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Southern, Southern, Middle & New Middle & New
England England ColoniesColonies
Southern ColoniesVirginia (1607) – Jamestown
1st English colony in N.A.
Province of Carolina (1629) Split into NC & SC (1712)
Maryland (1632) Founded by Cecilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore)
Haven for Catholics (Act of Toleration-1649)
Georgia (1733) Founded by James Oglethorpe
Debtors
Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations
Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo
Southern Colonies
Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations
Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo Relied on slave labor
Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations
Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo Relied on slave labor
In the “west” - subsistence farming, hunting, trading
Southern ColoniesEconomies based on large plantations
Cash Crops Tobacco, rice, & indigo Relied on slave labor
In the “west” - subsistence farming, hunting, trading
Government Controlled by wealthy land-holders
Strong connection to England Virginia House of Burgesses (1619)
1st elected legislature in N.A.
Virginia House of
Burgesses
Middle ColoniesProvince of New York
Originally New Netherland (1613) New York (1664)
Delaware New Netherland & New Sweden (1638)
English in 1664
New Jersey (1664)
Province of Pennsylvania Land grant to William Penn (1681)
Quakers
Middle ColoniesEconomy was based on shipbuilding, small-scale
farming, & trading NY & Philly key trading centers
Middle ColoniesEconomy was based on shipbuilding, small-scale
farming, & trading NY & Philly key trading centers
Toleration Groups persecuted in Europe found refuge here
Quakers, Mennonites, Amish – PA Jews, Huguenots – NY Presbyterians - NJ
New York City (1771)
Middle ColoniesEconomy was based on shipbuilding, small-scale
farming, & trading NY & Philly key trading centers
Toleration Groups persecuted in Europe found refuge here
Quakers, Mennonites, Amish – PA Jews, Huguenots – NY Presbyterians - NJ
Government reflected this as well Democratic principles reflected the basic rights of
Englishmen
New England ColoniesMassachusetts (1691)
Plymouth (1620) & Mass. Bay (1628) Separatist & Puritans
Connecticut (1635)
Rhode Island & Providence Plantations (1636) Roger Williams & Anne Hutchison
Province of New Hampshire (1680)
New England ColoniesReligion
Founded by groups seeking religious freedom Pilgrims (Plymouth) John Winthrop (Mass. Bay Colony)
Puritans “City on a hill” Salem Witch Trials (1692-93)
Rhode Island Founded by people kicked out of Mass.
New England ColoniesEconomy
Based on shipbuilding, fishing & whaling, lumbering, subsistence farming
Charles W. Morgan – Mystic, CTCharles W. Morgan – Mystic, CT
New England ColoniesEconomy
Based on shipbuilding, fishing &whaling, lumbering, subsistence farming
Prosperous → reflected Puritans’ strong belief in hard work & thrift
Government “Athenian” town hall – pure democracy
Only for “true believers” Mayflower Compact (1620) Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)
1st written constitution democratic
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