivered to

produce the exported energy

Pnren;exp

Pren;exp

400 kWh

Subtract: Avoided

primary energy for the

grid elsewhere

Step A + Step B:

Epnren = 1946 + (354 – 400) = 1900 kWh

Epren = 423 + ( 77 – 0) = 500 kWh

workshop Smart observation 1

• If the primary energy factors for delivered electricity from

the grid and for exported electricity to the grid (avoided

prim.energy elsewhere) are the same:

– Then no split between Step A and Step B needed, because

delivered PE for exported energy == avoided PE by exported

energy!

• Answer:

– This is only true, if Step B is chosen, with kexp= 1

– But there may also be good reasons to have different PE factors

for delivered and exported energy

– See discussion further on

workshop

Additional optional benefit of

Step A, Step B approach

• If a country does not want to reward exported energy

from a building in the EP of the building.

• But if it accepts the EP of a combination of buildings (“on

site” or “nearby”; e.g. a university campus):

• The exported energy from building A may be accepted

as delivered energy to buildings C and D

workshop Convention 4

• Especially for Step B:

• In case of a Combined Heat and Power system (CHP) on site:

• What is the rule for associating the primary energy delivered to the

CHP to the produced electricity and to the produced heat?

• There are several conventions possible:

1. Caloric

2. Power loss, real

3. Power loss, equivalent

4. Exergetic

5. Alternative production

6. Residual power

7. Residual heat (power bonus)

• Many pro’s and con’s (internal note and spreadsheet Laurent Socal)

workshop Convention 4 (continued)

• In case of a Combined Heat and Power system (CHP)

on site:

• “Power bonus” convention is chosen: – Electricity is assumed to be produced with reference efficiency

This means: reference Pren and Pnren factors for delivered energy.

– The extra Pren and Pnren needed for the CHP is associated to the

produced heat

(values can become negative if reference factors are chosen too

conservative…).

• Reasons – In case of CHP for EP Buildings: CHP is supposed to be heat demand

driven

electricity is a by-product

– The concept of reference PE factors for delivered energy is known and

used for grid produced electricity Slide 46

• I see only “own use” and “export” of electricity.

• But there may be also other electricity use at the building

site, for non-EPB uses. For instance appliances,

cooking, special processes, ..

– Why is this not taken into account? Because it is better to use it

on site than to dump it to the grid

• Answer:

– Agreed!

– It is taken into account: it is part of “exported electricity”, because

it crosses the EPB assessment boundary

– An option is given to have separate PE factors for this.

• It requires that the amount of non-EPB use of electricity is known.

• E.g. national values: kWh/m2, depending on the building category

• It makes quite a difference whether the surplus of

electricity is considered at hourly time intervals, or

monthly or annual!

• Answer: True!

– In a monthly electricity balance, the momentary mismatch

between produced and used electricity is hidden.

– In an annual electricity balance even worse.

– So, for a monthly calculation method, to be consistent with an

hourly method, a “utilization factor” (or “matching factor”) is

needed to correct for the mismatch.

– Otherwise the monthly method will underestimate how much

electricity is not used but exported to the grid Slide 48

workshop

Why would a country consider different PE

factors for delivered and exported electricity?

Examples of

considerations/choices

Impact on PEF

values

(examples)

Impact on market

Delivered: based on national

grid, mix of renewable sources

and non-renewable fuel types,

plant (types and ages)

Exported: produced on site is

most likely using modern

technology should be

compared to modern technology

in the grid (BAT: Best Available

Technology).

Renewable sources in the grid

get priority, so exported does not

replace renewable at the grid

Pren;del =0,2

Pnren;del = 2,3

Pren;exp =0,0

Pnren;exp = 2,0

Stimulates own use of

electricity over export of

electricity.

If values for exported

electricity are also used

as reference for CHP:

less likely to get negative

values of primary energy

use for the heat

production

workshop

Examples of

Impact on PEF

values

(examples)

Impact on market

grid, mix of renewable sources

and non-renewable fuel types,

plant (types and ages)

technology should be used to

reduce the use of old low

efficiency plants in the grid.

Pren;del =0,2

Pnren;del = 2,3

Pren;exp =0,0

Pnren;exp = 2,7

Higher reward for export

than for own use.

Stimulates export of

electricity over own use

of electricity!!

workshop

Examples of

Impact on PEF

values

(examples)

Impact on market

grid of only non-renewable fuel

types, plant (types and ages).

Renewable electricity in the grid

is ignored, because this is

dedicated to specific use (green

certificates)

technology should be used to

reduce the use of old low

efficiency plants in the gird.

Pren;del = 0,0

Pnren;del = 2,5

Pren;exp = 0,0

Pnren;exp = 2,5

Neutral.

workshop

Examples of

Impact on PEF

values

(examples)

Impact on market

grid of only non-renewable fuel

types, plant (types and ages).

not necessarily usable in the grid,

and leads to lower efficiency of

other sources in the grid

reward only part of it (for

example: 60 %: kexp = 0,6)

Pren;del = 0,2

Pnren;del = 2,3

Pren;exp = 0,0

Pnren;exp = 2,5

But (in ‘Step B’):

primary energy

associated to

exported energy

counted for only

(delivered [+] and

avoided [-] )

Stimulates own use and

discourages export

(including on site CHP)

workshop Conclusions

• Transparent framework

• National choices & consequences

• Spreadsheet; also publicly available: https://isolutions.iso.org/ecom/livelink?func=ll&objId=348

89725&objAction=browse&sort=name&viewType=1

• More: see Johann Zirngibl

workshop The end

Questions?

Application of International standards for the

EP of buildings from end-users perspectives

EPB requirements for [nearly] zero energy

buildings and the consequences

JWG TC163/205 Workshop ,Victoria, September 2015

Johann.zirngibl@cstb.fr Page 55

Johann Zirngibl johann.zirngibl@cstb.fr

Convenor ISO / TC205/WG9

Convenor CEN/TC371/WG1

Convenor CEN/TC228/WG4

workshop

Historical evolution of requirements in Europe

Roadmap to overall energy performance

Product

(1950-1970) Building envelope

(1970-1990)

system

(1990-2010)

Nearby

Evolution of assessment boundaries –Towards global

“Building” (energy

consuming)

“Building” +

neighborhood

Interaction Building -

(>-2010)

workshop

nZEB: How an efficient building should look like?

Building fabric > low amount of energy required => Indicator: Building

Technical building system > efficient heating, cooling, DHW systems => Indicator: Energy use

Building as energy producer > cogeneration, PV => Indicator: Energy balance

Energy carrier > energy from renewable sources => Indicator: Non-ren primary

energy

Is defining only one requirement (the most global one) transparent and

satisfying?

Building products > low amount of energy required => Indicator: Thermal

losses

In Europe building products are taken into account by Ecodesign + labelling Directive

(mandatory)

In Europe the building as a whole is taken into account by the Energy Performance of building

Directive (framework directive)

workshop

Example: Only one requirement based on

non renewable energy balance?

Building

site Energy

delivered

from outside

Assessment

boundary

1) Building compensated by PV

export

2) Building compensated by

renewable import

Evaluation hypothesis: always same result

(e.g. class A)

“Overall assessment” enabling global optimization between “on-site”, “nearby”

“distant”

Therefore for a class A building (the best) • Maybe low quality building fabric

• Maybe low quality technical building systems

• Maybe a high energy bill

Cost optimum

• High energy bill (but exported

energy)

• Insulation company ()

• PV producer ()

Will building user

understand this ?

workshop

CEN proposal for nZEB assessment

the hurdle race

Hurdle 1:

Building needs

(EN ISO 52016-1)

Conditioned space

Hurdle 2:

Building use Total primary energy?

Final energy?

(EN ISO 52000-1)

Technical building

systems

Hurdle 3:

Delivered energy Non-renewable prim.

Energy

(EN ISO 52000-1)

Energy carriers

Arrival Start

Primary energy

balance

(EN1 ISO 52000-1)

rating

Delivered - Exported

Only delivered energy

workshop

1st hurdle: Energy needs

1st requirement:

performance of the building fabric characterized by the energy needs

Characteristics taken into account:

• quality of the building envelope (e.g. insulation, windows),

• bioclimatic design (e.g. orientation, solar gains, natural lighting)

• indoor climatic conditions (avoid possible negative effects).

Characteristics not taken into account:

• Only space heating is considered, e.g. not domestic hot water

• No impact of technical building systems (e.g. heat pumps)

(“Over” insulation without considering performance of

technical building systems leads to sub optimal solutions)

The energy needs are calculated with EN ISO 52016-1

workshop

2nd hurdle: Total primary energy use

2nd requirement

Efficiency of the technical building systems (e.g. HVAC installation),

characterized by the total primary energy use

Rationale for total primary energy factor

• Technical building systems are linked to an energy carrier (e.g. gas boiler).

• Total primary energy use is a coherent and fair way for setting technical building system

requirements. Some systems (e.g. direct electrical emitters) have some of their systems

losses outside the building assessment boundary (e.g. electricity).

• Total primary energy use allows to consider performance using renewable energy (e.g.

biomass boiler)

• Only energies delivered through the assessment boundary from nearby and distant (not

on-site !!) are taken into account (linking with the energy meters /price).

• Difficulty: Different evaluation if systems are moved from “on-site” to “nearby” (e.g. heat

pumps), System losses by on-site renewables (e.g. solar) are not directly covered.

• Positive influence of energies from renewable sources (e.g. active solar systems)

The total primary energy use is calculated with EN ISO 52000-1 + system standards

workshop

3rd hurdle: Non-renewable primary energy use

without compensation between energy carriers

3rd requirement

contribution of energies from renewable sources (e.g. active solar systems) from

“on-site”, “nearby” or “distant” characterized by the non-renewable primary

energy use.

• Building as energy “producer” (not only consumer)

Exported energies, Interaction with grid

• No Overall optimization

Compensation between energy services and energy carriers

The non-renewable primary energy use is calculated with EN ISO 52000-1 +

system standards

workshop

“Arrival”: Final nZEB rating

non-renewable primary energy with compensation

EP= (weighted Delivered – weighted

Exported)

Arrival

Only if the requirement of each hurdle (see before) is

reached then the primary energy balance assessment (rating)

can be made

Country can choose the level of requirement (hurdle height)

(if all hurdles low overall optimization)

workshop

Impact of definition on technologies

Compensation: same or different energy carrier

There are several possibilities of considering exported energies:

one energy carrier can be only compensated by the same energy

carrier

• on-site biogas could be deducted from delivered gas,

• PV electricity from grid electricity

one energy carrier could be compensated by different energy carrier

(e.g. on-site PV electricity production could be deducted from

delivered gas);

Compensation “only between same energy carrier” favors electricity

use (e.g. use of heat pumps instead of condensing boilers)

because exported energy is often electricity produced by PV

workshop

Impact of definition on technologies

Compensation: same or different time step

Possible Time step of compensation

energy compensation only at the same time step (e.g. hourly, monthly,

yearly)

(e.g. auto consumption of produced electricity)

energy compensation at different time step (e.g. it is admitted that the energy used by the building in winter

is compensated by the PV electricity production in summer),

Compensation “only at the same time step” favors auto-consumption and energy

storage

workshop

Flexibility and transparency of national choices

“national tuning screws” – level of requirement

CEN propose the principles (common structure)

Member States defines the level of requirement (hurdle

height) National choice

workshop

Resume

Consequences of nZEB requirements on the end user

(building owner, industrial)

Industrial: National boundary conditions have a strong influence on technical

systems:

• energy carrier, on-site production, auto-consumption, etc

• technical systems will reach or not the nZEB level

technical solution will be out of market

National boundary conditions should be based on cost optimum calculation !!

nZEB definition = important industrial

challenge

nZEB definition: common + transparent metrics

needed

Building owner: energy bill (e.g. class A building but high energy bill)

workshop

The end

Thank you

Energy Performance of Buildings - Agoria · The applicability of EN and EN-ISO EPB standards ......

Documents

Agoria Energy and Environmental installations

Energy Technology Club - Agoria

Frederik Leys wins Agoria award

Presentation of Fortis to Agoria

лектрическая пушка... · Web viewB 2 EPB - B 3 EPB - B 3,3 EPB - B 5 EPBB 9 EPB - B15 EPB - B 22 EPB. AL BGNOTE: CN CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IT LT LV NL

2014 10-01 persconferentie conjunctuur Agoria

Agoria Persconferentie Conjunctuur 02 2015

B 2 EPB - B 3 EPB - B 3,3 EPB - B 5 EPB - B 9 EPB - B 15 EPB - B 22 … · manual de instrucciones para el uso y mantenimiento kÄyttÖ- ja huolto-ohje manuel d’utilisation et de

4511.591V1.2010 Master-instrukcja wersja 2010 epb B22.pdf · 2019. 1. 21. · B 2 EPB B 3 EPB B 3,3 EPB B 5 EPB B 9 EPB B15 EPB B 22 EPB AL Elektrik ngrohës Udhëzimi i ... FR Générateur

Cad epb apostila

Présentation Plateforme Agoria 31 mai 2011

1a Agoria Koritsia Sto Sxoleio

Agoria en het onderwijs

B 2 EPB B 3 EPB B 3,3 EPB B 5 EPB B 9 EPB B15 EPB B 22 EPButleieprodukter.com/no/wp-content/uploads/Brukermanual-Master-B5-EPB.pdf · B 9 EPB B15 EPB B 22 EPB AL Elektrik ngrohës

ePB Product Line

Employer branding 3.0 vanuit AGORIA

Function Manufacturer Car Model Method EPB(PBM) …EPB(PBM) FERRARI 458 Italia F142(gasoline) Garage auto program EPB(PBM) FERRARI 458 Italia F142(gasoline) Assembly disassembly EPB(PBM)

Alfabetische lijst van erkende EPB-verslaggevers lijst van erkende EPB-verslaggevers

STAVINGSCERTIFICAAT EPB

Matemática 5° EPB