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The Great WarWorld War I
“The War to End all Wars”
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism/ Industrialization
Nationalism
The Powder Keg
Militarism
ALLIANCES
The Three Emperors’ League (1872)
The Russo-Turkish War
The Dual Alliance
The Triple Alliance
The Reinsurance Treaty(1887)
The Triple Alliance
The Franco-Russian Alliance (1894)
Deterioration of Anglo-German Relations
The Anglo-French Entente (1904)
The Anglo-Russian Entente (1907)
The Triple Entente
The Triple Entente
IMPERIALISM
INDUSTRIALIZATION
Great Britain
Germany
Austria
Russia
Italy
France The Great Powers
NATIONALISM
INTERNATIONAL ANARCHY
Sarajevo, Bosnia – June 28, 1914
WHAT LIT THE POWDER KEG?
THE SPARK
Gavrilo Princip
Ready Since 1905
Response to possibility of a two front war
France on the West
Russia on the East
Paris in Six Weeks
March Against Russia
The Schlieffen Plan
July 28, 1914 – Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
July 30, 1914 – Russia prepared to defend Serbia
August 1, 1914 – Germany declares war on Russia
THE WAR EXPANDS
August 3, 1914 – Germany declared war on France
August 3, 1914 – Germany invaded neutral Belgium
August 4, 1914 – British declared war on Germany
THE WAR EXPANDS
STALEMATE!!!
NO MAN’S LAND
TOTAL WAR
British Propaganda
French Propaganda
German Propaganda
U-Boat as Prey
U-Boat as Preditor
Inside a German U-Boat
In 2 years this 1 U-Boat sank 32 ships of a total of 119,411 tons.
The Lusitania
The Lusitania was sunk:
• May 7, 1915• 18 minutes• 1,195 lives – 123
were American
Lusitania’s Funnels:
A couple of passengers were sucked into the funnels as the ship sunk. When sea water hit the boilers it caused an explosion and the people were shot out and survived.
Life Boats:
• Only 6 stayed afloat – despite the fact that there were more than enough to fit all passengers
Lusitania – Warning
Propaganda
The Lusitania’s sinking solidified that IF the US joined the war it would be on the side of the Allies.
The Zimmermann Telegram
Why does this ultimately bring the US into the
War?
“Little Willie”
“Whippet”
Airplanes
How do we fix this?
The Big Four
Paris Peace Conference
32 STATES REPRESENTING 75% OF THE WORLD’S POPULATION.
TALKS WERE DOMINATED BY THE 5 MAJOR POWERS RESPONSIBLE FOR DEFEATING THE CENTRAL POWERS
UNITED STATES
GREAT BRITAIN
ITALY FRANCE JAPAN
4 ALLIED LEADERS DOMINATED THE NEGOTIATIONS
GOAL WAS TO PUNISH GERMANY AND MAKE SURE THAT IT WOULD NEVER BECOME A THREAT AGAIN!!!
Germany
1.THE SURRENDER OF ALL GERMAN COLONIES AS LEAGUE OF NATIONS MANDATES
2. THE RETURN OF ALSACE AND LORAINE TO FRANCE
WHAT ABOUT THE GERMAN’S LIVING THERE??
3. DANZIG TO BECOME A FREE CITY/CREATION OF THE POLISH CORRIDOR
Split Germany!! Access to East Prussia from
Germany??
4. DEMILITARIZATION AND A 15 YEAR OCCUPATION OF THE RHINELAND
Who would defend and occupy it?
What about the German’s living there?Who would pay for the
occupation?
5. GERMAN REPARATIONS OF 6,600 MILLION POUNDS
6. A BAN ON THE UNION OF GERMANY AND AUSTRIA
7. AN ACCEPTANCE OF GERMANY’S GUILT IN CAUSING THE WAR
8. PROVISION FOR THE TRIAL OF THE FORMER KAISER AND OTHER WAR LEADERS
THE TRIALS NEVER
OCCURED
9. LIMITATION OF GERMANY’S ARMY TO 100,000 MEN WITH NO CONSCRIPTION, NO TANKS, NO HEAVY ARTILLERY, NO POISON-GAS SUPPLIES, NO AIRCRAFT AND NO AIRSHIPS
=
10. LIMITATION OF THE GERMAN NAVY TO VESSELS UNDER 100,000 TONS, AND NO SUBMARINES
GERMANY: SIGNED UNDER PROTEST
FRANCE AND GREAT BRITAIN: ANGRY THAT THERE WAS NO ACTUAL TRIAL OF THE KAISER OR OTHER WAR LEADERS. DIDN’T THINK THE TREATY WAS HARD ENOUGH ON GERMANY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yj_eiyBsSSc
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