RFP: Request For Project

RFP: Request For Project


Architecture Framework for Local GovernmentEstablished under ordinance 2001

Course:CS 578 IT Architecture

Quarter Spring 2006

By

Dr. Shafay ShamailAssociate ProfessorHead Department of Computer Science

M Kashif FarooqTA & RA

CS 578 ITA Spring 2005-06 Page 1


Table of Contents

Introduction................................................................................................................................... 3

Local Government System In Pakistan.......................................................................................4

Vertical Perspective...................................................................................................................... 8

Scope of work:.............................................................................................................................. 9

Roadmap:...................................................................................................................................... 9

Work Breakdown in working groups:.......................................................................................10

Terms of Reference (TORs).......................................................................................................10

Document Guidelines:................................................................................................................11

Bibliography:............................................................................................................................... 13

Annexure A: Process Flow Diagram.........................................................................................14

Annexure B: Process Flow Sheet..............................................................................................16

Annexure C : Sample ESD Diagrams........................................................................................17

Annexure D: Service Delivery Model.........................................................................................19

Annexure E: Basic ESD Analysis..............................................................................................20



Introduction

The objective of this project is to study and develop an e-government framework1 and enterprise architecture (EA)2 in perspective of Pakistan’s traditional local government structure (as per local government ordinance 2001)

The document produced will be a Reference Model for:

further advanced study and research

human resource development of ICT public sector

formulation of a standardized policy for public sector ICT projects

basic input for Change Management and Business Process Engineering

aligning and integrating all components of e-government

legal, financial and implementation framework

Every country has multilevel government structures like (federal, provincial and local governments) and each layer of government has further sub-layers like political and bureaucratic structure. In this way distribution and pooling of powers and resources become more complex. All government rules of business available in different official documents like acts, policies and summaries that is not understandable for ICT planners. All these complexities are inherited in e-government structure. Business modeling or EA are the techniques to further develop e-government architecture.

e-Government architecture or framework is the blue print of vertical and horizontal integration of ICT components having different layers (enterprise business rule layer to the technical layer). In this way each layer has its own standard notations and design. There are many frameworks or EAs available for mega ICT projects of e-governance. Each framework or EA has its own advantages and disadvantages and limits.

Next section gives a brief introduction to the local government system in Pakistan. For further studies and other related systems see [].

1 Framework: A logical structure for classifying and organizing complex information.2 Enterprise Architecture (EA): A strategic information asset base, which defines the business, the information necessary to operate the business, the technologies necessary to support the business operations, and the transitional processes necessary for implementing new technologies in response to the changing business needs. It is a representation or blueprint.

Baseline architecture: the set of products or services that portray the existing enterprise, the current business practices, and technical infrastructure. Commonly referred to as the .As-Is. architecture.

Target architecture: the set of products or services that portray the future or end-state enterprise, generally captured in the organization’s strategic thinking and plans. Commonly referred to as the .To-Be. architecture.



Local Government System In PakistanNational Reconstruction Bureau (NRB) Pakistan

http://www.nrb.gov.pk

Introduction

A new local government system was installed in 2001 for establishing genuine and sustainable democracy for durable governance and irreversible transfer of power to the people. The system has three levels of local government: district (zila), tehsil (taluka)/town and union. There are 117 districts including 4 city districts, 358 tehsils, 62 towns in City Districts and 6,139 unions.

Province-wise position of local areas under the Local Government Ordinances 2001 is given in the table below:

Province Districts Tehsils Towns Union Councils

Federal Capital Area 1 - - 12

Punjab 35 130 38 3464

Sindh 23 103 18 1110

NWFP 24 50 4 986

Balochistan 28 75 2 567

FATA 7 Agencies - - -

Total 110+7=117 358 62 6139

The present day local government system in Pakistan stems from the reforms introduced in 1999 when the Government of President Pervaiz Musharaf proposed a seven point agenda to address the issues of national reconstruction:

Rebuilding national confidence and morale;

strengthening the federation whilst removing inter-provincial disharmony; reviving investor confidence; ensuring law and order; depoliticising state institutions; ensuring across the board accountability; and devolving power to the grass roots level.

National Reconstruction Bureau (NRB) was set up on 18 November, 1999, to work on reconstruction of institutions of the State.

Local Government Plan 2000The blue print of local government system was announced by the Chief Executive of Pakistan on 23rd March, 2000, and final plan was announced on 14th August, 2000. The Local Government Ordinances were promulgated by the Provincial Governments on 14th August, 2001 as provincial legislation

Guiding PrinciplesWith the installation of local governments in the districts, the power stands devolved to the locally elected representatives and decentralization of administrative and financial authority to local governments. The system has been designed to ensure that the genuine interests of the people are served and their rights safeguarded. The strategy for devolution of power was based on three Basic Principles, viz., People-Centered Development, Rights and Responsibility-Based, and



Service Oriented Government, thus creating an enabling environment in which people can start participating in community development and be the masters of their own destiny.

Legal Basis For Local Government System Constitutional provisions

Articles 32 and 140-A of Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973, provide as under:-

32. Promotion of local Government institutions.- The State shall encourage local Government institutions composed of elected representatives of the areas concerned and in such institutions special representation will be given to peasants, workers and women.

140-A. Local Government.- Each Province shall, by law, establish a local government system and devolve political, administrative and financial responsibility and authority to the elected representatives of the local government.

In order to strengthen the local government system, the Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001 have been included in the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution for a period of six years and these ordinances can only be amended with the previous sanction of the President after consultation with the Prime Minister in accordance with the provisions of Article 268 (2) of the Constitution.

Democratic and Political Structures In Local Government

The democratic system is uniform across the four provinces, with direct elections for seats in union councils, and indirect elections for reserved seats of women, peasants/ workers and minorities, tehsils/towns and districts/city districts councils. Councillors are elected on non-party basis and serve a four-year term. Bye-elections for seats of councillors falling vacant or remaining vacant are held annually and vacant seats of Nazim and Naib Nazim are filled within 120 days through elections conducted by Election Commission of Pakistan. Voters age is 18 years.

Functions and Powers of CouncilsThe functions and powers of Zila, Tehsil/Town and Union Councils are provided in the law. The councils approve bye-laws and local taxes proposed by the respective administrations. They also approve long term and short term development plans, annual and supplementary budgetary proposals.

All councils elect committees from amongst their members for monitoring the performance of their respective administration. Monitoring Committees are required to perform their functions in a non-intrusive manner without interfering in the day to day working of the relevant offices. The councils review the Monitoring Committees quarterly reports. In addition to Monitoring Committees, Councils elect other committees like Insaf (Justice), Accounts, Sports and Ethics. The Zila councils also elect members of the Zila Council to represent in District Public Safety Commissions.

Success of decentralization depends on resourcesDecentralization requires lot resources like HR, offices, finance and etc

Ordinance 2001Details are available in document at www.nrb.gov.pk


http://www.nrb.gov.pk/





Political Democratic

Political Democratic

Bureaucratic

Structure

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-n

Field Offices1-nField Offices

1-n

Field Offices1-n


Vertical Perspective

National Policy to grassroots level

Federal Government (Ministries & Divisions)Agriculture Social Education Finance Health IT Law Literacy CBR

Provincial Government (Administrative Departments)Agriculture Social Education Finance Health IT Law Literacy BOR

DirectoratesAgriculture Social Education Finance Health IT Law Literacy



Field offices may be Colleges Schools Police Stations Investigation Centers Hospitals Health Care Centers etc



Scope of work:EA framework for a generic local e-government

Business ArchitectureBaseline EA (As Is Analysis)Classification of servicesTarget EA

Roadmap: Study of current multilevel government structure

Study of Local Government Ordinance 2001 by www.nrb.gov.pk

OBS (Organizational Breakdown Structure)Sketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001 by www.nrb.gov.pkAvailable material and organogram of departments from websites and visits

WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) of each unitSketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001 by www.nrb.gov.pkUse Available guidelines for WBS

Baseline EA (Business modeling)o As-Is Analysis

Identification of Business Processes from WBSThere are number of guidelines for WBS.

Classification of Processes Graphical Presentations

Use CaseBy using UML notations

Process Flow DiagramsBy using Description Template (Annexure A & B)By using BPMN 1.0 (developed by BPMI).

Target EAo To-Be Analysis

Proposes Electronic Service Delivery (ESD) Classification of ESDs Process Flow Diagram of each service delivery

As per sample Diagrams (Annexure C) Sequence Diagram

As per sample Diagrams (Annexure C)

ESD Analysiso Analyze each component of electronic service delivery

Use Table (Annexure E) Preparation of Viewpoint

o Draw macro level diagrams for each integrated service delivery system






Work Breakdown in working groups:

# Roll# Name Project Area

1 2004-03-0020 Muhammad Hassan Khan Health

2

2005-03-0087 Muhammad Aurangzeb

Finance & Planning2005-03-0050 Asif Rafiq Rajwana

2005-03-0035 Umair Ijaz Chaudhry

3 2003-03-0025 Muhammad Hassan Community Development

42005-03-0088 Muhammad Abdul Rehman Akbar Khan

Agriculture2005-03-0010 Wasif Hussain

5 2005-03-0001 Malik Shehzad Kaleem Awan Literacy

62006-02-0132 Muhammad Hassan Naeem

Education2006-02-0077 Faizan Mustafa Chohan

Terms of Reference (TORs)

# Project BreakdownTarget Time

(Weaks)Marks

1

1.Study of current multilevel government structurei. Study of Local Government Ordinance 2001& 02 by

www.nrb.gov.pkii. Other material available on site

2.OBS (Organizational Breakdown Structure)i. Sketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001 & 02 by

www.nrb.gov.pkii. Available material and organogram of departments from

websites and visits

1.5Thursday W3

10%

2

WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) of each uniti. Sketch it from Local Government Ordinance 2001& 02 by

www.nrb.gov.pkii. Use Available guidelines for WBS

1.5Tuesday W5

10%

3 Baseline EA (Business modeling)As-Is Analysisi. Identification of Business Processes from WBS

There are number of guidelines for WBS. ii. Classification of Processes (Annexure D)iii. Graphical Presentations

1. Use CaseBy using UML notations

2. Process Flow DiagramsBy using Description Template (Annexure C) By using BPMN 1.0 (developed by BPMI).Guidelines

2Tuesday W7

30%






are at Annexure A

4

Target EATo-Be Analysisi. Proposes Electronic Service Delivery (ESD)ii. Classification of ESDs (Annexure E)iii. Process Flow Diagram of each service delivery

By using Description Template (Annexure C)iv. Sequence Diagram (Annexure B)

3Tuesday

W1030%

ESD AnalysisAnalyze each component of electronic service delivery

5

Presentation and VivaDraw macro level diagrams for each integrated service delivery system

20%

Document Guidelines:

Individual Task Title:

Chapter X

All body text will be Font ArialFont Size 10 PtLine Space SinglePictures and Tables will be centre of page horizontally

Document Layout:

X.1 Introduction (Heading 2 Font Arial, 12 Pt, Bold Space 0.6 before & after)One page Introduction of given area.

AS-IS Analysis

X.2 OBS: Organizational Breakdown Structure(by using MS Word Organizational Chart default)


As each working group has assigned a Chapter #

FormattingHeading 1Arial, Bold, 14 PtSpace 0.6 before & after

As each working group has assigned a Chapter #

FormattingHeading 1Arial, Bold, 14 PtSpace 0.6 before & after


If organization have control office and field office then draw OBS separately X.2.1, X.2.2

X.3 OBS: Work Breakdown Structure

(by using MS Word Organizational Chart default)

If organization have control office and field office then draw OBS separately X.2.1, X.2.2

X.3 Classification of Services

Use table # Service Name Category

X.3.1

X.4 Process Flow Process SheetUse annexure CDiagramUse Visio or any other as per Annexure AUse X.4.1, X.4.2, …….

TO-BE Analysis

X.5 Use CasesUse UML notations (these use case will be at macro level)X.5.1, X.5.2 etc

X.6 Sequence Diagrams


G2C, G2G, G2G, G2E G2C, G2G, G2G, G2E


Use UML notations (these use case will be at macro level)X.6.1, X.6.2 etc



Bibliography:

1. National Reconstruction Bureau (NRB) Pakistan, http://www.nrb.gov.pk

2. Local Government Ordinances 2001, NRB, Pakistan

3. “BPMN 1.0”,BPMI

4. “An e-Government Cooperative Framework for Government Agencies”, Proceedings of

the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences – 2005

5. “PPP Options for ESD Model of Local e-government”, ICEG 2005, M Kashif Farooq,

LUMS, Lahore, Pakistan - 2005



Annexure A: Process Flow Diagram





Annexure B: Process Flow SheetBusiness Process ID <BP-nnnnnn>Business Process Name <Name of Business Process>Author <Name of Author>Created On <dd/mm/yyyy>

Date when the document was originally createdVersion <This defines the version no.>Description of Business Process

<A brief description of the business process>

Goal of the Business Process

<Indicate the ultimate goal of the business process i.e. value-add of the process>

Start Event <A business process can be started in more than one way. The Trigger for a Start Event is designed to show the general mechanisms that will instantiate that particular Process. A start events may be: None, Message, Timer, Rule, Link, and Multiple.>

Inputs <Indicates the inputs and its medium required by the process>

Outputs <Describes the end output of the process >Complexity <Describes the complexity level of the business

process. The complexity may be Low, Medium or High>No. of People Involved <Indicates the total no. of people (resources) who are

involved in the execution of the business process at different points of time>

Duration of Business Process

<Indicates the average life span of the business process from start to end>

No. of Steps <Indicates the total no. of steps the process takes to complete. Details of individual steps are documented separately>

Frequency <Indicates how frequently the process is executed>Capacity of Business Process

<It is the maximum output rate of the process measured in units produced per unit time.>

Capacity Utilization (%) <Indicates the percentage of the process capacity that is being actually utilized>

Flow Time <It is the average time that a unit requires to flow through the process from the entry point to the exit point. It is the length of the longest path through the process. It includes both processing time and any time the unit spends between steps >

Cycle Time <Indicates the time between successive units as they are output from the process. It can also be thought of as the time required for a task to repeat itself.>

Idle Time <It is the time when no activity is being performed e.g. when an activity is waiting for work to arrive from a previous activity>

Effective Time <It is Flow Time less Idle Time>Set-up Time <It is the time needed to prepare an environment (or

equipment) required for the execution of a business process>



Annexure C : Sample ESD Diagrams

ESD flow diagram (Specimen)



Sequence Diagram (specimen)“An e-Government Cooperative Framework for Government Agencies”, Proceedings of the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - 2005



Viewpoints:define abstractions on the set of models representing the enterprise architecture or Business Model, each aimed at a particular type of stakeholder and addressing a particular set of concerns. The use of viewpoints is widely advocated for managing the inherent complexity in enterprise architecture. Viewpoints can both be used to view certain aspects in isolation, and for relating two or more aspects. However, in order to make such a viewpoint-oriented approach practically feasible, architects require a tool environment, which supports the definition, generation, editing and management of architectural views.



Annexure D: Service Delivery Model

District CoordinationAgricultureCommunity DevelopmentITFinance & Planning EducationHealthLawLiteracy RevenueWorks & Services


Government Breakdown Structure

Work or Service Breakdown Structure

Service Clustering Approach

Grouping or assembling of services in Gateways or Portals

Like G2C, G2B, G2G, G2E

Government Breakdown Structure

Work or Service Breakdown Structure

Service Clustering Approach

Grouping or assembling of services in Gateways or Portals

Like G2C, G2B, G2G, G2E

Office 1Office 1 Office 2Office 2

Sub Office 1Sub Office 1 Sub Office 3Sub Office 3

SectionsSections

UnitsUnits

WingsWings

WingsWings

Work or Service Breakdown Structure of each smaller wing, section or unit

Service Delivery

Service Delivery

Service Delivery

Service Delivery

Service Delivery

Go

vernm

en

t Breakd

ow

n S

tructu

re

Workflowe-PaymentsCommon Financial EngineBase Map for GIS Layers & GPSEmployment Management Servicese-Procuremente-BudgetDMSe-Complaint CellERPE-FileLand Registrye-Health

As Is To Be Analysis, BPR, Open Distribution Processing (ODP) as per IEEEof each service delivery to design each ESD: Electronic Service Delivery

Service C LU S T E R I N G

Approach

Sub Office 2Sub Office 2

Transition: From Traditional Services to ESD: Electronic Service Delivery

This phase requiresDesigning: (by consultants) Service Clustering Approach As Is To Be AnalysisBPR for ESDODP Modeling

Enterprise ViewpointInformation ViewpointEngineering ViewpointTechnology ViewpointComputational Viewpoint

Implementation Model:Development & Operations byPublic & Private Sectors

Transition: From Traditional Services to ESD: Electronic Service Delivery

This phase requiresDesigning: (by consultants) Service Clustering Approach As Is To Be AnalysisBPR for ESDODP Modeling

Enterprise ViewpointInformation ViewpointEngineering ViewpointTechnology ViewpointComputational Viewpoint

Implementation Model:Development & Operations byPublic & Private Sectors

Portals or Gateways

G2CGovernment to Citizen

G2BGovernment to Business

G2GGovernment to Government

G2EGovernment to Employee


Annexure E: Basic ESD Analysis

ESD ID

Category

G2C,G2B,G2G,G2E

Static Info

e-Presence

Downloadable e-Form Authentication Level

NADRA Authentication

PKI Need

Need of Biometric

Complete ESD

Any Visit is req.

(F-to-F)

Financial Transaction
