Radiation & Telescopes ____________ radiation: Transmission of energy through space without physical...
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- Slide 1
- Radiation & Telescopes ____________ radiation: Transmission
of energy through space without physical connection through varying
electric and magnetic fields Example: __________
- Slide 2
- Wave Motion Label the Wave How we see light video
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- _____________: Number of wave _______ that pass a given point
per second __________: Time between passage of successive crests
Relationship: Period = 1 / Frequency
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- Wavelength: ___________ between successive _________ Velocity:
__________ at which crests move Relationship: Velocity =
____________ / ________
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- No limit on wavelengths; different ranges have different names
Note opacity of atmosphere Light and Color Bill Nye Video Part
I
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- Waves The Speed of Light in Glass Video The Speed of Light in
Glass Video Water waves, sound waves, and so on, travel in a
________ (water, air, ) Electromagnetic waves need ____
____________ Created by accelerating _________ particles
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- What is the wave speed of electromagnetic waves? c = 3.0 x 10 8
m/s This speed is very large, but still finite; it can take light
__________ or even __________ of years to traverse astronomical
distances
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- Telescopes ____________ lens
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- Images can be formed through reflection or refraction
_____________ mirror
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- Modern telescopes are all _______________: Light traveling
through lens is refracted differently depending on ____________
Some light traveling through lens is absorbed Large lens can be
very _________, and can only be supported at edge A lens needs two
optically acceptable surfaces; mirror needs only one
- Slide 11
- Types of reflecting telescopes
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- The two 10-m telescopes of the Keck Observatory. (b) Artists
illustration of the telescope, the path taken by an incoming beam
of starlight, and some of the locations where instruments may be
placed. (c) One of the 10-m mirrors. (The odd shape is explained in
Section 5.3.) Note the technician in orange coveralls at center.
(W. M. Keck Observatory) The Keck telescope a modern research
telescope
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- Sunrise on Mauna Kea in JuneMauna Kea
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- Slide 15
- The _______ Space Telescope has a variety of detectors
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- Hubble Telescope image before and after it was fixed
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- Here we compare the best ______________ image of M100, on the
left, with the ______ images on the right
- Slide 18
- Size _________________ power: Improves detail Brightness
proportional to square of radius of mirror Photo (b) was taken with
a telescope twice the size of the telescope that took photo
(a)
- Slide 19
- Size Resolving power: When better, can distinguish objects that
are closer together Resolution is proportional to wavelength and
inversely proportional to telescope size bigger is better!
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- Figure 5-12. Detail becomes clearer in the Andromeda galaxy as
the angular resolution is improved some 600 times, from (a) 10, to
(b) 1, (c) 5, and (d) 1. (Adapted from AURA)
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- Atmospheric ___________ is due to ______ movements
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- Solutions: Put telescopes on _____________, especially in
__________ Put telescopes in _________ Why is it Dark at Night
video
- Slide 23
- ________ telescopes Similar to optical reflecting telescopes
Prime focus ______ sensitive to imperfections (due to ______
wavelength); can be made very _______ Largest radio telescope is
the 300- m dish at _________
- Slide 24
- ________ wavelength means ________ angular resolution
Advantages of radio astronomy: Can observe ____ hours a day Clouds,
rain, and snow _______ ____________ Observations at an entirely
____________ frequency; get totally different ____________
- Slide 25
- Space Based Infrared radiation can produce an image where
visible radiation is __________; generally can use optical
telescope mirrors and lenses
- Slide 26
- _________ telescopes can also be in space; the image on the top
is from the Infrared Astronomy Satellite
- Slide 27
- The __________ Space Telescope, an ___________ telescope, is in
orbit around the Sun. These are some of its images.
- Slide 28
- Ultraviolet observing must be done in ______, as the atmosphere
absorbs almost ______ _____________ rays.
- Slide 29
- ________ image of ___________ remnant __________ rays cannot be
____________ at all; images are therefore __________
- Slide 30
- Full-Spectrum Coverage Figure 5-36. Multiple Wavelengths The
Milky Way Galaxy as it appears at (a) _____, (b) infrared, (c)
______, (d) X-ray, and (e) ____________ wavelengths. Each frame is
a panoramic view covering the entire sky. The center of our Galaxy,
which lies in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, is at
the center of each map. (NRAO; NASA; Lund Observatory; MPI;
NASA)