Askep gangguan sistem pengelihatan retinal detachment

RETINAL DETACHMENT

By Diah Fauzia, S.Kep., Ns

RETINA• light-sensitive

layer of tissue • sends visual

messages through the optic nerve

• pulled away from the underlying choroid

• small areas of the retina torn =>

retinal tears or retinal breaks

• retinal cells deprived of oxygen

• if not promptly treated => permanent vision loss

SYMPTOMS• floaters - bits of

debris in field of vision that look like spots, hairs or strings

SYMPTOMS• floaters• light flashes• shadow or curtain

over a portion of visual field

• blur in vision

Can occur as a result of:

• trauma • advanced diabetes • an inflammatory disorder, such as

sarcoidosis• shrinkage of the jelly-like vitreous

that fills the inside of the eye

• vitreous liquid leaks through retinal tear and accumulates underneath retina

• retina can peel away from underlying layer of blood vessels

Factors that may increase risk of retinal detachment:

• aging - more common in people older than 40

• previous retinal detachment in one eye • family history of retinal detachment • extreme nearsightedness • previous eye surgery• previous severe eye injury or trauma

TREATMENTS

Retinal tears:• laser surgery (photocoagulation)• freezing (cryopexy)

Retinal detachment:• pneumatic retinopexy• scleral buckling• vitrectomy

PHOTOCOAGULATION

CRYOPEXY

PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY

PNEUMATIC RETINOPEXY

SCLERAL BUCKLING

VITRECTOMY

When a surgeon injects a bubble of expandable gas into the vitreous cavity it is called:

• scleral buckling• vitrectomy• pneumatic retinopexy• photocoagulation• cryopexy

When a surgeon uses intense cold to freeze the retina around the retinal tear it is called;

• Scleral buckling• Vitrectomy• Pneumatic retinopexy• Photocoagulation• Cryopexy

ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN

Pengkajian

• Flashes of light ( photopsia)

• Floaters• Blurred vision• Sense of curtain being drawn• Loss of portion of visual field

Diagnosa

Intervensi

• Emergency RX– Apply eye patches to both eyes– Provide bed rest

• Surgical RX– Gas / Oil inserted inside eye to compress retina.

Postop – position on abdomen, head turned with unaffected eye up X 1 week

– Scleral buckling – silicone band around eye to hold choroid and retinal layers together

Implementasi

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