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Risk & Protective Factors in the Latinx Community
Risk & Protective Factors in the LatinxCommunity
This training was made possible through funding from Grant Number 6U79SP023012-01M001
Disclaimer: The views, opinions, and content expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views, opinions or policies of the National Latino Behavioral Health
Association (NLBHA), the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP), or the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA).
Presented by: Michael Davis & Mary Kate Chapman, GUIDE
Housekeeping
• The Recording and PPT Slide Deck
• All Lines Muted
• Q&A Session- Q&A Box
• Post-Training Evaluation- External Link
Our Mission
The Mission and Goal of The National Latino Behavioral Health
Association is to influence national behavioral health policy,
eliminate disparities in funding and access to services, and
improve the quality of services and treatment outcomes for Latino
populations.
Our Objective is to provide National leadership on mental health and substance abuse concerns of the Latino community. NLBHA’s Policy Priorities are:
1. Targeted Capacity Expansion of Mental Health Services for Latinos
2. Latino Behavioral Health Evidenced Based Practices
3. Legislation to increase the number of Counselors/Therapists/Other
Behavioral Health Practitioners
4. Funding for Co-Occurring Disorders of Alcohol and Substance Abuse
5. Opioid Crisis in the Latino Community
6. Suicide Prevention
National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center
Pierluigi Mancini, PhD, MAC
Project Director
Dolka Michelle Zelaya, PCS
Project Coordinator
Priscila Giamassi
Executive Admin. Assistant
Risk & Protective Factors
in the Latinx Community
Mary Kate ChapmanAssociate Executive Director,
Positive Youth Development
Michael W. DavisAssociate Executive Director,
Prevention
Who is GUIDE?• Nonprofit based in Gwinnett
County, GA
• Prevention • Underage Drinking
• Vaping/Tobacco
• Opioid Misuse & Abuse
• Suicide Prevention
• Positive Youth Development• Georgia Teen Institute
• Youth Leadership Summit
• Georgia Afterschool & Youth Development
Gwinnett County • One of US’s fasting-growing
counties for the past 20 years
• 2019 Est. Population: 936,250
• Demographics (2010 Census) • 54.5% White• 29.3% Black or African American• 12.4% Asian • 2.8% Multiracial • 21.5% Hispanic or Latino
• Largest school system in Georgia and 14th largest in US
• Houses a technical college, four-year university and post graduate medical college
Choose the best answer from the list below, and type your answer in the chat box.
Why is it important to
understand Risk & Protective
Factors?
A. They can help you intervene in a crisis situation.
B. They can help you design your programs and services to best empower youth.
C. They are not important to understand in youth-serving programs.
D. Risk factors are unimportant, but protective factors can be helpful.
Risk Factors
Attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and circumstances that put
individuals at risk for substance abuse
The more risk factors, the more likely an individual will
engage in problem behaviors
By reducing, buffering or eliminating risk factors, the
individual becomes less vulnerable
Six Domains of Risk Factors
▪ Individual
▪ Family
▪ Peer
▪ School
▪ Community
▪ Society*
*Does not interact
with the individual
Individual Risk Factors
Uncontrollable Variables
▪ Genetic predisposition (family history of alcoholism)
▪ Age (early adolescence through young adulthood)
▪ Gender (doesn’t appear associated with increased risk)
Controllable Variables▪ Attitudes, beliefs, skills and behaviors
Family Risk Factors
▪ Family situations
▪ Family management
▪ Family history of problem behaviors
What about single parent families?
▪ Often assumed to be a risk factor
▪ Not shown by research to be
a risk factor
▪ May lead to other risk factors because of increased stress,
economic factors, a parent’s use of alcohol or other drugs
What about Latinx families?
▪ Generational Status
▪ Familism
▪ Language learning and immersion
▪ Loss of cultural identity in the family or children
▪ Political Ideology
o Immigration and other policies
Peer Risk Factors
▪ Associations
▪ Peer Pressure
▪ Assimilation Pressure
o Peer & Self
School Risk Factors
▪ School climate
▪ Academic performance
▪ Transitions
▪ ESOL programs and language immersion
Community Risk Factors
▪ Economic and social problems
▪ Presence of drugs and crime
▪ Lack of opportunities
▪ Political ideology
Societal Risk Factors
▪ Media messages
▪ Social and economic situations
▪ Political ideology
Choose the best answer from the list below, and type your answer in the chat box.
What are the six domains of Risk
& Protective Factors?
A. Self, School, Media, Community, Family, Society
B. Self, School, Peer, Partnerships, Family, Society
C. Self, School, Peer, Community, Family, Society
D. Self, School, Peer, Community, Family, Global
Relationships Among Risk Factors
▪ Risk factors exist in all areas of life.
▪ The more risk factors there are, the greater the risk.
▪ Common risk factors predict diverse problem behaviors.
Risk Factor ATOD Delinq Teen Preg DropOut
Violence
FAMILY DOMAIN
Family history of problem behavior X X X X X
Family management problems X X X X X
Family conflict X X X X X
Favorable parental attitudes/involvement X X X
INDIVIDUAL & PEER DOMAINS
Early & persistent antisocial behavior X X X X X
Rebelliousness X X X
Friends who engage in problem behavior X X X X X
Gang involvement X X X
Favorable attitudes toward the problem behavior X X X X
Early initiation of problem behavior X X X X X
Constitutional factors X X X
Risk Factor ATOD Delinq Teen Preg DropOut
Violence
SCHOOL DOMAIN
Academic failure beginning in late elementary school X X X X X
Lack of commitment to school X X X X X
COMMUNITY DOMAIN
Availability of alcohol and other drugs X X
Availability of firearms X X
Community laws & norms favorable to alcohol & other drug use, firearms, crime
X X X
Media portrayal s of violence X
Transitions and mobility X X X
Low neighborhood attachment & community disorganization
X X X
Extreme economic deprivation X X X X X
Patterns of Co-occurrence of Risk Behaviors
If at risk in…
Then the likelihood of risk in the following areas is:
Alcohol TobaccoIllicitDrugs
SexualActivity
Depression Suicide
Anti-socialSchool
ProblemsUnsafeDriving
Alcohol--- 42% 27% 70% 33% 49% 23% 86%
Tobacco 66% --- 35% 77% 39% 53% 26% 85%
Illicit Drugs 72% 34% --- 84% 46% 61% 32% 88%
Sexual Activity 49% 34% 22% --- 34% 41%19%
77%
DepressionSuicide
41% 30% 21% 59% --- 38% 18% 73%
AntisocialBehavior
54% 37% 24% 64% 34% --- 22% 82%
SchoolProblems
62% 43% 31% 72% 40% 53% --- 82%
UnsafeDriving
41% 25% 15% 52% 28% 35% 15% ---
Relationships Among Risk Factors
▪ Risk factors show much
consistency in effects across
different races and cultures.
▪ Protective factors may
buffer exposure to risk.
Protective FactorsThe attitudes, beliefs, behaviors and circumstances that build resilience.
Factors that contribute to resilience:
▪ Strong relationship with a parent or caring adult;
▪ Feelings of success and a sense of mastery;
▪ Strong internal and external resources (health, self-esteem, sense of
humor);
▪ Social and problem-solving skills;
▪ Hope, the belief that odds can be overcome with perseverance and
hard work; and
▪ Surviving previous stressful situations.
Individual Protective Factors
▪ Competencies and confidence
▪ Relationships
▪ Engagement
▪ Cultural appreciation
Family Protective Factors
▪ Parenting style
▪ Family relationships
▪ Familism
▪ Culture
Peer Protective Factors
▪ Associations
▪ Involvement
▪ Respect and understanding for cultures and differences
School Protective Factors
▪ School climate
▪ ESOL/ELL Quality Programs
▪ Bilingual Staff
▪ Latinx Teachers and Administrators
▪ Opportunities
Community Protective Factors
▪ Availability and access to resources and support
▪ Bilingual program and services
▪ Cultural respect, representation, and celebrations
▪ Opportunities and standards for youth
Societal Protective Factors
▪ Responsibility in the media
▪ Positive representation in media and politics
▪ Changing consequences
Protective Factors Summary
Protective factors appear to offset risk factors.
People who have multiple protective factors are more
likely than those who lack them to avoid drug use and
make healthy life choices.
Choose the best answer from the list below, and type your answer in the chat box.
What is a good example of using
a Protective Factor to offset a
Risk Factor?
A. Student is having truancy issues, so the school suspends the student.
B. An elementary student is struggling with math, so the teacher takes away his/her recess.
C. The city wants to increase revenue, so it allows more alcohol retail establishments to open in the community.
D. The community is lacking in afterschool opportunities, so a nonprofit starts a free soccer league.
Need to Address Multiple Risk & Protective Factors
Risks exist in multiple life domains.
Individuals are at risk and are at the center of prevention efforts.
Individuals are affected by family, peer, school, community and societal influences.
Prevention programs strengthen protective factors in multiple domains and surround individuals with "protective circles."
Need to Address Multiple Risk & Protective Factors
Programs vary in the range of factors addressed and in intensity
depending upon the target audience.
Selective programs are generally more intense and often address more
risk and protective factors than universal programs, for example.
All current programs should employ strategies proven to be effective in
reducing substance abuse and related problem behaviors or that show
great promise.
A simple premise…
To prevent a problem from happening, we need to:
▪ Identify the factors that increase the risk of that problem
developing.
▪ Find ways to reduce the risk.
▪ Identify factors that buffer individuals from the risk factors
present in their environments.
▪ Find ways to increase these protective factors.
Lesson Learned • Partnerships are key to providing the most culturally competent programs
• Language matters- our office has placed a priority on having staff that can speak multiple languages. We also contract with folks to help out at our events and programs that speak multiple languages.
• Cultural humility is important in our work. There is no way to know everything about every culture, so stay open.
• Images and media matters – we broadcast our messages on English and Spanish speaking stations, publish our banners and billboards multiple languages, and create PSAs in multiple languages.
• Design programs for the most vulnerable populations.
Final question…
What is your top take away from
today’s webinar?
Type your answer in the chat box!
COVID-19 RELATED RESOURCES
SAMHSA’s Disaster Distress Helpline
Toll Free: 1-800-985-5990 (español e inglés)
Text in Spanish: Envíe “Háblanos” al 66746
Text in English: “TalkWithUs” al 66746
(TTY): 1-800-846-8517
English: http://www.disasterdistress.samhsa.gov
Spanish: http://www.samhsa.gov/find-
help/disasterdistress-helpline/espanol
SAMHSA’s National Helpline
Toll-Free: 1-800-662-HELP (24/7/365 Treatment
Referral
Information Service in English and Español)
Website: http://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/national-
helpline
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
Toll Free: 1-888-628-9454
English: 1-800-273-TALK (8255)
(TTY): 1-800-799-4TTY (4889)
Spanish:
http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org/gethelp
/spanish.aspx
English:
http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org
SAMHSA Behavioral Health Treatment
Services Locator
Sitio Web: https://findtreatment.gov
COVID-19 RELATED RESOURCES (cont.)
The National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center is pleased to
provide new fact sheets on Prevention Tools for Latino Families During COVID-19 to
download and distribute.
This fact sheet has been translated from English to both Spanish and Portuguese.
Please click on the links to access the new fact sheets.
https://pttcnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/PTTCPrevention-covid-English.pdf
https://pttcnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/PTTCPrevention-covid-Spanish.pdf
https://pttcnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/PTTCPrevention-covid-Portuguese.pdf
Risk and Protective Factors: Hispanic Population
https://www.sprc.org/resources-programs/risk-protective-factors-hispanic-populations
Chequeo familiar: La crianza positiva previene el abuso de las drogas
https://www.drugabuse.gov/es/publicaciones/chequeo-familiar/introduccion
Cómo prevenir el uso de drogas en los niños y los adolescentes (segunda edición)
https://www.drugabuse.gov/es/publicaciones/como-prevenir-el-uso-de-drogas/reconocimientos
Video: Factores múltiples que influyen en la adicción
https://www.drugabuse.gov/videos/factores-multiples-que-influyen-en-la-adiccion
DrugFacts: Lecciones aprendidas de las investigaciones sobre la prevención
https://www.drugabuse.gov/es/publicaciones/drugfacts/lecciones-aprendidas-de-las-
investigaciones-sobre-la-prevencion
RESOURCES
For more information about GUIDE contact us at:
Facebook, Instagram, & Twitter:
@guidegti
Website:
guideinc.org
Or directly at:
Mary Kate Chapman, MA, ICPS
Marykate@guideinc.org
Michael W. Davis, Ph.D. CP
Michael@guideinc.org
For more information and FREE training and technical assistance you can
reach us at:
PTTCnetwork.org/hispaniclatino
www.nlbha.org
Or directly at:
Pierluigi Mancini, PhD, MAC Dolka Zelaya Priscila Giamassi
pierluigi@nlbha.org dmzelaya@nlbha.org priscila@nlbha.org
678-883-6118 678-832-7033 678-822-1308
More information at : nlbhconference2020.com
Satisfaction Evaluation
Thank you for attending our presentation.
Gracias por atender a nuestra presentación.
Obrigado por participar desta apresentação.
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