The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution (W. Europe & Japan)(W. Europe & Japan)

Late 1700s until ?Late 1700s until ?

““No movement in human history did No movement in human history did more than the Industrial Revolution to more than the Industrial Revolution to changechange the way people live. It has the way people live. It has provided humanity with great provided humanity with great benefitsbenefits, , and at the same time, it has destroyed and at the same time, it has destroyed people with its people with its less fortunate less fortunate consequencesconsequences.”.”

The Industrial Revolution in W. Europe, U.S. and later Japan

(19th century)

Industrialization took place when new technology and new organization of work changed how goods were produced.

Machines using water then fossil fuel powered engines were used to increase production.

Textile Industry in Britain: the Textile Industry in Britain: the beginning of the industrial beginning of the industrial

revolution.revolution.

Iron and steel industry Iron and steel industry developeddeveloped

Automatic processes in production led to factory systems and introduced specialization of labor that permanently changed the nature of human labor.

From home to factoryFrom home to factoryproductionproduction

women in the work forcewomen in the work force

children in the workforcechildren in the workforce

Improvements in transportation and communication made the world “smaller.”

The Industrial Revolution brought other The Industrial Revolution brought other CHANGES in Western Europe, the US, and CHANGES in Western Europe, the US, and later Japan. later Japan. Stearns reading assignment due tomorrow --Stearns reading assignment due tomorrow --

What were the significant results or changes What were the significant results or changes caused by the industrialization in the areas caused by the industrialization in the areas of (544-548, 550-551):of (544-548, 550-551):

1.1. Economics (Commerce and trade)Economics (Commerce and trade)

2.2. EnvironmentEnvironment

3.3. Politics and GovernmentsPolitics and Governments

4.4. Social Classes Social Classes

5.5. Family and Gender rolesFamily and Gender roles

The Industrial Revolution brought other The Industrial Revolution brought other CHANGES in Western Europe (and later CHANGES in Western Europe (and later

Japan):Japan):

UrbanizationUrbanization Nations’ wealth and power became Nations’ wealth and power became

increasingly dependent on industry.*increasingly dependent on industry.*

*agriculture and land control were still extremely *agriculture and land control were still extremely importantimportant

Social classes changed (new groups Social classes changed (new groups with new influence):with new influence): New members of the upper and New members of the upper and

middle class (owners, managers, middle class (owners, managers, skilled workers)skilled workers)

Urban workers Urban workers

Other CHANGES from the Other CHANGES from the Industrial Revolution. . .Industrial Revolution. . .

Patterns of urban society and family Patterns of urban society and family dynamics were changed forever.dynamics were changed forever.

For example: For example: Public educationPublic education Pace of life increased . . . Life on the clock, Pace of life increased . . . Life on the clock,

less rest.less rest. Children not as dependent on their parentsChildren not as dependent on their parents

HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION DESTROYED:DESTROYED:

For the lower classes: For the lower classes: bad working conditionsbad working conditions

Pace of workPace of work repetitiveness and repetitiveness and

tediousness of worktediousness of work lack of safety standards lack of safety standards

in equipment and in equipment and pollutionpollution

HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION DESTROYED:DESTROYED:

For the working class:For the working class: low wageslow wages little job security (even little job security (even

if injured or sick)if injured or sick)

HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION DESTROYED:DESTROYED:

there were few laws against overuse and there were few laws against overuse and abuse of natural resourcesabuse of natural resources

HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION HOW INDUSTRIALIZATION DESTROYED:DESTROYED:

the early the early industrial industrial economy was economy was unstable unstable

rapid rapid urbanization led urbanization led to problems in to problems in living conditionsliving conditions

RESPONSES . . . To the changesRESPONSES . . . To the changes Government expanded its influence.Government expanded its influence. Reforms to change problems in Reforms to change problems in

industry and cities came from industry and cities came from governments and individuals.governments and individuals.

Workers responded in different ways-Workers responded in different ways- UnionizationUnionization Created or joined radical groupsCreated or joined radical groups

People offered new philosophies about People offered new philosophies about economy and politics in the industrial economy and politics in the industrial age.age.