The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS): 2003 National, State, and Local Data

The Youth Risk Behavior The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS):Surveillance System (YRBSS):

20032003

National, State, and Local DataNational, State, and Local Data

Purposes of the YRBSS

Focus the nation on behaviors among youth causing the most important health problems

Assess how risk behaviors change over time

Provide comparable data

Behaviors That Contribute to the Leading Causes of Morbidity and Mortality

Behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence

Tobacco use

Alcohol and other drug use

Sexual behaviors

Unhealthy dietary behaviors

Inadequate physical activity

Leading Causes of Death Among Persons Aged 10-24 Years in the U.S., 2001

Suicide12%

Motor Vehicle Crashes

Other Unintentional

I njuries12%

Other Causes29%

Homicide15%

Leading Causes of Death Among Persons Aged 25 Years and Older in the U.S., 2001

Cancer24%

Other Causes29%

COPD5%

Diabetes3%

Cardiovascular Disease

Impact of Sexual Behaviors

870,000 pregnancies occur each year among 15-19 year olds

490,000 live births occur each year to teen mothers aged 15-19 years

3 million sexually transmitted diseases occur each year among 13-19 year olds

Characteristics of the National, State, and Local School-based YRBS

9th-12th grade students

Probability samples of schools and students

Anonymous

Self-administered computer-scannable questionnaire

Completed in one class period (45 minutes)

Conducted biennially during the spring

2003 National YRBS

National probability sample of public and private schools

n=15,214

School-level response rate = 81%

Student-level response rate = 83%

Overall response rate = 67%

Response Rates and Sample Sizes National YRBS, 1991-2003

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

School response rate

75% 78% 70% 79% 77% 75% 81%

Student response rate

90% 90% 86% 87% 86% 83% 83%

Overall response rate

68% 70% 60% 69% 66% 63% 67%

Sample size 12,272 16,296 10,904 16,262 15,349 13,601 15,214

State and Local YRBS Participation1991 - 2003

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Number of states (excluding DC)

26 40 39 38 41 37 43

Number of territories 2 2 5 4 4 7 5

Number of cities (including DC)

11 14 17 17 17 19 22

Total number of sites 39 56 61 59 62 63 69

Number and percent of weighted sites

YRBSS Information

www.cdc.gov/yrbss

2003 questionnaire and item rationale

MMWR Surveillance Summaries

Youth 2003 Online

Data and codebooks for the national surveys

Publications, journal articles, and fact sheets

Policy and Program Applications

Describe risk behaviors

Create awareness

Set program goals

Develop programs and policies

Support health-related legislation

Seek funding

Describe Risk Behaviors

Overall and among subgroups of youth

How risk behaviors are interrelated

Create Awareness

Among: Legislators, boards of education, and school

administrators Parents Community members School staff Students Media

Set Program Goals

Strategic plans for school health programs

Healthy People 2010 objectives

American Cancer Society measures of success

CDC’s Performance Plan

HIV Prevention Strategic Plan Through 2005

Develop Programs and Policies

School health programs and policies

Programs and policies for youth in high risk situations

Instructional guides and materials

Teacher training programs

Support Health-Related Legislation

School health program requirements

School health council requirements

Drug-free or weapon-free school zone laws

Minors access laws

Drinking and driving laws

Bans on billboards and other advertising

Competitive food policies

Seek Funding

Justify funding from federal, state, and private agencies and foundations

2003 YRBS Results

Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,* by Gender and

Race/Ethnicity, 2003

National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

* When riding in a car driven by someone else** M > F

21.516.9

20.6 20.218.214.6

Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,* 1991 - 2003

* When riding in a car driven by someone else1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1991 - 2003

25.919.1 21.7 19.3

16.4 18.21

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Seat Belts,*

Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* When riding in a car driven by someone else

State and Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2003

5.6 5.4

15.112.1

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Bicycle Helmets,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Among the 62.3% of students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey** B, H > W; B > H

87.283.8

94.690.185.9

Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic**

* Among students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Bicycle Helmets,* 1991 - 2003

96.2 92.8 92.888.4

85.3 85.9184.7

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Rarely or Never Wore Bicycle Helmets,*

* Among students who rode bicycles during the 12 months preceding the survey

86.6 89.095.7 97.1

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* by Gender and

* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey** H > W, B

29.2 28.5 30.936.4

30.2 31.1

Total Female Male White Black Hispanic**

* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol,* 1991 - 2003

39.935.3

38.8 36.633.1 30.2130.7

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Rode with a Driver Who Had Been

Drinking Alcohol,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey

17.9 18.6

42.8 40.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Drove After Drinking Alcohol,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

15.0 12.99.1 11.712.1

Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic

* In a car or other vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

Percentage of High School Students Who Drove After Drinking Alcohol,* 1991 - 2003

16.713.5 15.4 16.9

13.1 12.1113.3

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Drove After Drinking Alcohol,* Across

32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* In a car or vehicle one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey

7.44.5

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F

16.7 17.3 16.517.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* 1991 - 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

26.122.1 20.0 18.3 17.3 17.1117.4

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon,* Across 28 States

and 18 Cities, 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

12.3 11.3

16.9 16.0

24.6 25.0

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Gun,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F

10.25.9 6.0 5.4

6.11.6

Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Gun,* 1993 - 2003

* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

7.9 7.6 5.9 4.9 6.115.7

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Gun,* Across 26 States and

18 Cities, 2003

* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

3.4 3.4

5.9 5.7

10.58.9

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; B, H > W; B > H

39.736.133.0

Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight,* 1991 - 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

42.5 41.838.7 36.6 35.7 33.0133.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight,* Across 32

States and 18 Cities, 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey

26.4 27.230.3

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Injured in a Physical Fight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey with injuries that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse ** M > F; B, H > W

5.7 2.9 5.5 5.24.22.6

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Injured in a Physical Fight,* 1991 - 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey with injuries that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse1 No change over time

4.4 4.0 4.2 3.5 4.0 4.214.0

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Injured in a Physical Fight,*

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey with injuries that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse

2.4 2.3

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Experienced Dating Violence,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months preceding the survey** B, H > W; B > H

8.9 7.013.9

9.38.9 8.8

Percentage of High School Students Who Experienced Dating Violence,* 1999 - 2003

* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time

8.8 9.5 8.91

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Experienced Dating Violence,* Across 29 States and

17 Cities, 2003

6.57.3

10.011.7

States Cities

* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by a boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months preceding the survey

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Physically Forced to Have Sexual Intercourse, by Gender and

* F > M; B, H > W

6.1 7.312.3 10.49.0 11.9

Total Female* Male White Black* Hispanic*

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Physically Forced to Have Sexual

Intercourse, Across 26 States and 15 Cities, 2003

5.4 5.5

8.7 8.5

12.411.0

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Unsafe at School or On Their Way To or From School ,* by Gender

and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** B, H > W

5.5 3.18.4 9.45.4 5.3

Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Unsafe at School or On Their Way To or From School ,* 1993 -

* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

4.4 4.5 4.0 5.2 5.416.6

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Unsafe at School or On Their Way To or From School,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities,

* On > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

5.54.9

9.88.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon on School Property,* by Gender and

* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F

8.95.5 6.9 6.06.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon on School Property,* 1993 - 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

11.8 9.8 8.5 6.9 6.116.4

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Carried a Weapon on School Property,*

* For example, a gun, knife, or club on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

3.2 3.5

5.8 6.1

10.1 10.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Threatened or Injured with a Weapon on School Property,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; B > W

11.67.8

10.9 9.49.26.5

Total Female Male** White Black** Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Threatened or Injured with a Weapon on School

Property,* 1993 - 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time

7.3 8.4 7.4 7.7 9.218.9

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Threatened or Injured with a

Weapon on School Property,* Across 32 States and18 Cities, 2003

* For example, a gun, knife, or club one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey

5.26.87.5

9.79.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School Property,* by Gender and

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; B, H > W

17.1 16.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School Property,* 1993 - 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

16.2 15.5 14.8 14.2 12.8112.5

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were in a Physical Fight on School

Property,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

8.6 9.3

15.314.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Property Stolen or Deliberately Damaged on School Property,* by

Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; H > W

33.128.2 30.4 32.3

26.229.8

Total Female Male** White Black Hispanic**

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Property Stolen or Deliberately

Damaged on School Property,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

23.0 22.9

28.8 29.0

35.7 36.2

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Sad or Hopeless,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for > 2 weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the 12 months preceding the survey

** F > M; H > W, B

21.926.2 26.3

35.428.6

Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Sad or Hopeless,* 1999 - 2003

* Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for > 2 weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time

National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1999 – 2003

28.3 28.3 28.61

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Felt Sad or Hopeless,* Across 32 States

and 18 Cities, 2003

* Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for > 2 weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the 12 months preceding the survey

25.927.9

31.131.934.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide,* by Gender and

* During the 12 months preceding the survey

** F > M; W, H > B

12.816.5

12.518.116.9 21.3

Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide,* 1991 - 2003

* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

29.024.1 24.1

20.5 19.3 16.9119.0

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

21.019.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Made a Suicide Plan,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

** W, H > B

14.1 16.210.4

17.616.5 18.9

Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Made a Suicide Plan,* 1991 - 2003

* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

18.6 19.0 17.7 15.7 14.5 16.5114.8

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Made a Suicide Plan,* Across 30 States

and 17 Cities, 2003

13.311.7

17.2 16.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Actually Attempted Suicide,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

** F > M; H > W, B

5.4 6.9 8.4 10.68.5 11.5

Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Actually Attempted Suicide,* 1991 - 2003

* One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time

7.3 8.6 8.7 7.7 8.3 8.518.8

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Actually Attempted Suicide,* Across 31

6.67.4

8.59.9

11.9 12.3

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Whose Suicide Attempt Required Medical Attention,* by Gender and

** B, H > W

2.4 1.7 3.7 5.02.9 3.2

Percentage of High School Students Whose Suicide Attempt Required Medical Attention,* 1991 - 2003

* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 No change over time

1.7 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.912.6

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Whose Suicide Attempt Required Medical

Attention,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

1.6 1.72.7

4.85.0

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cigarette Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs

58.7 58.1 58.461.958.4 58.1

Total Female Male White Black Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

70.1 69.5 71.3 70.2 70.4

58.4163.9

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cigarette Use,*

* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs

59.953.5

71.166.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Daily Cigarette Use,* by Gender and

* Ever smoked 1 cigarettes every day for 30 days** W > B, H

15.718.9

8.2 10.7

15.8 15.8

Total Female Male White** Black Hispanic

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Daily Cigarette Use,*

* Ever smoked > 1 cigarettes every day for 30 days

6.07.9

States Cities

* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** W > B, H

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

21.824.9

15.118.4

21.9 21.9

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

27.530.5

34.8 36.4 34.8

21.9128.5

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigarette Use,* Across

* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

7.39.1

States Cities

* Smoked cigarettes on > 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey

** W > B, H

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Frequent Cigarette Use,* by Gender and

9.6 11.85.5 5.5

9.7 9.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Frequent Cigarette Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Smoked cigarettes on > 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

12.7 13.8 16.1 16.7 16.8

9.7113.8

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Frequent Cigarette

Use,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* Smoked cigarettes on 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey

3.01.7

States Cities

* Smoked > 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H

Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked > 10 Cigarettes Per Day,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

3.6 3.4 1.4 1.73.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked > 10 Cigarettes Per Day,* 1991 - 2003

* Smoked > 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

4.9 4.6 5.7 5.0 5.2 3.114.1

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked > 10 Cigarettes Per Day,*

* Smoked > 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days preceding the survey

0.3 0.2

States Cities

* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F; W > B

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Smokeless Tobacco Use,* by Gender and

11.07.6

3.0 4.76.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Smokeless Tobacco Use,* 1995 - 2003

* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

11.4 9.3 7.8 6.718.2

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Smokeless Tobacco

* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

3.11.5

States Cities

* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigar Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

19.915.1 15.0 13.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigar Use,* 1997 - 2003

* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

22.017.7

14.8115.2

1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cigar Use,* Across

* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

18.717.0

States Cities

* Smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F; W > B, H

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Tobacco Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

30.3 31.1

19.322.4

27.524.6

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Tobacco Use,* 1997 - 2003

* Smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

43.440.2

27.5133.9

1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Tobacco Use,* Across

* Smoked cigarettes or cigars or used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

10.311.8

States Cities

* Among the 20.8% of students who were aged < 18 years who smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** During the 30 days preceding the survey*** M > F

Percentage of High School Students* Who Purchased Cigarettes at a Store or Gas Station,** by Gender and

24.217.5

21.8 23.818.9

Total Female Male*** White Black Hispanic

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students* Who Purchased Cigarettes at a Store or Gas

Station,** Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003

13.216.3

22.724.1

States Cities

* Among the 20.8% of students who were aged < 18 years who smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** During the 30 days preceding the survey

* Ever had 1 drinks of alcohol on ≥ 1 days ** H > B

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Alcohol Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

73.7 75.471.4

79.574.9 76.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Alcohol Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Ever had > 1 drinks of alcohol on ≥ 1 days1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

81.6 80.9 80.4 79.1 81.074.9178.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Alcohol Use,* Across

* Ever had 1 drinks of alcohol on ≥ 1 days

75.770.1

81.1 81.5

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** W, H > B

43.847.1

45.644.9 45.8

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

50.8 48.051.6 50.8 50.0

44.9147.1

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Alcohol Use,* Across

* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

44.337.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Drank > 5 drinks of alcohol in a row on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** W, H > B

29.031.8

28.928.327.5

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,* 1991 - 2003

* Drank 5 drinks of alcohol in a row on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

31.3 30.0 32.6 33.4 31.528.3129.9

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Episodic Heavy Drinking,*

* Drank 5 drinks of alcohol in a row on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Used marijuana ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** M > FNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

42.739.8

43.3 42.740.237.6

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Used marijuana ≥ 1 times during their lifetime1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

31.3 32.8

42.447.1 47.2

40.2142.4

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Marijuana Use,*

* Used marijuana ≥ 1 times during their lifetime

42.5 40.9

49.6 52.2

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Used marijuana 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey** M > FNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

25.121.7 23.9 23.822.4

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Used marijuana 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

14.717.7

25.3 26.2 26.722.4123.9

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Marijuana Use,*

* Used marijuana 1 times during 30 days preceding the survey

21.9 22.3

30.628.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > B; H > W

9.5 8.73.2

12.58.77.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

5.9 4.9 7.0 8.2 9.5 8.719.4

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Cocaine Use,* Across

* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, “crack,” or “freebase”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime

12.711.9

States Cities

* Used cocaine 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey** W, H > B; H > W

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cocaine Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

4.6 3.8 2.25.74.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cocaine Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Used cocaine 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

1.7 1.9 3.1 3.3 4.0 4.114.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Cocaine Use,* Across

* Used cocaine > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey

3.82.8

5.84.9

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Inhalant Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > B

12.6 12.87.0

12.712.111.4

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Inhalant Use,* 1995 - 2003

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

20.316.0 14.6 12.1114.7

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Inhalant Use,* Across

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high ≥ 1 times during their lifetime

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Inhalant Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey

4.3 3.6 3.0 4.33.9 3.4

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Inhalant Use,* 1999 - 2003

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time

4.2 4.7 3.9

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Current Inhalant Use,* Across

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey

2.41.4

3.8 3.6

5.5 5.0

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Heroin Use,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Used heroin (also called “smack,” “junk,” or “China White”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** M > F; H > W

4.3 2.6 2.6 3.93.32.0

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Heroin Use,* 1999 - 2003

* Used heroin (also called “smack,” “junk,” or “China White”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 No change over time

2.4 3.1 3.3

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Heroin Use,* Across

* Used heroin (also called “smack,” “junk,” or “China White”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime

1.7 1.4

2.82.3

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Methamphetamine Use,* by Gender and

* Used methamphetamines (also called “speed,” “crystal,” “crank,” or “ice”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

8.3 8.13.1

8.37.66.8

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Methamphetamine Use,* 1999 - 2003

* Used methamphetamines (also called “speed,” “crystal,” “crank,” or “ice”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime 1 No change over time

9.1 9.8 7.6

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Methamphetamine

* Used methamphetamines (also called “speed,” “crystal,” “crank,” or “ice”) ≥ 1 times during their lifetime

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Steroid Use,* by Gender and

* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor’s prescription ≥ 1 times during their lifetime** W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

6.8 6.2 3.67.26.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Steroid Use,* 1991 - 2003

* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor’s prescription ≥ 1 times during their lifetime1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

2.7 2.2 3.7 3.1 3.7 6.115.0

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Steroid Use,*

* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor’s prescription ≥ 1 times during their lifetime

3.22.3

7.1 7.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Injection-Drug Use,* by Gender and

* Reported lifetime illegal injection-drug use and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids

3.8 2.5 2.4 3.93.22.5

Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Injection-Drug Use,* 1995 - 2003

* Reported lifetime illegal injection-drug use and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

2.1 2.1 1.8 3.212.3

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Lifetime Illegal Injection-Drug

* Reported lifetime illegal injection-drug use and reported lifetime use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, or steroids

1.30.7

2.31.7

3.33.9

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age 13 Years, by Gender and

* * M > F; W, H > B

20.0 18.915.3

18.318.316.4

Total Female Male** White** Black Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age 13 Years, 1991 - 2003

1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

23.826.9 24.9 24.8 24.7

18.3122.1

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age

13 Years, Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

9.112.4

States Cities

* Other than a few sips** M > F; B, H > W

Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

32.025.7

31.2 30.227.823.3

Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years,* 1991 - 2003

* Other than a few sips1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

32.7 32.9 32.4 31.1 32.227.8129.1

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years,*

* Other than a few sips

24.426.4

34.732.9

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years, by Gender and

* M > F; B > W

12.68.7

12.1 10.76.9

Total Female Male* White Black* Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years, 1991 - 2003

1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

7.4 6.9 7.6 9.7 11.3 9.9110.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years,

5.8 6.8

10.4 11.013.4 14.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked Cigarettes on School Property,* by Gender and

* Smoked cigarettes on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey ** W > B, H

8.2 8.95.9 6.0

8.0 7.6

Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked Cigarettes on School Property,* 1993 - 2003

* Smoked cigarettes on > 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

13.2 16.0 14.6 14.08.019.9

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Smoked Cigarettes on School Property,*

* Smoked cigarettes on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

2.7 2.5

States Cities

* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Smokeless Tobacco on School Property,* by Gender and

8.5 6.72.5 3.6

5.93.3

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Smokeless Tobacco on School Property,* 1995 - 2003

* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over timeNational Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 1995 - 2003

6.3 5.1 4.2 5.915.0

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Smokeless Tobacco on School

Property,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003

* Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

States Cities

* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey** M > F; B, H > W

Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol on School Property,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

6.0 3.9 5.8 7.65.24.2

Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol on School Property,* 1993 - 2003

* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time

5.2 6.3 5.6 4.9 5.214.9

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Drank Alcohol on School Property,*

* Drank ≥ 1 drinks of alcohol on 1 of the 30 days preceding the survey

2.6 3.14.6

5.77.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Marijuana on School Property,* by Gender and

* Used marijuana > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey ** M > F; H > WNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

7.64.5 6.6 8.25.8

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Marijuana on School Property,* 1993 - 2003

* Used marijuana > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey 1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

5.68.8 7.0 7.2 5.815.4

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Marijuana on School Property,*

* Used marijuana > 1 times during the 30 days preceding the survey

2.63.3

8.0 8.2

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property,* by

Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* During the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; H > W, B

31.927.5

36.528.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property,*

1993 - 2003

* During the 12 months preceding the survey1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

32.1 31.7 30.2 28.7128.5

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property,* Across 32 States and 18

Cities, 2003

18.1 18.3

26.731.2

34.541.1

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* B, H > W; B > H

48.041.8

51.445.3

Total Female Male White Black* Hispanic*

Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, 1991 - 2003

1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

54.1 53.0 53.148.4 49.9

46.7145.6

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Ever Had Sexual Intercourse, Across 29

36.4 38.844.3

63.961.0

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age 13 Years, by Gender and

* M > F; B, H > W; B > H

10.44.2

8.37.44.2

Total Female Male* White Black* Hispanic*

Percentage of High School Students Who Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age 13 Years, 1991 - 2003

10.2 9.2 8.9 7.2 8.3 7.416.6

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age

13 Years, Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003

5.95.8

11.111.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Had 4 Sex Partners During Their Lifetime, by Gender and

* M > F; B, H > W; B > H

17.510.8

15.714.411.2

Total Female Male* White Black* Hispanic*

Percentage of High School Students Who Had 4 Sex Partners During Their Lifetime, 1991 - 2003

18.7 18.7 17.8 16.0 16.2 14.4114.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had 4 Sex Partners During Their

Lifetime, Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003

8.9 9.5

20.223.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Currently Sexually Active,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey** B, H > W; B > HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

33.830.8

37.134.3 34.6

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Currently Sexually Active,* 1991 - 2003

* Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey1 No change over time

37.5 37.5 37.934.8 36.3 34.31

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Currently Sexually Active,* Across

* Sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey

26.525.0

46.3 47.6

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender and

* Among currently sexually active students** M > F; B > H, W

68.862.5

Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2003

* Among currently sexually active students1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

46.252.8 54.4 56.8 58.0

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used a Condom During Last Sexual Intercourse,* Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003

* Among currently sexually active students

55.4 52.7

70.270.4

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Birth Control Pills Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender

* Among currently sexually active students** F > M; W > B, HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

7.911.2

17.0 20.6

Total Female** Male White** Black Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Birth Control Pills Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2003

* Among currently sexually active students1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

20.8 18.4 17.4 16.6 16.2 17.0118.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Birth Control Pills Before Last Sexual

Intercourse,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Alcohol or Drugs Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* by Gender and

* Among currently sexually active students** M > F; W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

29.826.8

19.524.1

25.421.0

Percentage of High School Students Who Used Alcohol or Drugs Before Last Sexual Intercourse,* 1991 - 2003

* Among currently sexually active students1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

21.6 21.324.8 24.7 24.8 25.4125.6

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Used Alcohol or Drugs Before Last

Sexual Intercourse,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Been Pregnant or Had Gotten Someone Pregnant, by Gender

* F > M; B > W, H; H > W

3.5 2.39.1 6.44.2 4.9

Total Female* Male White Black* Hispanic*

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Been Pregnant or Had Gotten Someone Pregnant, 1991 - 2003

6.0 6.6 6.9 6.5 6.3 4.214.7

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Been Pregnant or Had Gotten Someone

Pregnant, Across 26 States and 17 Cities, 2003

2.3 2.44.1

7.77.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Taught in School about AIDS/HIV, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* W > B, H

87.290.3

85.1 83.487.9 88.7

Total Female Male White* Black Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Taught in School about AIDS/HIV, 1991 - 2003

1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

83.3 86.1 86.391.5 90.6 87.9189.0

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

77.9 78.8

93.6 92.7

States Cities

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Taught in School about AIDS/HIV,

Percentage of High School Students Who Were at Risk For Becoming Overweight,* by Gender and

* Students who were > 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data** B, H > W

15.5 14.118.3 17.315.4 15.3

Percentage of High School Students Who Were At Risk For Becoming Overweight*, 1999 - 2003

14.3 13.6 15.41

1999 2001 2003

* Students who were > 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were at Risk For Becoming

Overweight,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* Students who were > 85th percentile but < 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data

14.214.5

17.416.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Students who were > 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data** M > F; B > W

17.412.2

17.6 16.813.59.4

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight*, 1999 - 2003

10.8 10.513.51

1999 2001 2003

* Students who were > 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Overweight,* Across 31 States and

18 Cities, 2003

* Students who were > 95th percentile for body mass index, by age and sex, based on reference data

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight, by Gender and

* F > M; W, H > B

31.629.636.1

Total Female* Male White* Black Hispanic*

Percentage of High School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight, 1991 - 2003

31.8 34.327.6 27.3 30.0 29.6129.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Described Themselves as Overweight,

26.5 27.4

34.9 36.1

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Trying To Lose Weight, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* F > M; W, H > B

49.443.8

Total Female* Male White* Black Hispanic*

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Trying To Lose Weight, 1991 - 2003

1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

41.8 40.3 41.4 39.742.7 43.8146.0

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

44.743.0

51.053.0

States Cities

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Trying To Lose Weight, Across

Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Fruits and Vegetables ≥ 5 times Per Day,* by Gender and

* Had consumed 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables ≥ 5 times per day during the 7 days preceding the survey ** M > F; H > WNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

23.620.5 23.2 24.422.0

Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Fruits and Vegetables ≥ 5 times Per Day,* 1999 - 2003

23.9 21.4 22.01

1999 2001 2003

* Had consumed 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables ≥ 5 times per day during the 7 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Fruits and Vegetables ≥ 5 times Per

Day,* Across 27 States and 16 Cities, 2003

* Had consumed 100% fruit juice, fruit, green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables ≥ 5 times per day during the 7 days preceding the survey

13.2 14.5

18.4 18.8

28.4 29.1

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Drunk > 3 Glasses Per Day of Milk,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* Had drunk > 3 glasses of milk per day during the 7 days preceding the survey ** M > F; W > B, HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

22.7 20.0

11.6 13.117.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Drunk > 3 Glasses Per Day of Milk,* 1999 - 2003

18.0 16.4 17.11

1999 2001 2003

* Had drunk > 3 glasses of milk per day during the 7 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Drunk > 3 Glasses Per Day Of Milk,*

* Had drunk > 3 glasses of milk per day during the 7 days preceding the survey

8.45.7

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender

* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M; W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

58.957.165.7

Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* 1995 - 2003

* During the 30 days preceding the survey1 Significant linear increase and quadratic effect, p < .05

51.0 51.558.4 57.1159.9

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

59.556.5

63.8 64.1

States Cities

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised to Lose Weight or to Keep

From Gaining Weight,* Across 29 States and 16 Cities, 2003

* During the 30 days preceding the survey

Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Less Food, Fewer Calories, or Foods Low in Fat to Lose Weight or to

Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M; W, H > BNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

44.242.2

Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Less Food, Fewer Calories, or Foods Low in Fat to Lose Weight or to

Keep From Gaining Weight,* 1999 - 2003

40.443.8 42.21

1999 2001 2003

* During the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Ate Less Food, Fewer Calories, or

Foods Low in Fat to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across 28 States and 16 Cities, 2003

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Went Without Eating for > 24 Hours to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

8.512.5 12.5 13.713.3 18.3

Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Went Without Eating for > 24 Hours to Lose Weight or to Keep From

Gaining Weight,* 1999 - 2003

12.6 13.5 13.31

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Went Without Eating for > 24 Hours to

Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across30 States and 17 Cities, 2003

9.1 9.8

12.3 11.9

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Without a doctor’s advice during the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M; W, H > B National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

7.1 9.85.0

10.59.2 11.3

Percentage of High School Students Who Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to Lose Weight or to Keep From

Gaining Weight,* 1999 - 2003

7.6 9.2 9.21

1999 2001 2003

* Without a doctor’s advice during the 30 days preceding the survey1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to

Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across31 States and 17 Cities, 2003

* Without a doctor’s advice during the 30 days preceding the survey

5.34.5

7.76.8

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining

Weight,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* During the 30 days preceding the survey** F > M

3.7 5.5 5.3 7.46.0 8.4

Total Female** Male White Black Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose Weight or to Keep From Gaining

Weight,* 1995 - 2003

4.8 4.5 4.8 6.015.4

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose

Weight or to Keep From Gaining Weight,* Across 31 States and 17 Cities, 2003

5.3 5.1

7.5 7.5

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous Physical Activity,* by Gender and

* Exercised or participated in physical activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for > 20 minutes on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H

70.065.2

54.859.3

Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous Physical Activity,* 1993 - 2003

* Exercised or participated in physical activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for > 20 minutes on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey1 No change over time

65.8 63.7 63.8 64.7 62.6164.6

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous

Physical Activity,* Across 32 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* Exercised or participated in physical activities that made students sweat and breathe hard for > 20 minutes on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey

71.165.8

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate Physical Activity,* by Gender and

* Physical activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for > 30 minutes on > 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H

27.2 26.221.7 22.0

24.722.1

Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate Physical Activity,* 1999 - 2003

* Physical activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for > 30 minutes on > 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey 1 No change over time

26.7 25.5 24.71

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in Sufficient Moderate

Physical Activity,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* Physical activities that did not make students sweat and breathe hard for > 30 minutes on > 5 of the 7 days preceding the survey

18.014.9

29.527.2

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in an Insufficient Amount of Physical Activity,* by Gender

* Had not participated in sufficient vigorous physical activity and had not participated in sufficient moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey** F > M; B, H > W; B > H

26.931.0

41.236.533.4

Total Female** Male White Black** Hispanic**

Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in an Insufficient Amount of Physical Activity,* 1999 - 2003

* Had not participated in sufficient vigorous physical activity and had not participated in sufficient moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey1 No change over time

30.5 31.2 33.41

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Participated in an Insufficient Amount of Physical Activity,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* Had not participated in sufficient vigorous physical activity and had not participated in sufficient moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey

24.830.332.0

41.541.9

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Vigorous or Moderate Physical Activity,*

by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey** B > W, HNational Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2003

10.0 10.216.3

13.011.5 13.1

Total Female Male White Black** Hispanic

Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Vigorous or Moderate Physical Activity,*

1999 - 2003

* Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey1 No change over time

9.4 9.5 11.51

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Had Not Participated in Vigorous or

Moderate Physical Activity,* Across 31 States and 18 Cities, 2003

* Had not participated in either vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity during the 7 days preceding the survey

9.49.1

14.015.3

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Enrolled in Physical Education Class*, by Gender and

58.553.7 56.0 58.855.7

* On ≥ 1 days in an average week when they were in school

Percentage of High School Students Who Were Enrolled in Physical Education Class*, 1991 - 2003

* On ≥ 1 days in an average week when they were in school1 No change over time

48.952.1

56.1 55.71

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Were Enrolled in Physical Education

Class*, Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003

27.332.6

44.948.1

93.788.0

States Cities

* On ≥ 1 days in an average week when they were in school

Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class Daily*, by Gender and

30.524.9

33.036.7

28.426.4

* 5 days in an average week when they were in school

** H > W

Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class Daily*, 1991 - 2003

* 5 days in an average week when they were in school1 Significant linear decrease and quadratic effect, p < .05

25.4 27.4 29.1 28.4132.2

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Attended Physical Education Class

Daily*, Across 29 States and 17 Cities, 2003

8.2 9.2

27.524.5

States Cities

* 5 days in an average week when they were in school

Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised or Played Sports > 20 Minutes During an Average Physical Education Class *, by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

84.581.5

74.078.2

* Among the 55.7% of students enrolled in PE class

** M > F; W > B

Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised or Played Sports > 20 Minutes During an Average Physical

Education Class *, 1991 - 2003

* Among the 55.7% of students enrolled in PE class1 Significant quadratic effect, p < .05

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Exercised or Played Sports > 20 Minutes During an Average Physical Education Class *, Across

* Among the 55.7% of students enrolled in PE class

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Played on > 1 Sports Teams,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity, 2003

* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months preceding the survey** M > F; W > B, H

64.060.8

53.249.551.0

Percentage of High School Students Who Played on > 1 Sports Teams,* 1999 - 2003

55.1 55.2 57.61

1999 2001 2003

* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months preceding the survey 1 No change over time

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Played on > 1 Sports Teams,* Across

* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months preceding the survey

50.756.3

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Did Strengthening Exercises,* by Gender and Race/Ethnicity,

* For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey to strengthen or tone their muscles** M > F; W, H > B

60.153.6

45.451.5

Percentage of High School Students Who Did Strengthening Exercises,* 1991 - 2003

* For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey to strengthen or tone

their muscles 1 Significant linear increase, p < .05

47.851.9 50.3 51.4 53.6 51.9153.4

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Did Strengthening Exercises,* Across 27

* For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting on > 3 of the 7 days preceding the survey to strengthen or tone their muscles

42.637.2

58.4 56.851.0

States Cities

Percentage of High School Students Who Watched > 3 Hours Per Day of Television,* by Gender and

* On an average school day** B, H > W; B > H

37.038.2

Percentage of High School Students Who Watched > 3 Hours Per Day of Television,* 1999 - 2003

* On an average school day1 Significant linear decrease, p < .05

42.838.3 38.21

1999 2001 2003

Range and Median Percentage of High School Students Who Watched > 3 Hours Per Day of

Television,* Across 28 States and 17 Cities, 2003

* On an average school day

53.754.1

States Cities

The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS): 2003 National, State, and Local Data

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