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Introduction to Digital LifeKimberley R. Barker, MLIS
Librarian for Digital Life
@KR_BarkerKimberley@virginia.edu
Learning Objectives• Learn to define digital life
• Learn about digital identity
• Learn about how Google works
• Learn about reputation management
• Learn about digital privacy & security
• Learn about altmetrics
Digital Life“A personal, professional, financial, and social
inhabitation of the digital world via investments of time, talent, and money.”
- Kimberley R. Barker
Image credit: Microsoft
Digital life: how did it become possible and popular?
• The Internet
• Cost of technology lowered• Home computers; records put online; databases created
• Smartphones• Music, calendar, GPS, apps (banking, etc)
• The Internet of Things• Fitbits; smart refrigerators; heartrate-monitoring clothes generating massive amounts of data
Your own habits• How many of you Google the following?• Job candidates• Potential employers• Dates• Children’s friends/counselors/teachers• Healthcare Providers• Products• Hotels• Restaurants
• How much are you influenced by what you find?
Digital Identity• Property values
• Current & past addresses
• Your alma mater
• Place of employment (past & present)
• Charitable contributions
Digital Identity
• Information about your family
• Endorsements
• Obituaries
• Anything you’ve not protected on social media
Digital Identity: What’s yours?• What would people find if they Googled you?
• Have you Googled yourself?
• If so, did anything surprise you?
• Were you happy with what you found?
• What do your search results say about you?
• What could your worst enemy do with those results?
Digital LifeReputation Management
Reputation Management
•Understanding the reputation economy
•Understanding how Google works
•Understanding how to establish, monitor, and maintain your online reputation
“The reputation economy”
• Refers to the way in which the standing of a product/person/institution/business is shaped by the contributions of customers
• Review sites (RateMD, Angie’s List)
• News coverage
• Social media platforms
Why
?
Google is (and has been) King
Why Google?
• If you understand how it, you will understand how to:
• Positively increase your online presence
• Monitor your reputation
• Formulate a basic reputation restoration plan
• Understand when you need to seek professional help
How Google works
• Google is comprised of three distinct parts
• Googlebot• Indexer • Query processor
• Each part has its own specific and unique function.
How Google works
How Google works: PageRank
Hummingbird
• Google replaced its algorithm in August 2013
• Hummingbird is semantic• Conversational search technology• Uses Google’s Knowledge Graph
• Google is looking towards future• 60% of Americans access Internet on mobile
device• Spoken searches
Mobile-Friendly Update• April 21, 2015
• Mobile-friendliness• Tappable buttons
• Easy to navigate from a small screen
• Important information front & center
• Mobile speed
• Desktop speed
Why should you care about reputation management?
Pew Internet & American Life’s Internet & Health Report 2013
http://www.pewinternet.org/Infographics/2013/Health-and-Internet-2012.aspx
Social Media & Online Reputation matter
Professional Social Networksfor Clinicians & Researchers• SERMO
• Doximity
• QuantiaMD
• Figure1
• OrthoMind
• Student Doctors Network
• MomMD
• *ORCID ID
Googling among employers is on the rise• 60 % of employers use social networking sites
to research job candidates
• 41 % of employers say they use social networking sites to research current employees
• 32 % use search engines to check up on current employees
• 26 % have found content online that has caused them to reprimand or fire an employee.
No one is caring about it for you.
Safeguarding your Digital Life:
Privacy & Security
Safeguarding your Digital Life:
privacy
•Privacy describes “the way in which we gather, store, use, share, and delete data… helps us to understand what is permissible and inappropriate with regards to our usage of data. ”
Safeguarding your Digital Life :
security
Information security relates to “the confidentiality, integrity and access to data. Information security is born from the technological and procedural controls that we place around our data to achieve these goals.”
Varying levels of privacy AND
security
Keep in mind…
• Free wifi isn’t free- you’re paying with your personal information
• Frequently review your privacy settings on all social media platforms
• Build strong passwords; change them regularly
• Consider a password manager
Altmetrics
the movementthe tools
the implications
Defining altmetrics• J. Priem (@jasonpriem), I like the term
#articlelevelmetrics, but it fails to imply *diversity* of measures. Lately, I'm liking #altmetrics., 4:28 AM - 29 Sep 10, Tweet
• “…the creation and study of new metrics based on the Social Web for analyzing, and informing scholarship.”• http://altmetrics.org/about/
*Metrics that supplement or complement traditional metrics
From metrics to altmetrics
Measures
Traditional New
Research Products
Trad
itio
nal
- Article- Chapter- Books
Times CitedImpact Factor
+ RankH-index
Page ViewsNews stories
Blog mentionsTweets
New
- Datasets- Blog post- More
None News storiesBlog mentions
Tweets
Additional scholarly contributions
• Blogs
• Invited Interviews
• Facebook postings
• Datasets
• Patents
• Software
• Copyrights
Examples of “altmeasuring”
• Downloads and page views
• Track-backs
• Tweets and retweets
• Links from review services (e.g. Facultyof1000)
• Sharing, social bookmarking
• News media
New metrics for traditional products
Newer metrics for traditional products
Br J Sports Med doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092417
New metrics for new products
Other influencesNSF “Publications” broadened to “Products of Research” (Jan 2013)• “citable and accessible including but not limited to publications, data sets, software, patents, and copyrights.“
Other influencesNIH Biosketch new format (Jan 2015)• other non-publication research products, including
audio or video products; patents; data and research materials; databases; educational aids or curricula; instruments or equipment; models; protocols; and software or netware…
And yet another influence…
Tools
Early altmetric tools
•Measure web views and downloads•Google Analytics •Bit.ly
•Measure views and reads of articles•Google Profiles•ResearchGate
Journal-level tools
•Each publisher does it a slightly different way
Newer Tools
• ImpactStory
• Altmetric.com
• PlumX
Impactstory
• Create an online profile• Discover and share how your research is read, cited,
tweeted, bookmarked, and more • Help colleagues find and read your preprints,
articles, slides and other work by uploading research products straight your profile
• Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar
• Free for 30 days, then $60 a year.
Altmetric.com• London-based start-up• Funding from Digital Science (LabGuru, FigShare)
Altmetric.com’s widget (“doughnut”)
•Used by publishers/journals•Nature Publishing•Cell Press•Wiley• BioMed Central• BMJ Specialty journals
What sources does Altmetric.com track?
News outlets
• Over 1,300 sites
• Manually curated list
• Text mining
• Global coverage
Social media
and blogs
• Twitter, Facebook,
Google+, Sina Weibo
• Public posts only
• Manually curated list
Reference
managers
• Mendeley, CiteULike
• Reader counts
• Don’t count towards the
Altmetric score
Other sources
• Wikipedia
• YouTube
• F1000
• Q&A
Post-publication
peer review
• Publons
• PubPeer
Policy documents
• NICE Evidence
• Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change
• Many more…
Altmetric Score
Volume Sources Authors
The score for an article
rises as more people
mention it.
Each source category
contributes a different base
amount to the final score.
How often the author of
each mention talks about
scholarly articles influences
the contribution of the
mention.
The Altmetric score provides an indicator of the attention surrounding a research output.
It represents a weighted approximation of all the attention picked up for a research output and is calculated according to three facets:
Cochrane Library paper investigated use of probiotics to
treat eczema: There is not enough evidence to recommend
using probiotics for the treatment of eczema.
The paper has a relatively low score of attention but
received mentions across policy documents and
Wikipedia:
• Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health -
Allergy Care Pathways for Children: core
competency for health professionals treating
children with eczema
Discovering policy references
Altmetric Bookmarklet
• Free
• Reading a paper and want to find out its Altmetric details?
• Install the bookmarklet in your browser
• When viewing the paper, “Altmetric it”
Altmetric Bookmarklet
Altmetric Bookmarklet
Plum Analytics• PlumX is an institutional “impact dashboard”
that provides information on how research output is being utilized, interacted with, and talked about around the world
• Gathers metrics (altmetrics) about research from more than thirty sources including PLOS, PubMed and YouTube, and categorizes them
However…
•Standards aren’t fully defined• Definitions, calculations, etc.• NISO effort
•Are altmetrics important for discovery? For evaluation? Both?
Issues
Issues• Impact vs. attention•David C.’s Improbable Science… “Why you should ignore altmetrics and other bibliometric nightmares” http://www.dcscience.net/?p=6369
•Popularity• Popular topics get higher counts, quickly, but then fade. How does this reflect quality?
Issues
• Too much concern with metrics (“culture of measurement”; “yelpification”)
•Does social media help promote good science? Or not? (e.g. anti-vaccine)
Altmetrics: where to start?
Altmetrics for Researchers (Duke University Medical Library)
What are your products?
•Paper, chapter, book?•A clinical protocol?•Software code?•Conference poster?•Teaching material?•White paper?•Data set
Where are your products?
•A repository?•Website?•Profile?
Are they well-described (findable)?Are they accessible by others?Are they citable?Are they downloadable?Are there metrics to tell you?
What metrics match those products?
Product Metric
Clinical protocol Adoption
Software code Downloads or forks
Conference poster Views
Teaching materials Adoption/adaptation
White paper Views, Tweets
What systems or tools can provide those metrics?
• Journal’s website•Views, downloads, comparisons
•Repository•Views, downloads
•Altmetric.com; Impactstory
How will you explain these metrics?
•Contextualize • “This paper was in the top 10% of all papers
downloaded in 2015.”
•Describe “broader impact”• “This work was picked up by over 100
news sources.”
Thank You!
Kimberley R. Barker kimberley@virginia.edu
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