PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION

PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATIONPHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION

We will examine the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living things and the environment.

Key ElementsKey Elements

Chloroplasts - Organelles found only in plant cells that carry out photosynthesis.

Mitochondria - Organelles found in plant and animal cells that carry out cellular respiration.

What is Photosynthesis?The process by

which chloroplasts capture sunlight energy and make food for a plant.

The sun is the source of energy for photosynthesis.

Why is Photosynthesis Important?

It is important because it is the only thing that produces oxygen

absorbs CO2

Structural Components:1. Chlorophyll only found in chloroplasts

(leaves) absorb sunlight 

2. Stomata tiny pores (holes) under the

leaves of plants where CO2 enters and oxygen

exits

3. Roots: absorbs water

EQUATIONEQUATION FORFOR PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS

6CO6CO22 + + 6H6H22OO + +ENERGYENERGY produces CC66HH1212OO66 + + 6O6O22

CARBON CARBON DIOXIDEDIOXIDE

WATERWATER

GLUCOSEGLUCOSE

OXYGENOXYGEN

Reactants Products

Photosynthesis Process1: Chlorophyll in chloroplasts absorbs sunlight

2: From sunlight, green plants combine with CO2 from the air, and water from the roots to make sugar and oxygen.

3: Oxygen exits the plant through stomata into the air

4: Plants use sugar to make starch, fats, proteins (food)

5: Food is spread throughout the plants by the stem

“oxygen is released from plants everyday…while carbon dioxide is taken away”

What is Cellular Respiration? A process by which both

plants AND animals cells turns food molecules into usable energy (ATP)

Breathing in and out is often referred to as “respiration” and it is connected to, though not the same as, cellular respiration. Breathing provides the oxygen needed for cellular respiration to occur.

Plants –vs- Animals

Plants are autotrophs and produce their own glucose to be used in the respiration reaction.

Animal are heterotrophs, meaning that they cannot produce their own food and need to get their glucose from a plant OR a plant eating animal.

The energy molecule formed in both plants and animals is called ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

2 stages of Cellular Respiration

Step 1: Glycolysis In the Cytoplasm, glucose is

broken down into 2 smaller molecules (Pyruvic Acid) and a small amount of energy is release (ATP).

Step 2: In the Mitochondria, these 2

smaller molecules are combined with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water and a great deal of energy (ATP) is produced.

EQUATION FOREQUATION FOR RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION

CC66HH1212OO66 + +GLUCOSEGLUCOSE

6O6O22

OXYGENOXYGEN

produces 6CO6CO22 + +

CARBON CARBON DIOXIDEDIOXIDE

6H6H22OO + + ENERGYENERGYWATERWATER ATPATP

Reactants Products

Released into the atmosphere by breathing.

Used by the cells to grow and reproduce.

Used by the cells or released by osmosis and excretion.

Absorbed from the atmosphere by breathing .

Produced in plants by photosynthesis or eaten by animals as food.

HOW IT RELATES!

Overview of photosynthesis Overview of photosynthesis and respirationand respiration

PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS CELLCELLACTIVITIESACTIVITIES

RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION

SUNSUN

RADIANT RADIANT ENERGYENERGY

GLUCOSEGLUCOSE ATP(ENERGY)ATP(ENERGY)

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

equations are essentially opposites of each

other!

Can You See How It Relates?

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Lesson Summary Photosynthesis and cellular

respiration are related. How? Photosynthesis occurs in the

chloroplast of plant cells. Cellular respiration occurs in

the mitochondria of plant and animal cells.

Whenever you see an arrow in our equations, think “produces”.

Reactants produce products. Remember, what one produces the other one needs. It is a cycle.