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San Diego’s Water Supply Is it Sustainable?Public Utilities Department Briefing
January 10, 2013
Cathleen Pieroni, Principal Water Resources Specialist
Presentation to the Green Scene
What does Water Supply Sustainability mean to San Diego?
• Living within our water “means”?
• Living within our water and energy “means”?
• Having enough reliable water supplies to meet present and future water demands?
• Minimal negative impacts to the environment?
San Diego – America’s Finest City
• Average of 267 days/year are mostly sunny
• Semi arid or Mediterranean Climate
• Average is less than 12 inches of rain annually
• Wettest year was 1941 with 24.93 inches
• Driest year was 1953 with 3.23 inches
San Diego’s Limited Rainfall
Diminishing Sierra Snowpack% Remaining, Relative to 1961-1990
(Hanemann et al., 2004)
Local Surface Water 7.30%
Imported Water 76.8%
Conservation 13.1%
Recycled Water 2.80% Groundwater 0.10%
City of San Diego’s Water Supplies Seven Year Historical Average – FY
2005 - 2012
Living Within Our Water “Means”City of San Diego’s Historic Direct Water Use Statistics
19701971
19721973
19741975
19761977
19781979
19801981
19821983
19841985
19861987
19881989
19901991
19921993
19941995
19961997
19981999
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20120
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Water Use in Acre-Feet
Population Growth
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 20120
50
100
150
200
250
175195 189
156172
157133 126
Chart Title
Living Within Our Water “Means”City of San Diego’s Historic Direct Water Use Statistics
City of San Diego’s Long-Range Water Resources Plan (2012)
Relation to Other Planning Work
LRWRP• Strategic planning• Conceptual
analysis• Examines trade-
offs between alternatives
• Develops overall targets for supply & demand-side programs
Master Plans and
Studies
• Facilities plans for water & recycled water
• Groundwater management plans & studies
CIP
• Identified projects for near-term implementation
• Detailed cost and schedule information
UWMP• Required by State
every five years• Compares supplies
and demands under normal & dry years
• Summarizes conservation & drought management
Long-Range Water Resources Planning Process
What is the 2012 LRWRP?
• High-level strategy for City’s water resources• Evaluates water supply and demand-side options
against multiple planning objectives• Takes a long-range viewpoint, through year 2035• Addresses risk and uncertainty of future conditions
Projected 2035 Supply Mix Under Critically Dry Conditions
2012 LRWRP Planning Process
• An open, participatory planning• Stakeholder driven process• The evaluation process relied on
– engineering expertise– past technical studies– water demand forecasting– simulation models & decision tools
Stakeholders• Don Billings
Independent Rates Oversight Committee
• Gordon Hess, P.E.
San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce
• Sean KarafinSan Diego County Taxpayers Association
• Mike McSweeneyBuilding Industry Association of San Diego
• Jim PeughIndependent Rates Oversight Committee
• Glen SchmidtSchmidt Design Group, Inc.
• Irene Stallard-RodriguezIndependent Rates Oversight Committee
• Yen TuCity-10 Representative
• Gail Welch Independent Rates Oversight Committee
• Daniel WerySan Diego Section of the American Planning Association
• Jill WitkowskiSan Diego Coastkeeper
2012 LRWRP Objectives(defined in Stakeholder Meeting #1)
Evaluate Portfolios
Common Elements in Top Portfolios(Stakeholder Committee Meeting #3 & #4)
San Diego’s Potential New Local Supply: Water Purification
Upstream Wastewater Discharges
www.purewatersd.org
Water Purification: a proven technology
Fairfax County, Virginia, 1982
Orange County, California, 2008
www.purewatersd.org
www.purewatersd.org
A look inside…
24
The Water Purification Process
Demonstration Project Concept
Sustainability Benefits of Water Purification
• Local Supply– Living within our water “means”
• Uses Less Energy than Imported Water – Living within our water and energy “means”
• Could provide a significant amount of the City of San Diego’s future water supplies – Having enough reliable water supplies to
meet present and future water demands
• Beneficial to the Environment
• BIOCOM • Building Industry Association of San Diego • Building Owners and Managers Association, San Diego Chapter • Citizens Coordinate for Century 3 • Coastal Environmental Rights Foundation • Empower San Diego • Endangered Habitats League • Environmental Health Coalition • Friends of Infrastructure • Industrial Environmental Association • National Association of Industrial and Office Properties• San Diego and Imperial Counties Labor Council
• San Diego Audubon Society • San Diego Regional Economic Development Corporation • San Diego Coastkeeper • San Diego County Apartment Association• San Diego County Taxpayers Association• San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce • San Diego River Park Foundation • Surfrider Foundation, San Diego Chapter • Sustainability Alliance of Southern California • Utility Consumers’ Action Network
Friends of Infrastructure
WWW.SDWATERSUPPLY.COM
Questions?
Water Footprint
• On a per capita basis, the average Californian’s water footprint is 1,500 gallons a day
– Source: California’s Water Footprint. December 2012. J Fulton, H Cooley, P Gleick – Pacific Institute.
• More than 90% is associated with agricultural products
Water Usage
• San Diegans (City) use an average of 126 gallons per capita per day.– Water for drinking, bathing, washing, outdoors
irrigation, commercial uses, etc.
• Total Water Footprint is 1,500 gpd in California– More than 90% of CA’s water footprint is
associated with agricultural products.
Why is per Capita Water Use Declining?
• Water Conservation Programs– Low water-using fixtures and irrigation– Waste No Water Campaign– Other incentives: www.sandiego.gov/water/conservation
• Recycled Water Program• Land Densification• Cost of Water is Increasing – economic price
points being reached– Cost of imported water has doubled in the last 10 years– One gallon of San Diego’s tap water still costs less than one
penny
How much is 126 GPCPD?
• Assume:– Family of four people– Truck holds 4,000 gallons
• How Many Truckloads of Water per Year?– 46 Truckloads annually
local su
rface
groundwate
r
importe
d
ocean
desalin
ated
non-potable
recyc
led
potable
recyc
led
conser
vation
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Kilo
watt
-hou
rs p
er a
cre-
foot
negl
igib
le
Energy Used by San Diego’s Water Supply Options (2010)
Source: Equinox Center, San Diego’s Water Sources: Assessing the Options, July 2010
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