Present and past perfect

Present PerfectTb. Nugraha Adi Pratam

a, S.T.

Present Perfect is used to express actions that happened in an unspecified time in the pastPr

esen

t Pe

rfect

Present Perfect refers to actions in the past that have something to do with the present, or still continue in the present

Pres

ent

Perfe

ct

Present Perfect talks about repeated actions

Pres

ent

Perfe

ct

• She has been to Asgard

• How long have you been married?

• I have not seen her many times.

An unspecified time before ‘now’.

Exam

ples

…

Form

[has/have + past participle (V3)]

Example: “I have been to France” or “I’ve been to France”

This sentence means that you went to France sometime in your life.

Pres

ent

Perfe

ct

• I/You/We/Theyhave (‘ve)traveled.

• He/She/It has (‘s) traveled.Po

sitive

Form

• I/You/We/Theyhave not (haven’t) studied.

• He/She/It has not (hasn’t) studied.

Nega

tive

Form

• HaveHave I/you/we/they eaten?

• Has Has he/she/it eaten?

Ques

tion

Form

(In

terro

gativ

e)

PositiveYes, I/you/we/they have. (not Yes, I/you/we/they ’ve)

Yes, he/she/it has. (not Yes, he/she/it ’s)

NegativeNo, I/you/we/they have not(or haven’t)

No, he/she/it has not(or hasn’t)Sh

ort A

nswe

r Fo

rm

Usag

e I’ve bought some chocolates.

Present Perfect is use to express actions that happened in the past and have resulted in the present.

and I’m going

to eat them…

Present Perfect can be used with today and phrases with this, e.g. this morning, this week, this year.

We’ve done quite a good job today

Usag

e

Hurry, SATPOL PP is here !!!

When asking or talking about experiences.

Have you ever

run a marathon?No, I’ve never done it before

Usag

e

With lately and recently meaning “in the last few days/weeks”.

Have I told you lately that I love you ?

Usag

e

With just to express an action started / finished a short time ago.

It has just started

raining…We’ve just lost

the champions league…

Usag

e

With yet in negative or interrogative sentences to express that something is not done.

I haven’t finished

my work yet.

Usag

e

Usag

eWhen expressing repetitions of actions.

I’ve seen this

movie three

times. The boy

d…SHUT UP!

With for to express how long the period is.With since to say when the period began.I’ve had it since you asked me to pose for this photo!

I’ve had the

flu for a week now!

Usag

e

Past Perfect

Past Perfect is used to express an action that was completed before another action in the past.

Past

Per

fect

Form

[had + past participle (V3)]

Example:

I was late. The teacher had given the test when I arrived.

I felt better after I had taken the medicine.

Pres

ent

Perfe

ct

Action A :Anna left at 9.30

Action B :Elsa arrived at 10.00

Anna had left when Elsa arrived orWhen Elsa arrived, Anna had left

Past

Per

fect

Notice the tenses used

Anna had left when Elsa Arrived

Action A :Anna had left(Past Perfect)

Action B :when Elsa arrived(Past Tense)

Past

Per

fect

I had slipped before Chelsea scored the winning goalTHE - END