Governance Baseline Study Report

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Baseline(Survey!Report!BMZ$Country$Strategy$Afghanistan$2014$! !2017,&

Governance)Indicators!!

Compiled)by:)JS)Consultancy)Services)(Afghanistan))

5/25/2015)

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2) BMZ!Country!Strategy!Afghanistan!2014!9!2017,!Governance!Indicators,!Baseline!Survey!

Report!

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Table of Contents Executive!Summary:!.....................................................................................................................................................!4!

General!Background:!....................................................................................................................................................!6!

Objective!of!the!Baseline!Study:!..............................................................................................................................!6!

Specific!Tasks!of!the!Baseline!Study:!........................................................................................................................!6!

Introduction:!.................................................................................................................................................................!7!

Methodology!of!Data!Collection:!.................................................................................................................................!8!

Training!of!Data!Collectors:!......................................................................................................................................!8!

Field!Data!Collection:!...............................................................................................................................................!8!

Survey!Sampling!Methodology:!...............................................................................................................................!9!

Quality!Assurance!Measures!during!the!Data!Collection:!......................................................................................!10!

Data!Entry!and!Data!Cleaning:!...............................................................................................................................!10!

Data!Analysis:!.........................................................................................................................................................!11!

Data!Analysis!Findings:!...............................................................................................................................................!11!

Respondent!Biographic!Information:!.....................................................................................................................!11!

Section!1:!Political!Participation!.............................................................................................................................!14!

Participation!of!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!in!the!different!phases!of!the!

development!projects:!.......................................................................................................................................!14!

Perceived!Benefits!of!the!Development!Projects:!.............................................................................................!18!

Enhanced!Provision!of!the!Economic!and!Social!Infrastructures:!.....................................................................!18!

Presence!and!Appropriateness!of!Provincial!Administrations’!Procedures!for!Basic!Infrastructure!Projects:!..!19!

Section!2:!Services!delivered!by!Sub9National!Administrative!bodies!...................................................................!20!

Utilization!of!Services!of!Sub9National!Administrative!Bodies:!.........................................................................!20!

Quality!of!Services!Provided!by!the!Sub9National!Administrative!Bodies:!........................................................!21!

Section!3:!!Rule!of!Law!...........................................................................................................................................!24!

Services!Delivered!by!Huqooq!Offices:!..............................................................................................................!24!

Perception!about!Services!Delivered!by!Police:!.................................................................................................!26!

Annex:!Baseline!Survey!Questionnaire!(Community!Members!Data!Collection)!.......................................................!30!

Annex:!Baseline!Survey!Questionnaire!(PDCs!Members!Questionnaire)!...................................................................!44!

Annex!:!Data!Collector!Training!Agenda!.....................................................................................................................!51!

Annex!:!BMZ!Country!Strategy!Governance!Indicators!..............................................................................................!52!

Annex:!!Data!Collectors!Training!Pictures!..................................................................................................................!53!

Annex:!Pictures!of!Spot!Checking!of!Data!Collection!.................................................................................................!56!

Annex:!The!FDGs’!Findings!Report!.............................................................................................................................!57!

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Report!

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Acronyms)

AIBA) Afghanistan!Independent!Bar!Association)

BMZ) Bundesministerium!Für!Wirtschaftliche!Zusammenarbeit!(German!

Federal!Ministry!for!Economic!Development!Cooperation))

CDC) Community!Development!Council)

CSO) Central!Statistics!Office)

DCC) District!Coordination!Council)

DDA) District!Development!Assembly!)

DoE) Directorate!of!Education)

DoEC) Directorate!of!Economy!)

DoF) Directorate!of!Finance!)

DoJ) Directorate!of!Justice!)

DoPH) Directorate!of!Public!Health!)

DoWA) Directorate!of!Women!Affairs)

DRRD) Directorate!of!Rural!Rehabilitation!and!Development)

FGD) Focus!Group!Discussion!)

GIZ) Deutsche!Gesellschaft!für!Internationale!Zusammenarbeit,!GmbH!

(German!Society!for!International!Cooperation,!Ltd.))

IDLG) Independent!Directorate!of!Local!Governance)

KfW) Kreditanstalt!Für!Wiederaufbau!(German!Development!Bank))

KII) Key!Informant!Interview)

NGO) Non!Governmental!Organization)

NSP) National!Solidarity!Program)

OPAF) Open!Policy!Advisory!Fund)

PC) Provincial!Council)

PDC) Provincial!Development!Committee)

RCD) Regional!Capacity!Development!)

RCDF) Regional!Capacity!Development!Fund!

RIDF! Regional!Infrastructure!Development!Fund!!


Report!

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Executive!Summary:!!This!report!provides!an!adequate!baseline!for!selected!indicators!from!the!governance!sector!(political!

participation,!service!delivery!by!the!sub9national!administrative!offices!and!rule!of!law)!of!the!BMZ!

Country!Strategy!Afghanistan!for!2014!–!2017.!It!presents!the!findings!of!the!data!collected!from!a!

representative!sample!of!over!2.500!community!members!and!its!representatives!using!a!household!

survey!methodology!in!the!six!Focus!Provinces.!The!report!also!includes!findings!of!the!data!collected!

from!Provincial!Development!Committee!(PDC)!members.!!

The!main!findings!are:!

• Participation!of!the!community!members!in!the!different!phases!of!development!projects!(need!

assessment!phase,!planning!phase!and!implementation!phase)!is!much!lower!as!compared!to!

the!participation!of!the!community!representatives!(CDCs!members,!DDA!members,!other!

Shura!members).!Female!have!reported!lower!participation!as!compared!to!male!community!

members.!The!participation!in!the!different!phases!of!development!projects!varies!among!the!

provinces!and!within!the!districts!of!the!each!province.!!

• Participation!of!community!members!and!their!representatives!decreases!as!the!project!moves!

from!the!need!assessment!phase!to!the!implementation,!evaluation!and!maintenance!phase.!!

• Participation!in!the!development!projects!in!rural!areas!is!better!as!compared!to!the!

participation!of!the!community!members!living!in!the!urban!areas.!!

• Standard!Operation!Procedures!!(SOPs)!for!selection,!design,!implementation,!monitoring,!

evaluation!and!maintenance!of!the!basic!infrastructure!projects!are!lacking!in!most!of!the!

provincial!administrations.!SOPs!were!reported!to!be!present!in!a!small!proportion!of!provincial!

administrations!however!they!were!labeled!as!“inappropriate”!by!majority!of!the!respondents..!!

• Utilization!of!services!delivered!by!the!district!administrative!bodies!is!higher!as!compared!to!

the!services!delivered!by!the!administrative!bodies!present!in!the!provincial!capitals.!!

• Quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!district!administrative!bodies!are!rated!higher!as!

compared!to!the!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!administrative!offices!present!in!the!

provincial!capitals.!!

• Awareness!about!the!“Huqooq!Offices”!to!resolve!civil!dispute!is!very!low!among!the!

community!members!(20%!awareness).!Among!the!females!the!level!of!awareness!is!even!

lower!as!only!9%!of!the!female!had!the!knowledge!about!the!name,!presence!and!functions!of!

Huqooq!offices.!!

• Quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!Huqooq!office!is!rated!poorly!as!only!37%!of!the!

community!members!have!rated!the!quality!of!Huqooq!offices!as!good!(community!member!

who!have!utilized!the!service!of!Huqooq!offices).!

• Majority!(87%)!of!the!community!members!have!perceived!police!as!a!protective!force.!

However!variations!in!the!reported!perception!is!present!among!the!community!members!of!

different!districts.!!

• About!60%!of!the!community!members!have!reported!that!police!has!adequate!or!full!

awareness!about!the!laws!while!only!40%!community!members!have!reported!that!police!have!

just!basic!(low)!level!of!understanding!about!the!law.!!


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• Awareness!about!the!presence!of!the!female!police!in!the!district!is!low!as!only!36%!of!the!

community!members!have!reported!that!female!police!is!present!in!the!district.!!

• The!felt!need!of!the!presence!of!the!female!police!in!the!districts!is!higher!among!the!female!

community!members!as!compared!to!the!male!community!members.!!

• The!data!shows!that!crime!reporting!will!improve!if!the!numbers!of!the!female!police!officers!

are!increased!in!the!police!force!of!the!district!as!both!male!and!female!community!member!

have!shown!a!higher!tendency!to!report!crimes!if!the!number!of!females!are!increased!in!police!

offices.!!

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Report!

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General!Background:!!The!BMZ!Country!Strategy!Afghanistan!2014!–!2017!,!provides!the!framework!for!German!development!

cooperation!in!Afghanistan.!It!states,!"!German'Afghan,development,cooperation,will,focus,on,five,thematic,priority,areas,,identified,on,the,basis,of,key,Afghan,development,challenges,,Germany’s,development,cooperation,experience,to,date,,and,the,commitment,to,a,division,of,labor,between,the,group,of,donors.,The,priority,areas,are,(1),good,governance,(rule,of,law,,political,participation,and,public,administration);,(2),promotion,of,sustainable,economic,development,and,employment;,(3),energy;,(4),drinking,water,supply,and,wastewater,disposal;,and,(5),education,and,vocational,training".!!

Each!sector!in!the!BMZ!country!strategy!has!its!own!objectives!that!are!measured!by!set!specific!

indicators.!This!baseline!study!is!carried!out,!with!regard!to!the!specific!needs!of!the!BMZ!country!

strategy!in!the!field!of!governance,!to!the!document!the!baseline!level!for!the!key!indicators.!The!

baseline!study!collected!data!both!on!the!overall!good!governance!indicators!as!well!as!on!the!indicators!

of!the!three!thematic!pillars!namely!“political!participation”,!“public!administration”!and!“rule!of!law”.!

In!2017!a!follow!up!study!will!be!carried!out!to!document!changes!in!the!overall!good!governance!

indicators!as!well!as!on!the!indicators!of!the!three!thematic!pillars!namely!“political!participation”,!

“public!administration”!and!“rule!of!law”.!

In!order!to!implement!the!BMZ!Country!Strategy!Afghanistan,!GIZ!and!KfW!are!tasked!to!implement!

programs!focusing!on!the!six!northeastern!provinces!(Badakhshan,!Takhar,!Kunduz,!Baghlan,!Samangan!

and!Balkh).!The!GIZ!programmes!Regional!Capacity!Development!(RCD),!Open!Policy!Advisory!Fund!

(OPAF),!Rule!of!Law!(RoL)!and!Mining!Governance!Program!(MinGov)!support!Afghan!partners!with!

suitable!capacity!development!in!the!field!of!political!participation,!public!administration,!rule!of!law!

and!mineral!governance.!While!the!KfW!programs,!Regional!Infrastructure!Development!Fund!(RIDF)!

and!Afghan!Reconstruction!Trust!Fund!(ARTF),!support!Afghan!partners!with!infrastructure!development!

and!financial!cooperation!to!the!national!priorities!of!Afghan!government.!!

Objective!of!the!Baseline!Study:!!Objective!of!this!assignment!is!to!provide!an!adequate!baseline!for!selected!indicators!of!the!BMZ!

Country!Strategy!Afghanistan!2014!9!2017!in!the!field!of!governance.!The!selected!indicators!of!the!BMZ!

country!strategy!attached!as!an!annex!to!the!report.!!

!Specific!Tasks!of!the!Baseline!Study:!The!baseline!study!was!conducted!between!March!2014!and!May!2015!in!three!steps:!(i)!Literature!

Review,!(ii)!Focus!Group!Discussions!(FGDs),!(iii)!Quantitative!Survey.!!

The!findings!of!a!literature!review!and!FGDs!were!shared!with!GC!programs!and!other!relevant!

stakeholders!in!November!2014.!After,!presentation!of!the!findings!of!the!qualitative!study!(FDG)!the!

scope!of!the!quantitative!survey!was!broadened!and!numbers!of!new!indicators!were!added!to!existing!

indicators.!


Report!

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Introduction:!This!report!presents!the!findings!of!the!data!collected!from!a!representative!sample!of!community!

members!and!its!representatives!using!a!household!survey!methodology.!The!report!also!has!findings!of!

the!data!collected!from!Provincial!Development!Committee!(PDC)!members.!!

Based!on!the!findings!of!the!qualitative!study1!and!consultation!of!the!relevant!stakeholders;!a!

quantitative!survey!questionnaires!were!developed.!The!first!questionnaire!was!developed!to!collect!

data!from!community!members!and!their!local!representatives,!while!the!second!questionnaire!was!

developed!to!collect!data!from!people!working!in!provincial!administrative!units!and!Provincial!

Development!Committee!members.!!

Initially,!the!community9members!questionnaire!was!drafted,!shared!with!BMZ,!KfW!and!GIZ!

programmes.!After,!getting!feedback!from!relevant!stakeholders!about!the!draft!questionnaire;!the!

draft!questionnaire!was!translated!into!Dari!(local!language)!and!then!it!was!field!tested!in!three!

different!ethnic!populations!in!Kabul.!The!field9testing!resulted!in!modifications!of!the!survey!

questionnaire.!The!final!version!of!the!questionnaire!was!shared!again!with!BMZ,!KfW!and!GIZ!for!

endorsement.!After!receiving!approval!from!German!Cooperation!(GC)!colleagues,!a!field!plan!for!data!

collection!was!developed!to!collect!data!from!21!districts!located!in!the!in!six!north9eastern!provinces.!

The!table!below!shows!the!list!of!provinces!and!districts!where!the!survey!was!conducted.!!

SN Province District

1 Badakhshan

Faizabad Shuhada Yaftal

2 Takhar

Bangi Farkhar Hazar-soomuch Taloqan

3 Kunduz

Imam-sahib Kunduz Qala-e-zal

4 Baghlan

Dahan-e-ghori Doshi Pule-khomri

5 Samangan

Ayebak Dara-e-soof Hazratsultan Royee-doab

6 Balkh

Kaldar Marmul Mazzar-e-sharif Zareh

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1!The!findings’!report!of!the!FGDs!is!attached!as!annex!to!this!report.!!


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The!districts!within!the!provinces!were!selected!using!a!pre9defined!selection!criteria!developed!by!the!

Governance!team!and!the!criteria!for!district!selection!(incl.!control!districts!with!no!GC!presence)!is!

attached!as!annex!to!the!report.!!

After,!the!data!was!collected!from!the!community!members!then!data!was!collected!from!PDC!members!

and!provincial!administration!staff.!!

Methodology!of!Data!Collection:!!

Training!of!Data!Collectors:!!Data!collectors,!who!had!experience!in!quantitative!data!collection!and!had!worked!in!qualitative!data!

collection!(phase91)!of!the!baseline!study,!were!selected!and!trained!using!the!survey!questionnaire.!The!

data!collectors!were!trained!in!the!different!aspects!of!the!individual!interviews,!rapport9building!skills,!

questioning!skills!and!skill!to!randomly!select!households.!A!total!of!93!data!collectors!and!6!data!

collection!supervisors!were!trained!in!the!in!three!phases!of!the!training.!

Initially,!data!collectors!for!Badakhshan!and!Takhar!were!trained!in!Takhar!province!(293!December,!

2014);!then!data!collectors!for!Kunduz!and!Baghlan!were!trained!in!Kunduz!(27928!December,!2014);,!

and!in!the!last!phase!data!collectors!for!Samangan!and!Balkh!were!trained!in!Mazar9e9Sharif!(798!

January,!2015).!Agenda!and!pictures!of!the!data!collection!training!are!attached!to!the!annex!of!the!

report.!!

Field!Data!Collection:!Then,!the!trained!male!data!collectors!collected!data!from!a!male!member!of!randomly!selected!

household!while!the!female!data!collectors!collected!data!from!a!female!household!member.!!

Initially,!in!each!district!all!the!villages!of!the!district!were!listed!and!the!number!of!the!people!to!be!

interviewed!in!each!districts!were!equally!distributed!among!the!randomly!selected!villages!of!a!district;!

because!of!the!unavailability!of!accurate!and!reliable!information!about!the!number!and!population!of!

villages!this!activity!was!carried!out!on!the!second!day!of!the!training.!The!list!of!all!villages!was!provided!

to!MS9Excel!and!then!using!random!number!generation!function!of!MS9Excel,!appropriate!numbers!of!

villages!were!randomly!selected.!A!list!of!randomly!selected!villages!was!provided!to!the!data!collectors!

and!data9collection!supervisors.!Once!the!villages!were!randomly!selected!within!the!districts,!then!

households!within!each!village!were!selected!using!a!systematic!random!selection!methodology!in!which!

a!male!or!female!member!of!every!third!household!were!interviewed!in!the!village.!The!mosque!within!

the!village!was!used!as!the!center!of!the!village!and!the!one!member!of!the!survey!team!moved!towards!

the!East!(Sun9Rise!Direction)!while!the!second!member!of!the!survey!team!moved!toward!West!(Sun9Set!

Direction).!Then!every!third!household!member!was!interviewed.!If!the!number!of!households!were!

limited!in!these!two!directions!from!the!center!of!the!village!(Mosque)!then!first!member!moved!

towards!her/his!right!hand!(face!towards!the!sun!set)!and!second!member!moved!towards!the!left!hand!

side!(face!towards!the!sun!rise)!to!survey!the!number!households!in!a!village.!The!surveyors!marked!the!


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households!with!a!specific!code!(from!which!members!were!interviewed).!During!the!spot9checking!visit!

the!codes!were!checked!by!the!survey!supervisor,!who!visited!the!village!for!data!quality!assurance,!to!

ensure!the!data!is!collected!from!the!village!properly.!,

Survey!Sampling!Methodology:!!The!initial!survey9sampling!plan!was!to!collect!data!from!2534!community!members.!It!was!planned!to!

collect!data!from!both!males!and!females!i.e.!data!from!1267!females!and!1267!females!will!be!

collected.!Data!from!male!community!members!will!be!collected!through!trained!male!data!collectors!

while!data!from!the!female!community!members!will!be!collected!through!trained!female!data!

collectors.!!

Stratified9sampling!methodology!with!sample!size!proportionate!to!the!size!to!districts!was!used!to!

calculate!the!sample!size.!As!a!first!step!the!total!population!(5,523,200)!is!divided!into!the!six!distinct!

and!mutually!exclusive!strata!i.e.!the!provinces!namely!Baghlan,!Kunduz,!Badakhshan,!Takhar!and!Balkh.!

The!stratification!was!done!at!the!province!level!and!not!at!the!district!level!keeping!the!time,!weather!

and!budget!constraints.!The!sample!size!is!calculated!using!a!95%!confidence!level,!with!5%!confidence!

interval,!with!0.5!p!and!0.5!(19p),!and!10%!of!non9response!rate!to!reach!the!final!sample!size!of!2534.!

The!below!given!formula!was!used!to!calculate!sample!size:!

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The!sample!size!is!proportionately!divided!among!the!21!selected!districts;!which!means!that!more!

people!will!be!interviewed!from!the!larger!districts!and!vice!versa.!The!sample!size!calculation!is!shown!

in!the!table!below!(the!population!of!the!provinces!and!districts!is!calculated!based!on!Afghanistan's!

Central!Statistical!Office!estimates).!

S.No) Province)

Province)

Population) Selected)Districts))

District)

Population)

Number)

Individuals)

to)be)

interview))

1! Baghlan!

894900!

Puli!Khumri! 211800! 247!

Dahana9e9Ghori! 59200! 69!

Doshi! 67200! 79!

2! Kunduz!

991000!

Kunduz!City! 318900! 373!

Qala9i9Zal! 70000! 82!

Imam!Sahib! 233800! 273!


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3! Badakhshan!

966600!

Fayzabad! 67200! 79!

Yaftal9e9Payan! 53000! 62!

Shuhada! 34700! 41!

4! Takhar!

991000!

Taloqan! 227200! 265!

Bangi! 35300! 41!

Farkhar! 47100! 55!

Hazar!Somuch! 13800! 16!

5! Samangan!

381400!

Royee!Doab! 45800! 54!

Aybak! 104200! 122!

Dara9e9Soof!Payeen! 71800! 84!

Hazrat!Sultan! 41600! 49!

6! Balkh!

1298300!

Mazar9e9Sharif! 390800! 457!

Zari! 44000! 51!

Kaldar! 20100! 23!

Marmul! 11500! 13!

Total! 5523200! !! 2169000! 2534!

Quality!Assurance!Measures!during!the!Data!Collection:!The!following!quality!assurance!measures!were!introduced!to!ensure!quality!of!data!being!collected!by!

the!team!of!data!collectors!in!the!field:!

• Experienced!data!collectors!were!recruited!and!trained!to!collected!data!from!the!respondents.!!

• All!the!data!collectors!were!trained!by!the!principle!investigator!and!during!the!training!

sufficient!practice!time!was!provided!to!the!data!collectors!to!ensure!that!data!collectors!

acquires!the!needed!data!collection!skills.!

• The!contract!signed!with!each!data!collector!team!had!a!specific!clause!stating!that!an!extra!

amount!of!monitory!incentives!(500!AFN!per!day)!will!be!paid!to!the!team!based!on!the!quality!

of!the!data!being!collected!from!the!field.!

• The!data!collection!supervisors!travelled!to!the!villages!to!assess!and!supervise!the!process!of!

the!data!collection!in!the!field.!!

• Pictures!of!data!collection!process!members!were!taken!and!some!of!the!pictures!are!attached!

as!annex!of!the!report.!!

Data!Entry!and!Data!Cleaning:!The!all!the!data!collected!from!the!field!was!entered!into!a!specifically!designed!online!database.!All!the!

questionnaires!were!transferred!to!JS!Consultancy!Services!main!office!in!Kabul!and!the!eight!data!entry!

experts!entered!the!data!into!the!database.!The!data!from!the!online!database!was!downloaded!in!an!

excel!sheet!and!then!data!was!transferred!to!Stata.!The!cleaning!and!analysis!of!data!was!conducted!in!

the!Stata!and!MS9Excel.!!


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Data!Analysis:!!The!data!was!cleaned!and!analyzed!using!Stata912!and!MS9Excel!was!used!to!record!the!trends,!

frequencies!and!to!present!data!visually.!All!raw9data!will!be!shared!with!BMZ!as!agreed!in!data9sharing!

agreement.!!!!!

Data!Analysis!Findings:!

Respondent!Biographic!Information:!A!total!of!2514!community!members!and!their!representatives!were!interviewed!in!21!districts!of!six!

Focus!Provinces.!The!number!of!respondents!and!their!individual!percentages!and!cumulative!

percentages!are!shown!in!the!table!below.!!

SN Districts Freq. Percent Cum. 1 Ayebak 137 5.45 5.45 2 Bangi 40 1.59 7.04 3 Dahan-e-ghori 69 2.74 9.79 4 Dara-e-soof 84 3.34 13.13 5 Doshi 81 3.22 16.35 6 Faizabad 77 3.06 19.41 7 Farkhar 55 2.19 21.6 8 Hazarsoomuch 19 0.76 22.35 9 Hazratsultan 59 2.35 24.7

10 Imamsahib 269 10.7 35.4 11 Kaldar 21 0.84 36.24 12 Kunduz 372 14.8 51.03 13 Marmul 31 1.23 52.27 14 Mazar-e-sharif 397 15.79 68.06 15 Pul-e-khomri 247 9.82 77.88 16 Qala-e-zal 82 3.26 81.15 17 Royee-doab 48 1.91 83.05 18 Shuhada 42 1.67 84.73 19 Taloqan 262 10.42 95.15 20 Yaftal 59 2.35 97.49 21 Zareh 63 2.51 100

Total 2,514 100

!

The!average!age!of!the!survey!respondent!is!38.7!years!with!a!standard!deviation!of!14.6!years.!The!

youngest!respondent!was!16!years!old!while!the!oldest!respondent!was!95years!old.!Majority!(83.5%)!of!

the!respondents!were!married,!14%!were!single!while!a!small!percentage!(2%)!of!the!respondents!have!


Report!

!

reported!their!marital!status!as!widow/ed.!The!average!number!of!children!in!a!family!was!reported!to!

be!5.3!with!a!standard!deviation!of!3.3.!57%!of!the!survey!respondents!were!male!while!43!%!of!the!

respondents!were!female.!The!distribution!of!the!respondents!by!gender!is!shown!in!the!pie!chart!

below.!!

!

Majority!(58%)!of!the!respondents!had!no9formal!education!(illiterate),!11%!had!bachelor!degree,!and!

another!11%!were!diploma!holders!(have!completed!more!12!years!of!education).!The!distribution!of!

the!level!of!education!of!the!respondents!is!shown!in!the!below!frequency!table.!!!

SN Level of Education Freq. Percent Cum. 1 No Formal education 1,424 57.51 57.51 2 Primary school 189 7.63 65.15 3 Secondary school 179 7.23 72.37 4 High school 147 5.94 78.31 5 Diploma-holder (14 years of Edu.) 271 10.95 89.26 6 Bachelor degree 266 10.74 100

!

A!large!majority!of!the!respondents!have!reported!to!be!unemployed,!12%!have!reported!to!busy!in!

their!farms!and!7%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!to!be!daily!wageworker!and!students.!The!

distribution!of!the!survey!respondents!is!shown!in!the!pie9chart!below.!!

Male))

57%)

Female)

43%)

Survey)Respondents')DistribuSon)by)Gender)


Report!

!

!

The!distribution!of!the!respondents’!occupation!by!gender!is!shown!in!the!bar!chart!and!as!can!been!

seen!in!the!bar!chart!majority!(83%)!of!the!female!respondents!were!unemployed!as!19%!of!the!male!

respondents!who!were!unemployed.!!

!

Farmworker!

12%!

Govt.!Employee!

5%!

Others!

6%!

Sales/Service!Provider!

4%!Skilled!

Worker!

11%!

Student!

7%!Professional!

1%!

Unemployed!

47%!

Daily!Wagers!

7%!

DistribuSon)of)the)Respondents)OccupaSon)

20!

7! 7! 6!

18!

9!

2!

19!

12!

0!3!

5!

0! 1!4!

1!

83!

2!

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

DistribuSon))of)Respondents')OccupaSon))

By)Gender)

Male!

Female!


Report!

!

!

Section!1:!Political!Participation!The!data!presented!in!this!section!is!about!the!political!participation,!meaning!participation!of!the!

community!members!and!their!representatives!in!the!different!phases!of!development!projects.!Besides!

these!indicators!also!results!of!questionnaire!for!Provincial!Development!Committees!are!presented:!!

• 60!%!of!the!surveyed!population!in!the!focus!provinces!state!that!their!interests!have!been!

taken!into!account!in!the!selection,!planning!and!implementation!of!the!development!projects!

supported!by!German!Development!policy!organisations.!!

• 60!%!of!the!population!(60!per!cent!men!and!60!per!cent!women)!in!selected!focus!provinces!

state!that!the!number!and!quality!of!services!delivered!by!sub9national!administrative!

institutions!have!improved.!

• Interviewed!communities!confirm!after!finalization!of!the!programmes!enhanced!provision!with!

economic!and!social!infrastructure!

• Interviewed!PDC!member!appreciate!after!finalization!of!the!programmes!improvement!of!

decision9!and!implementation9procedures!within!the!provincial!administration!concerning!

planning,!construction!and!operation!&!maintenance!of!basic!infrastructure.!

Participation!of!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!in!the!different!phases!of!the!development!projects:!!

Community)Members)Participation:))Data!regarding!the!community!participation!in!different!phases!of!a!development!project!i.e.!pre9project!

phase!(need!assessment!and!selection),!project!design!phase!and!implementation!phase!was!collected.!

The!data!shows!that!participation!in!the!pre9project!phase!(need!assessment!and!project!selection)!was!

at!highest!level,!43%!of!the!community!members!(both9male!and!female)!have!reported!they!were!

consulted!either!directly!or!through!a!family!member!in!the!pre9project!phase.!However,!as!shown!in!

the!chart!below;!participation!of!the!males!in!the!pre9project!phase!was!much!greater!as!compared!to!

the!female!(45%!9males!vs.!33%9females).!!

!

!

45%!

39%! 38%!

33%!

39%!

27%!

0%!

10%!

20%!

30%!

40%!

50%!

PreWProject)Phase) Project)Planning)

Phase)

Project)

ImplementaSon)

Phase)

Reported)ParScipaSon)in)different)phases)of)

Development)Projects))

Both!

Male!

Female!!


Report!

!

!

The!data!shows!that!during!the!project!planning!phase!or!project!design!phase!the!participation!of!male!

and!female!in!the!almost!the!same!as!39%!of!male!and!female!have!reported!to!have!participated!or!

were!a!part!of!the!project!planning.!The!participation!of!the!community!members!(both!genders)!was!

reported!to!be!34%,!with!males!being!more!involved!in!the!implementation!of!the!projects!than!

females.!38%!of!male!respondents!have!reported!to!be!involved!in!the!implementation!of!projects!while!

only!27%!of!the!participants!have!reported!to!be!involved!in!the!implementation!of!the!project.!The!

chart!also!shows!that!involvement!in!the!pre9project!phase!was!greater!and!then!as!the!projects!

progresses!the!community!members!were!less!and!less!involved.!Similar!findings!were!reported!in!the!

FGDs!data.!

Similar!findings!were!reported!during!the!FGDs!that!were!conducted!in!the!first!step!of!the!study!and!

findings!are!given!in!the!FGDs!report!attached!to!the!annex!of!this!study.!!!

The!variation!of!community!participation,!by!district!and!by!province,!in!the!different!phases!of!the!

project!is!shown!in!the!below!charts.!Province!or!district!specific!interventions!can!be!designed!to!

improve!the!participation!of!the!community!members!in!the!different!phases!of!development!project!in!

every!province!and!every!district.!!

!

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

PreWProject)Phase) Project)Planning)Phase) Project)ImplementaSon)Phase)

%)parScipaSon)

Reported)Community)ParicipaSon)in)Development)Porjects)

(By)Province)))

Badakhshan)

Takhar)

Baghlan)

Kundoz)

Samangan)

Balkh)


Report!

!

!

Also,!data!regarding!community!participation!by!urban!and!rural!areas!is!presented!in!the!chart!below;!

the!analysis!is!done!to!document!level!of!participation!in!rural!and!urban!areas!and!it!can!be!observed!

that!participation!of!communities!in!the!urban!areas!is!lower!than!participation!in!rural!areas.!The!

national!solidarity!program!(NSP)!model!of!mobilizing!communities!via!Community!Development!

Councils!(CDCs)!to!participate!in!the!development!project!was!designed!for!the!rural!areas!(villages). MRRD!created!NSP!to!develop!the!ability!of!Afghan!communities!to!identify,!plan,!manage!and!monitor!

their!own!development!projects.!Through!the!promotion!of!good!local!governance,!the!NSP!works!to!

empower!rural!communities!to!make!decision!affecting!their!own!lives!and!livelihoods.!Empowered!

rural!communities!collectively!contribute!to!increased!human!security.!The!program!is!inclusively!

supporting!all!of!the!communities!including!the!poorest!and!vulnerable!people.!NSP!strongly!promotes!a!

unique!development!paradigm,!whereby!communities!can!make!important!decisions!and!participate!in!

all!stages!of!their!development,!contributing!their!own!resources.!With!the!support!of!FPs,!communities!

elect!their!leaders!and!representatives!to!form!voluntary!Community!Development!Councils!(CDCs)!

through!a!transparent!and!democratic!process.!BMZ!supports!the!NSP!program!via!ARTF!funding.!!

!

59!

62!

14!

26!

46!

73!

60!

54!

20!

0!

33!

32!

11!

57!

43!

20!

83!

31!

22!

33!

41!

71!

25!

29!

14!

78!

63!

39!

24!

0!

28!

32!

9!

28!

37!

22!

70!

36!

36!

12!

Ayebak)

Bangi)

DWSoof)

Doshi)

Faizabad)

Farkhar)

HazarWSomuch)

Hazrat)Sultan)

Imam)Sahib)

Kaldar)

Kundoz)

Marmul)

MazzarWeWsharif)

PuleWKhumri)

Qalaezal)

RoyeeDoab)

Shuhada)

Taluqan)

Yabal)

Zareh)

%)parScipaSon))in)the)different)phases)of)the)development)projects)

Name)of)Districts))

Community)ParicipaSon)in)Development)Projects)

(By)District))

PreWProject)Phase) Project)Planning)Phase) Project)ImplementaSon)Phase)


Report!

!

The!same!model!is!used!for!mobilization!of!communities!to!participate!in!the!development!projects!in!

the!urban!areas;!the!social,!economic!and!other!contextual!dynamics!are!different!in!the!urban!areas!as!

compared!to!the!rural!areas!therefore!the!NSP!model!is!not!very!effective!in!mobilizing!communities!in!

the!urban!areas.!!

!

Community)Development)Council)(CDC))Members)Participation:)The!data!was!also!analyzed!to!document!the!level!of!participation!of!council!members!in!the!different!

phases!of!the!development!projects;!and!the!data!shows!that!participation!of!the!council!members!was!

significantly!higher!as!compared!to!the!community!members.!The!graph!below!shows!the!findings!of!the!

participation!of!council!members!in!different!phases!of!the!project.!!

!

!

44!

39!

26!

51!

39!38!

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

PreWProject)Phase) Project)Planning)Phase) Project)

ImplementaSon)Phase)

%)ParScipaSon)

)Reported)Community)ParScipaSon)in)Development)Projects)

(Rural)Vs.)Urban))

Urban)Areas)

Rural)Areas)

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

100!

PreWProject)Phase) Project)Planning)Phase) Project)

ImplementaSon)Phase)

%)ParScipaSon)

Reported)Council)Members)ParScipaSon)in)the)Development)Projects)

(Total)and)By)Provinces))

All!

Badakhshan!

Takhar!

Baghlan!

Kundoz!

Samangan!

Balkh!


Report!

!

Perceived!Benefits!of!the!Development!Projects:!!Data!regarding!perceived!benefits!of!the!of!the!development!projects!was!collected!and!the!results!of!

the!data!analysis!is!shown!in!the!bar!chart!below,!and!as!can!be!seen!males!perceived!the!development!

projects!more!beneficial!than!females.!The!research!has!shown!that!participation!in!the!development!

projects!is!directly!associated!with!positive!perception!about!the!projects!so!as!women!are!less!involved!

in!the!development!project!therefore!that!have!less!positive!perception!about!the!projects.!!

!

!

Enhanced!Provision!of!the!Economic!and!Social!Infrastructures:!!Data!from!communities!regarding!their!perception!about!increase!in!the!economic!and!social!

infrastructure!was!also!collected!and!the!findings!of!the!data!show!that!respondents!have!reported!1.97!

schools!present!in!their!village!with!a!standard!deviation!of!2.99.!The!median!number!of!schools!present!

in!a!village!as!reported!by!the!respondents!is!1.!Also!data!about!the!number!of!the!schools!in!the!district!

was!collected!and!the!data!shows!that!on!average!16.92!schools!were!reported!to!be!present!in!the!

district!with!a!standard!deviation!of!32.79.!The!median!number!of!schools!present!in!the!district!was!

reported!to!be!4.!This!reported!number!of!schools!will!be!compared!with!the!end!line,!to!measure!the!

changes!in!the!perception!of!communities!regarding!enhanced!provision!of!the!social!and!economic!

infrastructure.!!

Data!regarding!perceived!increase!in!the!number!of!roads!and!schools!was!collected!and!the!data!is!

presented!in!the!bar!chart!below;!this!data!will!be!compared!with!the!end!line!to!measure!the!

perception!of!communities!about!increase!number!of!social!and!economic!infrastructure.!!

78.9)

87.77)89.01)

95.37)

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

100!

Project)Benefited)You) Project)Beneficial)for)Others)

Percieved)Benefits)of)Development)Projects)

Female!

Male!!


Report!

!

!

!

Presence!and!Appropriateness!of!Provincial!Administrations’!Procedures!for!Basic!Infrastructure!Projects:!Data!from!Provincial!Development!Committee!(PDC)!members!was!collected!regarding!the!presence!and!

appropriateness!of!provincial!administration!procedures!and!the!data!analysis!shows!that!only!a!small!

proportions!(20%930%)!of!the!PDC!members!have!reported!the!presence!of!such!procedures!at!the!

provincial!administration!level,!while!the!majority!of!the!PDC!members!have!reported!that!either!

procedures!for!the!different!stages!of!the!basic!infrastructure!projects!are!not!present!or!they!are!not!

aware!of!about!the!presence!of!such!procedures.!!The!baseline!measures!about!the!existing!procedure!

for!basic!infrastructures!projects!are!shown!in!the!below!chart!and!this!measured!will!be!compared!with!

the!end!line!in!2017!in!order!to!analyze!if!the!procedures!are!developed!and!shared!with!different!

stakeholders.!!

!

The!PDC!members,!who!have!reported!the!presence!of!procedures!for!the!different!stages!of!the!basic!

infrastructure!projects,!were!asked!to!share!their!perceptions!about!the!appropriateness/suitability!of!

the!basic9infrastructure9provincial9administrations!procedures.!The!data!shows!that!only!a!small!

55.87)

47.85)44.13)

52.15)

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

100!

Number)of)Schools)increased)in)Village) Number)of)Roads)Increased)in)District)

PercepSon)about)increase)in)number)of)schools)and)roads))

Yes!

No!

26%) 26%)24%)

21%)26%)

33%)

0%!

10%!

20%!

30%!

40%!

SelecSon) Planning) ImplementaSon) Monitoring) OperaSon) Maintainence))

Percent)PDC)Members)Reported:)Provincial)AdminstraSon)has)Procedures)

for)Differment)Stages)of)Basic)Infrastructure)Projects)


Report!

!

percentage!of!the!PDC!members!either!agreed!or!strongly!agreed!that!provincial!administration!

procedures!are!appropriate.!While!majority!of!PDC!members,!who!reported!the!presence!of!procedures,!

have!stated!that!the!procedures!are!not!suitable.!The!findings!are!shown!in!the!graph!below.!!

!

!

Section!2:!Services!delivered!by!SubLNational!Administrative!bodies!In!this!section!data!regarding!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!sub9national!administrative!bodies!is!

presented.!Data!regarding!the!following!two!indicators!of!BMZ!country!strategy!is!presented!in!this!

section;!

• 60!per!cent!of!the!population!in!all!supported!districts!think!that!public!services!have!improved,!

• 60!per!cent!of!the!population!of!state!judicial!bodies!and!sub9national!administrative!bodies!in!

the!supported!provinces!think!that!state!organs!give!adequate!consideration!to!rights!of!the!

population!

Utilization!of!Services!of!SubLNational!Administrative!Bodies:!The!data!shows!that!25%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!they!have!visited!the!district!

administrative!offices!in!the!last!month!while!23%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!they!have!

visited!the!provincial!administrative!offices!in!the!last!month.!On!average!the!respondents!(those!who!

have!stated!that!they!have!visited!office!in!last!one!month)!have!visited!the!districts!offices!2.53!times!

while!they!have!visited!2.15!times!provincial!offices!in!last!month.!Majority!of!the!respondents!have!

visited!the!provincial!and!district!office!for!personal!matters!such!as!getting!the!ID9card,!passport,!

driver’s!license!etc.!The!second!most!common!reason!to!visit!the!district!or!provincial!office!is!family!

affairs!such!as!birth,!education!certificates,!school!registration!of!the!children!etc.!!The!data!regarding!

the!reason!for!visiting!the!district!or!provincial!offices!is!shown!in!the!bar!chart!below.!!

19%!

17%!

21%!

24%!

19%!

21%!

81%!

83%!

79%!

76%!

81%!

79%!

0%! 10%! 20%! 30%! 40%! 50%! 60%! 70%! 80%! 90%! 100%!

Selecoon!

Planning!

Implementaoon!

Monitoring!

Operaoon!

Mainoanence!

)PDC)Members')PercepSon:)Provincial)AdminstraSon's))Procedures)for)Differment)Stages)

of)Basic)Infrastructure)Projects)are)Approperiate)

Agree!

Disagree!


Report!

!

!

The!offices!visited!by!the!community!members!in!last!one!month!are!shown!in!the!table!given!below.!!

SN Name of the Offices Visited in last 1 month % District Offices Visited % Provincial Offices Visited 1 Health 46.45 46.27 2 Education 24.84 24.44 3 Agriculture 7.1 4.51 4 Rural Development 8.06 5.55 5 Women Affairs 3.23 4.68 6 Statistics Office 12.26 6.93 7 Police Office 15 10.4 8 Others 10.16 12.48

!

!Quality!of!Services!Provided!by!the!SubLNational!Administrative!Bodies:!

Quality)Services)Delivered)by)the)District)offices:)Four!different!indicators!were!used!to!measure!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!district!offices.!

These!indicators!are:!district!offices!solving!the!issues!of!the!community!members!(clients),!district!staff!

considered!it!a!duty!to!serve!their!clients,!rating!of!the!quality!of!the!services!of!visited9district!office!by!

the!clients!(using!a!Likert!Scale)!and!measuring!the!perception!of!the!community!about!the!district!

offices!being!considerate!to!the!other!visiting!clients.!!

The!data!about!the!first!two!indicators!is!presented!in!the!bar!chart!below!and!as!shown!in!the!chart!

83%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!the!visited!district!office!solved!their!issues.!

56)

27)

13)

2)

13)

52)

24)

9)

2)

19)

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

Personal)

Magers)

Family)

Magers)

Village/)

Community)

Development)

Issue)

District)

Development)

Issue)

Others)

Percentage)

Reasons)for)VisiSng)the)District)and)Provincial)Offices)

District!

Offices!

Provincial!

Offices!


Report!

!

!

About!82%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!the!district!offices!considered!it!their!duty!to!serve!

the!visiting!clients.!The!chart!below!shows!the!quality!of!the!district!offices!in!each!province.!

!

Respondents!were!asked!to!rate!the!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!district!offices!that!were!

visited!by!the!clients!in!last!one!month,!and!respondents!were!asked!to!report!their!perceptions!about!

the!district!office!being!considerate!to!the!needs!of!clients!visiting!the!district!office.!For!both!these!

indicators!a!Likert!scale!(having!4!options)!was!used,!since!the!Likert!scale!is!associated!with!a!number!of!

the!biases!therefore!if!the!positive!responses!(response!of!3!or!4!on!a!Likert!scale)!are!less!than!80%!

then!quality!of!services!are!considered!as!of!unsatisfactory!quality.!The!findings!of!the!data!are!shown!

the!bar!chart!below.!The!data!shows!that!only!50%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!district!offices!

are!considerate!to!the!rights!of!clients!visiting!them!while!77%!of!clients!have!rated!the!quality!of!

services!delivered!by!that!rated!the!quality!services,!delivered!by!the!districts!offices,!as!satisfactory.!The!

83!

85!

87!

77!

84! 84!

80!

72!

74!

76!

78!

80!

82!

84!

86!

88!

All) Badakhshan) Takhar) Kundoz) Baghlan) Samangan) Balkh)

Quality)of)Services)Delivered)by)District)Office))

(%)reported)their)issue)was)solved)by)the)office))

82! 84.62! 84.76!

74.73!81.75!

90.43!

78.26!

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

100!

Quality)of)Services)Delivered)by)District)Office)

(Providing)Service)Considered)a)Duty))


Report!

!

graph!shows!that!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!district!offices!of!Samangan,!Takhar!and!Baghlan!

were!rated!highly!while!services!delivered!by!the!district!offices!of!Kunduz!and!Balkh!got!very!low!rating.!!

!

!

Quality)of)Services)Delivered)by)Provincial)Offices:)The!four!mentioned!quality!indicators!were!also!used!to!measure!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!

provincial!offices.!The!finding!of!the!data!is!shown!in!the!bar!charts!below!and!as!shown!in!the!chart!

about!76%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!their!issues!have!been!solved!by!the!provincial!offices,!

and!about!74%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!provincial!office!they!visited!considered!it!their!

duty!to!serve!them.!However,!compared!to!the!districts!offices!the!quality!of!provincial!offices!received!

a!low!scoring!in!these!two!quality!indicators.!!

!

0! 20! 40! 60! 80! 100!

All!

Badakhshan!

Takhar!

Kundoz!

Baghlan!

Samangan!

Balkh!

%)rated)services)as)either)good)or)very)good)

Quality)of)Services)Delivered)District)Offices))

Quality!of!District!Office!Visited!

District!Office!Considerate!to!

Rights!of!Visitors!

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

%)posiSve)responses)

Quality)of)Services)Delivered)by)Provincial)Offices)

Clients'!Issue!Solved!!

Providing!Service!

Considered!a!Duty!


Report!

!

Data!regarding!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!provincial!offices!that!were!visited!by!the!clients!

in!the!last!month,!using!a!Likert!scale!was!also!collected.!As!mentioned!above!data!regarding!

respondents’!rating!of!the!quality!of!services!of!provincial!office!visited!by!them!and!data!regarding!

respondents’!perception!about!the!provincial!office!considerate!to!the!rights!of!the!clients!was!also!

collected.!The!findings!of!the!data!are!shown!in!bar!chart!below.!!

!

Section!3:!!Rule!of!Law!In!this!section!data!regarding!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!sub9national!judicial!bodies!and!

perception!about!police!is!presented.!

Services!Delivered!by!Huqooq!Offices:!!

Informational)Access)about)Huqooq)Offices:))The!respondents!were!asked!to!identify!an!appropriate!entity!for!the!resolution!of!a!given!civil!dispute!

between!two!villagers.!The!data!shows!that!20%!of!the!respondents!were!able!to!correctly!identify!the!

“Huqooq!offices”!as!a!point!for!resolution!of!civil!disputes.!About!29%!male!and!7%!of!the!female!

respondents!were!able!to!the!identify!Huqooq!offices!as!a!point!for!resolution!of!civil!dispute.!So,!this!

shows!that!awareness!among!community!members!and!especially!females!are!very!low.!!

0! 20! 40! 60! 80! 100!

All!

Badakhshan!

Takhar!

Kundoz!

Baghlan!

Samangan!

Balkh!

%)rated)services)as)good)or)very)good))

Quality)of)Services)Delivered)by)Provincial)Offices)

Quality!of!Office!Visited!

Office!Considerate!to!Rights!

of!Visitors!


Report!

!

!

Then,!the!participants!were!asked!about!the!presence!of!a!Huqooq!office!in!their!district!then!about!46%!

of!the!participants!reported!that!a!Huqooq!office!is!present!in!their!district.!Of!those!who!reported!that!

Huqooq!office!is!present!in!their!district!they!were!asked!to!report!about!the!functions!of!a!Huqooq!

office!then!only!33%!reported!that!a!Huqooq!office!resolve!civil!disputes.!A!small!proportion!(5%)!of!

respondents!reported!that!Huqooq!office!work!for!civil!and!commercial!rights!of!the!citizens.!The!finding!

of!the!data!is!shown!in!chart!below.!!

!

Quality)of)Services)delivered)by)Huqooq)Offices:)Data!regarding!the!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!Huqooq!offices!was!collected!and!the!data!shows!

that!84%!of!respondents,!who!reported!that!they!or!their!relatives!have!used!the!services!of!Huqooq!

offices!(n=1127,!45%!of!the!total!respondents),!have!reported!the!quality!of!Huqooq!offices!as!good.!

However,!among!all!the!survey!respondents!only!37%!reported!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!

20!

29!

7!

0!

5!

10!

15!

20!

25!

30!

35!

Correctly!Idenofy!Huqooq!Office!for!Resoluoon!of!Civil!Dispute!

Percentage)of)Respondents)who)correctly)idenSfy)Huqooq)Office)

for)resoluSon)of)a)civil)dispute)

Both!

Male!

Female!

33!

5!

0!

5!

10!

15!

20!

25!

30!

35!

Resolve!Civil!Disputes! Work!for!Civil!and!Commercial!Rights!!

Percentage)of)respondents)correctly)idenSfied)funcSon)of)huqooq)office)


Report!

!

Huqooq!office!as!“good”.!The!data!shows!that!66%!of!the!respondents!(n=1125,!45%!of!the!total!

respondents)!have!reported!that!Huqooq!offices!are!helpful!in!resolving!the!civil!disputes.!!

Perception!about!Services!Delivered!by!Police:!!

Perception)about)Police)as)a)protective)force:))The!respondents!were!asked!to!report!if!they!think!that!police!protects!their!rights.!87%!of!the!

respondents!have!reported!that!police!is!a!force!for!protection!of!their!rights.!However,!the!analysis!of!

this!data!by!district!shows!that!variation!in!the!perception!about!police!in!different!districts.!The!finding!

of!perception!of!police!as!protective!force!of!the!rights!of!the!citizen!is!shown!in!the!chart!below.!!

!!

Those!who!reported!that!police!protects!their!rights!were!asked!to!what!extent!do!police!protects!their!

rights.!About!75%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!police!protects!their!rights!always!or!most!of!

the!times.!However,!25%!of!the!participants!have!the!reported!that!police!protects!their!rights!

sometime!or!rarely.!!

Changes)in)Police)Conduct:)The!respondents!were!asked!to!report!about!the!changes!in!police!conduct!then!about!67%!of!the!

respondents!have!reported!that!police!conduct!has!changed!in!last!few!years!while!the!others!have!

reported!that!the!conduct!has!remained!the!same!or!has!not!changed.!The!respondents!were!asked,!

how!has!the!police!conduct!changed!over!the!years,!afterwards!chart!below!explains!the!how!the!

conduct!of!police!has!changed!in!each!province!as!reported!by!the!respondents.!!

87!

98!

93!

91!

94!90!

92!

98!95!

95!

73!

90!

85!

100!

94!79!

90!

72!

98!91!

68! 68!

0!

20!

40!

60!

80!

100!

120!

Total)

Ayebak)

Bangi)

DWGhori)

DWSoof)

Doshi)

Faizabad)

Farkhar)

HazarWSomuch)

Hazrat)Sultan)

Imam)Sahib)

Kaldar)

Kundoz)

Marm

ul)

MazzarWeWsharif)

PuleWKhumri)

Qalaezal)

RoyeeDoab)

Shuhada)

Taluqan)

Yabal)

Zareh)

Percentenge)of)Repondents)that)Reported)Police)as)ProtecSve)of)Rights)Force)

(By)District))


Report!

!

!

Police)Awareness)about)the)Law:)Data,!regarding!police!awareness!about!the!law,!was!collected!and!the!data!shows!that!majority!(46%)!

of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!police!has!sufficient!knowledge!about!the!law!while!40%!of!the!

respondents!have!reported!that!police!has!basic!knowledge!of!the!law!and!a!small!percentage!(14%)!of!

the!respondents!have!reported!that!police!knows!every!almost!everything!about!the!law.!!

!

!

1! 2! 3! 1! 1! 1!11!

33! 35!39!

31!38!

88!

65! 63! 60!68!

62!

0!

20!

40!

60!

80!

100!

Badakhshan) Takhar) Kundoz) Baghlan) Samangan) Balkh)

Percentage)the)reported))changes)in)police)conduct))

(By)Province))

Conduct)

Worsened)

Improvements)

Not)Enough)

Significant)

PosSve)Changes))

Basic)

Knowledge)

40%)

Sufficient)

Knowledge)

46%)

Know)everySng)

about)Law)

14%)

Respodents')PercepSon)about)Police)Knowledge)of)Law)


Report!

!

Perception)about)the)need)and)presence)of)female)police)in)the)district:)Data!regarding!the!presence!of!female!police!and!the!need!(if!not!present)!was!collected!and!the!data!

shows!that!a!small!percentage!of!respondents!have!reported!that!female!police!is!present!in!their!

district;!and!the!data!shows!respondents!have!reported!an!universal!need!for!the!females!in!the!police!

force.!!

!

!

Types)of)Duties)to)be)performed)by)the)Female)Police)Officers:)Data!the!regarding!the!types!of!duties!to!be!performed!by!the!female!police!officers!were!collected.!The!

majority!of!the!males!were!of!the!opinion!that!female!police!should!be!meant!to!do!body!checking!of!

females.!The!data!regarding!types!of!duties!that!police!should!perform!is!shown!in!the!chart!below.!!

!

38!

93!

34!

89!

0!

10!

20!

30!

40!

50!

60!

70!

80!

90!

100!

Female!Police!Present!in!the!

District!

Female!Needed!in!the!district!if!

not!present!

Respondents)percepSon)about)the)presence)and)need)

of)female)police)in)the)district)

Female!

Male!

19.73!

84.89!

6.47!

24.06!

79.68!

10.21!

16.44!

88.8!

3.69!

0! 10! 20! 30! 40! 50! 60! 70! 80! 90! 100!

Work)Just)Inside)Office)

Perform)Body)Checks)

Patrolling))

Percent)Responses)about)the)types)of)duSes)suitable)for)Female)Police)

Male!

Female!

Both!


Report!

!

)

Improvement)in)Crime)Reporting)if)number)of)Female)Police)Increased:)The!respondents!were!asked,!whether!an!increase!in!the!number!of!the!female!police!might!affect!their!

crime!reporting!frequency.!Then,!the!data!shows!that!73%!of!the!respondents!have!reported!that!the!

crime!reporting!frequency!will!increase,!9%!reported!that!the!crime!reporting!frequency!will!not!change!

while!18%!were!not!sure!if!their!crime!reporting!frequency!will!change!or!not.!!The!data!also!shows!that!

about!76%!of!the!females!have!reported!that!the!crime!reporting!frequency!will!increase!if!more!women!

are!included!in!the!police!force!while!only!70%!of!male!have!reported!that!they!this!will!be!the!case.!!

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Report!

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!

Annex:!Baseline!Survey!Questionnaire!(Community!Members!Data!Collection)!

BMZ Country Strategy Baseline)Survey)Questionnaire)))

Instructions)and)Consent)

Hello,!

My! name! is! ___________________.!We! are! working! with! JS! Consultancy! Services.!We! are! conducting! a! survey! on! behalf! of! German!

Development!Cooperation!which!supports!Afghan!Partners!in!the!provision!of!the!governmental!services,!in!the!6!north9eastern!provinces,!

as!well!as!on!central!level.!!

The! purpose! of! this! survey! is! to! collect! baseline! data! from! you! (the! community! members! and! your! representatives)! so! that! German!

Development! Cooperation! can! better! support! Afghan! partner! institutions! on! provincial,! district! and! community! level! to! plan! and!

implement!development!projects.!

Your!participation!in!the!survey!very!important!as!your!information!will!enable!German!Development!Cooperation!and!its!Afghan!partner!

institutions!to!deliver!more!efficient!services!which!will!improve!the!current!conditions!in!the!communities.!

I!would! like! to!ask! you!about! the!project! implemented!by!German!Development!Cooperation!partners! in! your!district! and!will! ask! you!

about!the!quality!of!public!services!delivered!by!sub9national!administrative!bodies!and!state!judicial!bodies.!The!interview!usually!takes!

about!30!minutes!to!complete.!Whatever!information!you!provide!will!be!kept!strictly!confidential!and!will!not!be!shown!to!other!persons.!!!

If!you!all!agree!to!participate!in!this!interview!then!I!will!sign!on!your!behalf!showing!your!consent!to!participate!in!this!survey.!!

!The!respondent!agreed!to!participate!in!the!survey!

!

The!respondent!agreed!to!participate!in!the!survey!

Signature:!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Date:!_____________!

Interviewer)Information) Response)

Interview!Date!:! !

Interviewer’s!Name!:! !

Supervisor!Name!:!! !

Questionnaire!Result!Code!Assigned!by!Supervisor!:!! !

Date!Data!Entered:! !


Report!

!

Name!of!Data!Entry!Person!:!! !

!

!

Q # Questions Response Skip

Quality of Services Delivered by Sub-National Administrative Bodies

101 In the last 1 month, have you visited line departments in the district? 1. Yes

2. No 109

102 How many times have you visited the district offices? __________ times

103 Which line departments did you visit? 1. Health

2. Education

3. Agriculture

4. DRRD

5. Women Affairs

6. Statistics Office

7. Police

96. Others (specify) _____________

104 What was the reason for your visit? 1. Personal matters (issuing of ID-card, passport, drivers license)

2. Family affairs (birth, educational authentication, school registration)

3. Village/ Community Development Issues (need for infrastructure, water/irrigation, hospital, schools, etc.)

4. District Development Issues (need for infrastructure, water/irrigation, hospital, schools, etc.)

96. Others (specify) _____________

105 Has your issue or problem been solved by the relevant district office ? 1. Yes

2. No

106 Do you think that the district office you visited, consider it thier duty to serve you as an Afghan citizen?

1. Yes

2. No


Report!

!

107 The district office you visited pays adequate consideration to the rights of the people visiting the office. (Read the statement and then ask the respondent whether she/he strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with this statement or don't know about the status)

1.Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

108 How would you rate the quality of services delivered by the line deparment that you visited ?

1. Very Good

2. Good

3. Poor

4. Very Poor

109 Do you think that district government offices consult with the people to assess the needs of the people?

1. Yes

2. No 112

88. Don't Know 112

110 How do the district offices consult with the people to find out about their needs?

1. Consultative Meeting

2. Meeting with the people representative

3. Conduct Survey

96. Others (specify) ____________________________

111 Have you ever participated in a need assessment process? 1. Yes

2. No

112 Do you think that district government offices implement projects based on the needs of the people?

1. Yes

2. No 114

88. Don't Know 114

113 How much do the district offices pay attention to the needs of the people while preparing new projects?

1. Too Much

2. Much

3. Less

4. Very Less


Report!

!

114 Do the district offices share information regarding their performance, spending and future plans with the people?

(PLease change the skipping partern, the question should skipped to 117, in the data base it is skipped to 118-which the wrong skipping partern)

1. Yes

2. No 117

88. Don't Know 117

115 How do the district offices share information regarding their performance, spending and future plans with the people ?

1. Consultative Meeting

2. Meeting with the people representative

3. Conduct Survey

96. Others (specify) ____________________________

116 Have you ever participated in such a process, where information regarding performance, spending and future plans were shared with people?

1. Yes

2. No

117 How transparent are district offices regarding their performance, spending and future plans ?

1. Highly Transparent

2. Transparent

3. Don't Know

4. Secretive

5. Highly Secretive

118 In the last 1 months, have you visited line departments in the province? 1. Yes

2. No 126

119 How many times have you visited the provincial offices? _________ times

120 Which line departments did you visit? 1. Health

(circle more than one options) 2. Education

3. Agriculture

4. DRRD

5. Women Affairs

6. Statistics Office

7. Police

96. Others (specify) _____________

121 What was the reason for your visit? (Circle more than one response) 1. Personal matters (issuing of ID-card, passport, drivers license)

2. Family affairs (birth, educational authentication, school registration)


Report!

!

3. Village/ Community Development Issues (need for infrastructure, water/irrigation, hospital, schools, etc.)

4. District Development Issues (need for infrastructure, water/irrigation, hospital, schools, etc.)

96. Others (specify) _____________

122 Has your issue or problem been solved by the relevant provincial office? 1. Yes

2. No

123 How would you rate the quality of services delivered by the line deparment that you visited ?

1. Very Good

2. Good

3. Poor

4. Very Poor

124 Do you think that the provincial office you visited, consider it thier duty to serve you as an Afghan citizen?

1.Yes

2. No

125 The provincial office you visited pays adequate consideration to the rights of the people visiting the office.

1.Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Agree

(Read the statement and then ask the respondent whether she/he strongly agree, agree, disagree or strongly disagree with this statement or don't know about the status)

4. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

126 The education directorate pays adequate consideration to the right of education of the people district.

1.Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Agree


4. Strongly disagree

5. Strongly Agree

127 How would you rate the schools (education) services in your district? 1. Very Good

2. Good


3. Poor

4. Very Poor

128 The public health directorate pays adequate consideration to the health of 1.Strongly Disagree


Report!

!

the people district. 2. Disagree


3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

129 How would you rate the health services provided by the public clinics in your district?

1. Very Good

2. Good

3. Poor

4. Very Poor

Participation in the Development Projects

130 Which development projects are implemented in your district ? 1. School

2. Road

3. Protection Wall

(explain to the respondent that development projects means construction of road, school, clinics etc. )

4. Clinic

5. Teacher Training Center

6. Bridges

7. Water Scheme

8. Women Market/Garden

88. Don't Know 146

96. Others (specify) ____________

131 Who implemented the above mentioned projects? 1. GoIRA

(Circle all the Apply) 2. People Themselves

(If NGOs is mentioned in then ask the participant if she/he can name a few NGOs; if is unable then leave it blank)

3.NGOs (specify) _________________________

88. Don't Know

96. Others (specify) ___________

132 Who funded the above mentioned projects? 1. GoIRA

2. People Themselves


Report!

!

3.NGOs (specify) _________________________

88. Don't Know


133 Why were ___________ (project) being implemented in your district? 1. It was needed

(Ask about any of the project mentioned by the respondent in 130) 2. People asked for it

3. Shura members asked for it

4. Parliament member asked for it

5. Influential person from district asked for it

6. Donor planned to implement it

88. Don't Know


134 Were you personally consulted during the selection of the _____________ (project) ? (Ask about any of the project mentioned by the respondent in 133)

1. Yes

2. No

135 Was someone from your family consulted during the selection of the __________________ (project)?

1. Yes

(Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 133) 2. No

136 Were the members of the your village councils consulted during the selection of the ___________(project)?

1. Yes


88. Don't Know

137 Who prepared the plan (design) of the __________ (project)? 1. Technical Person(Engineer, Consultant)

2. Project Team

(Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 133) 3. Village Elders/Council Members

88. Don't Know

96. Others(specify) ____________

138 Was the plan (design) of _______ (project) shared with you or your family members?

1. Yes

2. No

(Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 133) 88. Don't Know


Report!

!

139 Was the plan (design) of _______ (project) shared with council members or your village shura members?

1. Yes

2. No


140 Were you involved in the implementation of the _____________ (project) ? 1. Yes

(Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 133) 2. No 142

141 What was your role durring the implementation of the project? 1. Just received regular information about progress of work

2. Worked as daily wage worker in the project

3. Occasionally monitored the project

(Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 133) 4. Regularly monitored the project


142 Were the your village shura members involved in the implementation of the _____________ (project) ?

1. Yes

2. No 144


143 What was the role of village shura members in implementation of the ______________project?

1. Provided the daily wage workers to the project

2. Occasionally monitored the project

(Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 133) 3. Regularly monitored the project

4. Implemented the Project

96. Others (specify) ________

144 Has the __________ (name of project) beneficial to you or/and to your family?

1. Yes !!


145 Has the __________ (name of project) beneficial to people of your village? 1. Yes !!


146 How many schools do you have in your village? ( put 88 if the respondent don't know about number of schools)

_____________ schools

147 How many schools do you have in your district ?( put 88 if the respondent don't know about number of schools)

_____________ schools

148 Do you think that there are more schools in your village/district than before? 1. Yes


Report!

!

2. No

149 Have new roads being built in your village/district? 1. Yes

2. No

150 Do you think that there are more roads in your village/district than before ? 1. Yes

2. No

Rule of Law

153 Suppose someone in your village has a civil dispute with another person; the village elders, shura members and religious leaders tried their best but they were not able to resolve the dispute between them. The elders have asked them to resolve their dispute through government (formal) system. So, where should they go to resolve their civil dispute?

1. Police Office

2. Attorney Office

3. Court

4. Huqooq Office

(Explain to the respondent the civil dispute means dispute on land, property ownership, house rent dispute, or dispute of loan repayment)

88. Don't Know

96. Others Institution (specify) ________

154 Is there a "Huqooq Office" in your district?

(Change the skipping pattern, the questions in skipped to 157, however in the data base it is skipped in the to 158 so change this skipping pattern)

1. Yes

2.No 157

88. Don't Know 157

155 Based either on your own experience or based on the experiences of your relatives; How would you rate the legal services provided by the Huqooq Offices in your district?

1. Very Good

2. Good

3. Poor

4. Very Poor

156 Is the Huqooq Officer in your district helpful in solving conflicts between the citizens?

1. Yes

2. No

88. Don't Know

157 What is the function/purpose of a "Huqooq Office" ? 1. Works for Human Rights Issues

2. Works for Child Rights

3. Works for Women Rights

4. Resolve Civil disputes

5. Obtaining of the civil and commercial rights of persons and legal entities

6. Enforcement of the final verdicts of the courts


Report!

!

88. Don't Know

96. Others (specify) _____________

158 If there is no "Huqooq Office" in your district, then do you know where the next "Huqooq Office" is located?

1. In the center of the province

2. In Kabul

88. Don't Know where the Huqooq Offices are

1599

A!

Do you know where one could get free legal aid if he/she has a legal problem?

1. Yes !!

2. No 160!

159-B

If yes, can place from where one can get free legal aid ? 1. Department of Justice

(Circle all the correct responses) 2. The lawyers/AIBA

!! 96. Others (specify) _________________ !!

160 Do you believe that the police protects your rights? 1. Yes

2. No 162

161 How much do the police protect your rights? 1. Always

2. Most of times

3. Some time

4. Rarely

162 Have you noticed any changes in the way of conduct/work of police in recent years?

(Change the skipping to 164, instead of 165 as present in the data base)

1. Yes

2. No 164

163 How has the conduct of police changed in recent years? 1. It has improved significantly

(Read the all the responses to the respondent) 2. Improvements are not enough

3. It has worsened

164 How do you rate the crime prevention skills of your district police ? 1. Very Good

2. Good

3. Poor

4. Very Poor

165 Do you think that police officers have knowledge of law? 1. Yes

2. No 167


Report!

!

166 How much knowledge police officers have about the law? 1. Basic Knowledge about the Law

2. Sufficient Knowledge about the Law

3. Know almost everything about the Law

167 Does your district police department have female police members? 1. Yes !!

2. No !!

88. Don't Know !!

168 Do you think that female police officers are needed in the police office? (district or provincial police office)

1. Yes

2. No 170

169 How important is it to have female police in the district ? 1. Very Important

2. Important

3. Not Important

4. Not Important at all

170 What kind of tasks shall a female police do ? 1. Work in the office and not outside

(Circle all that apply) 2. Body check of the women

3. Patrolling of the streets

96. Others (specify) __________________

171 Would you report crime to police more likely if there would be more female police?

1. Yes

2. No

3. Depends on the Crime

Demographics

172 How old are you? _____________ years

173 Write Sex of the Respondent 1. Male 2. Female

174 What is your highest education level? 1.No Formal Education

2.Elementry (class 1- class 6)

3.Intermediate School (class 7- class 9)

4. High School (class 8- class12)

5. Diploma Holder (12+2 year education)

6.Bachelor Degree


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96.Others (specify): ____________

175 What is your marital status? 1. Single

2. Married

3. Widow/ed

88. Did not responded

176 How many children do you have? ________ children

178 What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do you mainly do? 1. Unemployed

2. Farmer/Farm Worker

3. Daily Wage Worker

4.Skilled Worker

5. Service Provider

6.Governament Employee

7. Technical/Professional

8.Student

96.Others(specify): _____________

179 What is the occupation of your spouse? 1. Unemployed

2. Farmer/Farm Worker

3. Daily Wage Worker

4. Skilled Worker

5. Service Provider

6. Governament Employee

7. Technical/Professional

8.Student

96.Others(specify): _____________

Poverty Index

180 How many household members are 16-years-old or younger? 1.Seven or more

2. Five or Six

3. Four

4. Three


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5. Two

6. One

7. None

181 Can both the male head/spouse and the female head/spouse read and write?

1. No male head/spouse

2. No female head/spouse

3. Yes

182 What type of dwelling best describes where the household lives? 1. Temporary shelter/shack, part of a shared house, separate apartment, shared apartment, tent, or other

2. Single-family house

183 How many rooms (both exclusively yours and shared) does your household occupy (exclude corridors and balconies)?

1. One to four

2. Five or more

184 Which main toilet facility does the household use? 1. None (open field, bush) or sahrahi, dearan (area inside or outside compound but not pit), or other

2. Open pit

3. Traditional covered latrine

4. Improved latrine, or flush latrine

185 In the past 30 days, what has been the household’s main source of cooking fuel?

1. Animal dung, scavenged material/trash, bushes (ping)/twigs, branches, or other

2. Crop residues, firewood, charcoal/coal, kerosene or oil, gas, or electricity

186 How many stoves/gas cylinders does the household own? 1. None

2. One

3. Two or more

187 Does the household own any sewing machines? 1. No

2. Yes

188 Does the household own any motorcycles or cars? 1. No


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2. Motorcycle only

3. Car (regardless of motorcycle)

189 Did anyone in the household own or have access to any irrigated land in the most recent summer cultivation season, excluding a garden plot?

1. No

2. Yes

190! Which!shura!are!you!a!member!of!?! 1. I am not a member of shura !!

2. Member of _________ shura !!

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Annex:!Baseline!Survey!Questionnaire!(PDCs!Members!Questionnaire)!BMZ Country Strategy

Provincial)Development)Committee)(PDC))Survey)Questionnaire)))

Instructions)and)Consent)

Hello,!

My! name! is! ___________________.!We! are! working! with! JS! Consultancy! Services.!We! are! conducting! a! survey! on! behalf! of!

German! Development! Cooperation,! which! supports! Afghan! Partners! in! the! provision! of! the! governmental! services,! in! the! 6!

northeastern!provinces,!as!well!as!on!central!level.!!

The!purpose!of!this!survey!is!to!collect!baseline!data!from!you!(the!PDC!members)!so!that!German!Development!Cooperation!can!

better! support! Afghan! partner! institutions! on! provincial,! district! and! community! level! to! plan! and! implement! development!

projects.!

Your!participation!in!the!survey!very!important!as!your!information!will!enable!German!Development!Cooperation!and!its!Afghan!

partner!institutions!to!deliver!more!efficient!services,!which!will!improve!the!current!conditions!in!the!communities.!

I!would!like!to!ask!you!about!decision- and!implementation9procedures!within!the!provincial!administration!concerning!planning,!

construction!and!operation!&!maintenance!of!basic! infrastructure.! The! interview!usually! takes! about!20!minutes! to! complete.!

Whatever!information!you!provide!will!be!kept!strictly!confidential!and!will!not!be!shown!to!other!persons.!!!

If!you!all!agree!to!participate!in!this!interview!then!I!will!sign!on!your!behalf!showing!your!consent!to!participate!in!this!survey.!!

!The!respondent!agreed!to!participate!in!the!survey!

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The!respondent!agreed!to!participate!in!the!survey!

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Signature:!________________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Date:!_____________!

Interviewer)Information) Response)

Interview!Date!:! !

Interviewer’s!Name!:! !

Supervisor!Name!:!! !

Questionnaire!Result!Code!Assigned!by!

Supervisor!:!!

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Date!Data!Entered:! !

Name!of!Data!Entry!Person!:!! !

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Q # Questions Response Skip

Participation in the Development Projects

101 Which basic Infrastructure projects are implemented in your province in the last few years?

1. School

2. Road

3. Protection Wall

(Explain to the respondent that basic infrastructure projects means construction of road, school, clinics,

electricity supply etc.)

4. Clinic

5. Teacher Training Center

6. Bridges

7. Water Scheme

8. Women Market/Garden

88. Don't Know

96. Others (specify) ____________

102 Who implemented the above-mentioned projects? 1. GoIRA

(Circle all the Apply) 2. People Themselves

(If NGOs is mentioned in then ask the participant if she/he can name a few NGOs; if is unable then leave it blank)

3.NGOs (specify) _________________________

88. Don't Know


103 Who funded the above-mentioned projects?

(If donor is mentioned in then ask the participant if she/he can name a few donors; if is unable then leave it blank)

1. GoIRA

2. People Themselves

3.Donors (specify) _________________________

88. Don't Know


104 Were you consulted during the selection of the basic infrastructure projects? (Ask about any of the project mentioned by the respondent in 101)

1. Yes 2. No

106


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105 How often are you consulted during the selection of the basic infrastructure projects?

1. Never 2. Sometimes 3. Most of the times 4. Always

106 Was provincial administration consulted during the selection of the projects? (Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 101)

1. Yes 2. No 88. Don’t Know

108

108

107 How often is the provincial administration being during the selection of the basic infrastructure projects?


108 Were the project-plans (design) shared with you? (Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 101)

1. Yes 2. No

110

109 How often are the projects plans shared with you? ? (Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 101)


110 Were the project plans (design) shared with provincial administration? (Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 101)


112

112

111 How often are the projects plans shared with provincial administration? ? (Ask about the project mentioned by the respondent in 101)


112 Were you involved in the implementation of the projects?

1. Yes 2. No

114

113 What was your role during the implementation of the projects?

1. Just received updates about the project

2. Occasionally monitored the projects

3. Regularly monitored the projects

96. Others (Specify) ____________

114 Was the provincial administration involved in the implementation of the projects?


116

116

115 What was the role of provincial administration during the implementation of the projects?

1. Just received updates about the project

2. Occasionally monitored the


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projects 3. Regularly monitored the

projects 88. Don’t Know

96. Others (Specify) ____________

116 Who is now responsible for the maintenance of the projects?

1. No One 2. Line Department of Provincial

Administration 88. Don’t Know

96. Others (specify) __________

118 In your opinion, do the provincial administration has a proper plan for basic infrastructure projects of the province?

1. Yes 120

2. No

88. Don’t Know

119 How can the planning about basic infrastructure projects be improved at the provincial administration level?

(Please write all the suggestions of the respondent)

120 The provincial administration has a proper plan for the basic infrastructure projects in the province.

(Read this sentence to the respondent and then ask him whether he strongly agree, agree Strongly disagree or disagree with this statement)

1. Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

121 In your opinion, are there proper procedures in place regarding selection of basic infrastructure projects in the provincial administration?

1. Yes 123

2. No

88. Don’t Know

122 How can the selection of basic infrastructure projects be improved at the provincial administration level?


123 The provincial administration has a very effective process for selection of the basic infrastructure projects


2. Disagree


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to be implemented in the province.


3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

124 In your opinion, are there proper procedures in place regarding construction of basic infrastructure projects in the provincial administration?

1. Yes 126

2. No

88. Don’t Know

125 How can the construction of basic infrastructure projects be improved at the provincial administration level?


!!

126 The provincial administration has very effective procedures for construction of the basic infrastructure projects to be implemented in the province.


1. Strongly Disagree !!

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2. Disagree

3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

127 In your opinion, are there proper procedures in place regarding monitoring of construction of basic infrastructure projects in the provincial administration?

1. Yes 129

2. No

88. Don’t Known

128 How can the monitoring of construction of basic infrastructure projects be improved at the provincial administration level?


129 The provincial administration has very effective procedures for monitoring of construction of the basic infrastructure projects to be implemented in the province.


2. Disagree

3. Agree


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4. Strongly Agree

130 In your opinion, are there proper procedures in place regarding operation of basic infrastructure projects in the provincial administration?

1. Yes 132

2. No

88. Don’t Known

131 How can the operation of basic infrastructure projects be improved at the provincial administration level?


132 The provincial administration has very effective procedures for operation of the basic infrastructure projects to be implemented in the province.



2. Disagree

3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

133 In your opinion, are there proper procedures in place regarding maintenance of basic infrastructure projects in the provincial administration?

1. Yes 135

2. No

88. Don’t Known

134 How can the maintenance of basic infrastructure projects be improved at the provincial administration level?


135 The provincial administration has very effective procedures for maintenance of the basic infrastructure projects to be implemented in the province.



2. Disagree

3. Agree

4. Strongly Agree

Demographics


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136 How old are you? _____________ years

137 Write Sex of the Respondent 1. Male 2. Female

138 What is your highest education level? 1. Diploma Holder (12+2 year education)

2. Bachelor Degree

3.Master Degree or Higher

96.Others (specify): ___________

139 What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do you mainly do?

140 For how long have you been a PDC member?

__________ Months

___________ Years

141 How often do you attend the PDC meetings? 1. Always

2. Most of the times

3. When ever needed

4. Rarely

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Annex:!Data!Collector!Training!Agenda!

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BMZ)Country)Strategy)Baseline)StudyWFGDs)

Training)Agenda!

Responsible Methodology Topic Time Filling the Registration

Form Participants Registration

گا!.%جستر+شن %شتر%$ کنند8:30 -9:10

Speeches Welcome خو% $مد"د

9:10-9:15

Pair Activity Introduction of the participants معرفی )شتر)' کنندگا!

9:15-9:20

Brainstorming Rules and Regulations of the Training قو(ن,ن * (صو& تر#ننگ

9:20-9:25

Interactive Presentation

Objectives of the Training '(د'& تر#ننگ

9:25-9:35

Pre-Test #متحا$ #"!

9:35-9:50

Short Break کوتا!$قف!

9:50-10:00


GIZ programs in Afghanistan and Importance of the Baseline Survey

ب(نام5 ,ا4 #نکشافی #لما. - #,م"* #()"ابی #بت$#"ی

10:00 -10:15

Interactive presentation

1st step of data collection: Building Rapport with the respondents

مرحل9 )85 جمع .345 معلوما/: .شنا,ی با جو)بد&ندگا!

10:15-10:35

Q&A Role Play

2nd step of data collection: Getting the consent of the respondents ( Ethics of research)

مرحل* %84 جمع 2345 معلوما/: 'جا.! نام* جو'& %$ند!

10:35-11:00

Review of the questionnaire

3rd step of data collection: Using the questionnaire to collect data

مرحل+ سو9 جمع $#"! معلوما6: )ستفا23 سو)لنام+ بر)! جمع $#"! معلوما!

11:00-11:30

Q &A 3rd step of data collection: Using the structured questionnaire to collect data

مرحل+ سو9 جمع $#"! معلوما6: )ستفا23 سو)لنام+ بر)! جمع $#"! معلوما' (سو"%/جو"!)

11:30-12:00

Short Break $قف!

12:00-12:15

Group work and Role play

Collecting data from respondents in the field جمع :9%8 معلوما3 .2 .شتر.- کنند( گا' &% ساح!

12:15-1:30


Collecting data respondents in the field جمع :9%8 معلوما3 .2 .شتر.- کنند( گا' &% ساح!

1:30-2:00

Discussion Group Work

Data collection plan for the districts پال6 بر%/ جمع 0)(/ معلوما+ *( )لسو%لی "ا

2:00-2:30

Discussion Supervision of the Data collection Process نظا)! پر(س. جمع *()' معلوما!

2:30-2:45

Post test and Closing (متحا$ #خر

2:45-3:00


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Annex!:!BMZ!Country!Strategy!Governance!Indicators!!

Overall)Good)Governance)

)

The!goal!of!German)development)cooperation)with)Afghanistan!in!the!priority!area!of!rule!of!law,!!

political!participation!and!public!administration!is:!Trust!in!the!legitimacy!and!functioning!of!the!!

organs!of!state!and!in!public!service!delivery!is!improved.!!

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The!achievement!of!goals!is!measured!by!the!following!indicators:!!

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1)!!60!per!cent!of!the!population!in!all!supported!districts!think!that!public!services!have!improved.!!

(Baseline:!12/2014!compared!to!12/2017)!!

2)!!In!12/2017,!60!per!cent!of!users!of!state!judicial!bodies!and!sub9national!administrative!bodies!!

in!the!supported!provinces!think!that!state!organs!give!adequate!consideration!to!the!rights!of!!

the!population.!(Baseline!in!a!focus!group:!12/2014!compared!to!12/2017)!!

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The!goal!in!the!thematic!area!of!the!rule)of)law)is:!!!

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The!constitutional!compliance!of!judicial!and!police!action!and!the!development!of!governance!in!!

accordance!with!the!law!are!improved!in!key!reform!projects.!!

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1)!!In!!a!!survey,!!60!!per!!cent!!of!!members!!of!!national!!civil!!society!!organisations!!think!!that!!greater!!

consideration!!has!!been!!given!!to!!civil!!rights!!(and!!especially!!the!!rights!!of!!women)!!in!!setting!!

standards!and!implementing!legislation.!(Baseline:!12/2014)!!

2)!!Risk!analyses!carried!out!by!anti9corruption!institutions!are!used!by!two!ministries!to!integrate!!

anti9corruption!measures!into!organisational!development.!!

3)!!The!number!of!cases!brought!before!courts!and!Huqooqs!supported!by!Germany’s!development!!

cooperation!has!risen!by!50!per!cent.!!

4)!!The!number!of!women!in!the!legal!profession!has!risen!by!35!per!cent.!

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The!goal!in!the!thematic!area!of!political)participation!is:!!!

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Political!participation!in!the!focus!provinces!is!improved.!!

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1)!!In!12/2017,!60!per!cent!of!the!surveyed!population!and!public!institutions!(including!PDCs,!PCs,!!

CDCs,!DDAs)!in!the!focus!provinces!state!that!their!interests!have!been!taken!into!account!in!!

the!selection,!planning!and!implementation!of!the!development!projects!supported!by!German!!

development!policy!organisations.!(Baseline!from!focus!group:!12/2014)!!

2)!!In!a!survey,!60!per!cent!of!the!population!(60!per!cent!men!and!60!per!cent!women)!in!selected!!

focus!!provinces!!state!!that!!the!!number!!and!!quality!!of!!services!!delivered!!by!!sub9national!!

administrative!institutions!have!improved.!(Baseline!from!focus!group:!12/2014)!

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Annex:!!Data!Collectors!Training!Pictures!!!

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Participants)of)1st)Batch)Training,)Conducted)in)TaloqanWTakhar)

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Participants)Understanding)the)Questions)of)the)Questionnaire))


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Role)Play:)Practicing)Data)Collection)in)the)Class)(Kundoz)Training))

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Participants)of)2nd)Batch)Training,)Conducted)in)Kundoz)City))

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Individual)Activity:)Participants)Filling)the)Questionnaire)

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Participants)of)3rd)Batch)Training,)Conducted)in)MazarWeWSharif)

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Annex:!Pictures!of!Spot!Checking!of!Data!Collection!!!

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Spot!Checking!of!the!Data!Collection!Process!

Data!Collection!Marking!the!Households!with!Specific!Codes!after!Conducting!the!Interviews!


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Annex:!The!FDGs’!Findings!Report!!

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Focus&Group&Discussion&Findings&Report !

BMZ&Country&Strategy,&Governance&Indicators !

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JS#Consultancy#Services#

11/7/2014#

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2# BMZ!Country!Strategy0Governance!Indicators,!Baseline!Study!Report!

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Table of Contents General Background : ............................................................................................................................... 3

Objective of the Baseline Study : ......................................................................................................... 3

Specific Tasks of the Baseline Study: ................................................................................................. 3

Introduction : .............................................................................................................................................. 3

Methodology of Data Collection (FGDs): ................................................................................................. 4

Training of Data Collectors: .................................................................................................................. 4

Field Data Collection: ............................................................................................................................ 4

Selection of the FGDs participants: ..................................................................................................... 4

Quality Assurance Measures Introduced During the Data Collection: ............................................. 5

Transcription of the Data: ..................................................................................................................... 5

Data Analysis of FGDs Data: ................................................................................................................ 5

Data Analysis Findings: ............................................................................................................................ 6

Focus Group Discussion Participants' Information: .......................................................................... 6

Section 1: ................................................................................................................................................ 7

Types of the development projects and identification of the donors/ implementers of the projects : ............................................................................................................................................. 7

Participation of the community members and their representatives in the different phases of the development projects: ................................................................................................................ 8

Suggestions to improve community participation in the development projects: ..................... 12

Section 2: .............................................................................................................................................. 14

Services that are most important or relevant to the communities and their overall perception about the quality of the services : .................................................................................................. 14

Standards Used by the Communities for to assess the Quality services : ................................ 15

Suggestions to improve the Quality of Services Delivered by Sub-national Adminstrative Bodies: .............................................................................................................................................. 17

Perceived Presence of the Corrupt Practices in Delivery of Public Services: ........................... 18

Section 3: .............................................................................................................................................. 19

Modes of Resolution of Civil Disputes and Reasons for Using Informal System for Resolution of Civil Disputes: .............................................................................................................................. 19

Perceived quality of services delivered by the by the Hoqooq Offices: ..................................... 22

Perceived Presence of Corrupt Practices in the Services Delivered by the Formal Judicial System: ............................................................................................................................................. 22

Annex : Focus Group Discussion Questionnaire ................................................................................. 24

Annex : Data Collector Training Agenda ............................................................................................... 27

Annex : BMZ Country Strategy Governance Indicators ....................................................................... 28

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General!Background!:!!The!GIZ!programmes:!Regional!Capacity!Development!Fund!(RCDF),!Open!Policy!Advisory!Fund!(OPAF)!and!Rule!of!Law!(RoL)!support!Afghan!partners!in!the!field!of!political!participation,!public!administration!and!rule!of!law!in!the!six!north0eastern!provinces!and!Kabul!City.!The!framework!for!these!projects!is!provided!by!the!BMZ!country!strategy,!which!states!the!major!objective!for!German!development!cooperation!in!Afghanistan.!The!BMZ!country!strategy!states,!"!German'Afghan,development,cooperation,will,focus,on,five,thematic,priority,areas,,identified,on,the,basis,of,key,Afghan,development,challenges,,Germany’s,development,cooperation,experience,to,date,,and,the,commitment,to,a,division,of,labor,between,the,group,of,donors.,The,priority,areas,are,(1),good,governance,(rule,of,law,,political,participation,and,public,administration);,(2),promotion,of,sustainable,economic,development,and,employment;,(3),energy;,(4),drinking,water,supply,and,wastewater,disposal;,and,(5),education,and,vocational,training".!Each!priority!area!in!the!BMZ!country!strategy!has!its!own!objectives!which!are!measured!by!a!set!specific!key!indicators.!This!baseline!study!is!carried!out!with!regard!to!the!specific!needs!of!the!BMZ!country!strategy!in!the!field!of!governance.!The!baseline!will!deliver!the!required!baseline!data!to!enable!the!programs!comprised!in!the!AFG0Governance0Portfolio!to!evaluate!GIZ’s!work!within!the!focal!area!governance!up!to!2017.!The!!baseline!study!will!data!both!on!the!overall!good!governance!indicators!as!well!as!on!the!indicators!of!the!three!thematic!pillars!namely!“political!participation”,!“public!administration”!and!“rule!of!law”.!!

Objective!of!the!Baseline!Study!:!!Objective!of!this!assignment!is!to!provide!an!adequate!baseline!for!selected!indicators!of!the!BMZ!country!strategy!in!the!field!of!governance.!The!selected!indicators!of!the!BMZ!country!strategy!attached!as!an!annex!to!the!report.!!

!Specific!Tasks!of!the!Baseline!Study:!The!baseline!study!will!be!conducted!in!three!steps:!(i)!Literature!Review,!(ii)!Focus!Group!Discussions,!(iii)!Quantitative!Baseline.!!

Introduction!:!This!report!presents!the!findings!of!the!Literature!Review!and!Focus!Group!Discussions!(FGDs)!carried!out!as!part!of!the!baseline!study.!

As!first!step,!a!review!of!existing!program!related!documents!and!other!governance0related!surveys/!studies!was!conducted.!The!focus!of!the!literature!review!was!sub0national!governance;!literature!specifically!on!public!service!delivery,!on!rule!of!law!and!on!the!practice,!inclusion!of!good!governance!criteria!in!the!context!of!state!actions!on!sub0national!level,!was!reviewed.!Based!on!the!findings!of!the!document!and!literature!review!data!collection!tools!were!developed!for!the!FGDs.!!

The,data,collection,tool,for,FGDs,consists,of,a,consent,form,,a,moderator,guide,,open,ended,indicator,related,questions.!The!FGDs!questionnaires!after!being!reviewed!the!program!team!were!finalized.!The!questionnaire!was!then!translated!the!into!local!language!(Dari/Persian).!The!questionnaire!was!pre0tested!among!two!FGDs!in!Kabul.!After!pre0testing,!the!questionnaire!was!modified!based!on!the!results!

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of!pre0testing.!The!final!version!of!the!questionnaire!was!shared!with!the!program!team!and!FGDs!were!conducted!in!the!target!districts!based!using!the!final!version!of!the!questionnaire.!The!final!version!of!FGD!questionnaire!is!attached!as!annex!to!the!report.!!!

3!FGDs!were!conducted!in!each!of!the!six!north0eastern!provinces!where!GIZ!is!implementing!projects.!A!total!of!18!FGDs!were!conducted!in!the!6!target!provinces.!The!fieldwork!was!carried!out!in!July!and!August!2014.!The!FGDs!were!conducted!in!the!following!provinces!and!assigned!districts:!!

• Baghlan!(Puli!Khumri,!Dahana0e0Ghori!,!Doshi!districts)!!• Badakhshan!(Fayzabad,!Yaftal0e!Payan,!Shuhada!districts)!!• Balkh!(Mazar0e!Sharif,!Zari,!Kaldar!districts)!!• Samangan!(Aybak,!Royee!Dowab,!Dara!Soof!Payeen!districts)!!• Kunduz!(Kunduz!City,!Qal0I!Zal,!Imam!Sahib!districts)!!• Takhar!(Taloqan,!Bangi!und!Farkhar!districts)!!

The!districts!within!the!provinces!were!selected!using!a!specific!selection!criteria!developed!by!the!GIZ!team!and!the!criteria!for!district!selection!is!attached!as!annex!to!the!report.!!!

Methodology!of!Data!Collection!(FGDs):!!

Training!of!Data!Collectors:!!Data!collector!who!had!experience!in!qualitative!data!collection!and!had!worked!in!our!previous!projects!were!selected!and!trained!using!the!FGDs!questionnaire.!The!data!collectors!were!trained!in!the!different!aspects!of!the!conduction!of!FGDs,!questions!asking!skills,!FGD!facilitation!skills!and!note!taking!skills.!A!total!of!33!data!collectors!and!6!data!collection!supervisors!were!trained!in!the!in!two!phases!of!the!training.!Training!agenda!of!the!data!collection!training!is!attached!as!a!annex!to!the!report.!!

The!training!was!conducted!in!two!phases.!In!phase!one,!data!collectors!and!data!collection!supervisors!from!Balkh,!Samangan!and!Baghlan!provinces!were!trained!in!the!Mazzar0e0Sharif.!In!phase!two,!data!collectors!and!data!collection!supervisors!from!Takhar,!Kundoz!and!Badakhshan!were!trained!in!Takhar!province.!Both!male!and!female!data!collectors!were!trained.!!

Field!Data!Collection:!Then,!the!trained!male!data!collectors!collected!data!from!male!community!members!while!the!female!data!collectors!collected!data!from!female!community!members.!During!the!FGDs!the!data!was!collected!by!a!team!of!!two!data!collectors:!one!data!collector!functioned!as!FGDs!facilitator!while!the!other!worked!as!the!note,taker.!Some!of!the!FGDs!were!audio'taped!depending!on!the!consent!of!the!FGDs!members.!Also!pictures,of,the,FGDs,were,taken,showing,the,participants,of,the,FGDs,provided,that,consent,was,given,by,the,FGDs,members.,

Selection!of!the!FGDs!participants:!!Two!days!before!the!conduction!of!the!FGDs!community!members!and!their!representatives!were!informed!about!the!FGDs:!the!objectives!of!the!FGDs;!the!place!where!FGDs!will!be!conducted;!and!the!

!


!

time!of!the!FGDs.!The!announcements!were!carried!out!using!a!number!of!channels!such!as!announcement!in!the!mosques!of!the!nearby!villages!of!the!districts,!send!the!announcements!to!the!schools,!and!communicating!the!issues!with!the!community!representatives.!Participation!in!the!FGD!was!open!to!everyone!however!in!order!to!ensure!the!quality!of!the!data!the!maximum!recommended!number!of!participants!in!an!FGD!were!12!and!minimum!was!8.!!

Quality!Assurance!Measures!Introduced!During!the!Data!Collection:!The!following!quality!assurance!measures!were!introduced!to!ensure!quality!of!data!being!collected!by!the!team!of!data!collectors!in!the!field:!

• Experienced!data!collectors!were!used!to!collected!data!from!the!FGD!participants.!!• All!the!data!collectors!were!trained!by!the!principle!investigator!and!during!the!training!

sufficient!practice!time!was!provided!to!the!data!collectors!to!ensure!that!data!collectors!acquires!the!need!data!collection!skills.!

• The!contract!signed!with!each!data!collector!team!had!a!specific!clause!stating!that!an!extra!amount!of!monitory!incentives!will!be!paid!to!the!team!based!on!the!quality!of!the!data!being!collected!from!the!FGD!members.!

• !Names!and!mobile!numbers!(where!possible)!of!the!FGDs!member!were!also!recorded!and!then!after!the!FGD!they!were!conducted!by!the!research!team!to!ensure!the!a!specific!person!has!participated!in!the!FGD.!!

• FGDs!were!audio!taped!(when!consent!was!provided)!to!ensure!better!quality!of!data!is!collected.!!

• The!data!collection!supervisors!travelled!to!the!places!where!FGDs!were!conducted!to!assess!and!supervise!the!process!of!the!data!collection!in!the!field.!!

• Pictures!of!FGD!members!were!taken!and!GPS0coordinates!of!the!place!where!the!FGDs!were!conducted,!were!also!recorded.!!

Transcription!of!the!Data:!The!all!the!data!collected!from!the!field!was!transcribed!and!analysis!was!done!using!the!transcribed!data.!Both!the!notes!taken!and!the!audio!tape!data!was!transcribed!and!the!transcribed!data!and!tapped!data!was!provided!to!the!lead!researcher!for!analysis.!!

Data!Analysis!of!FGDs!Data:!!All!the!transcribed!data!was!analyzed!by!the!lead!researcher!and!an!qualitative!data!analysis!consultant!manually.!The!data!analysis!of!the!by!the!lead!researcher!and!the!qualitative!data!analysis!consultant!were!done!separately!and!the!every!two!days!the!lead!researcher!and!qualitative!data!analysis!consultant!met!with!each!other!to!share!data!analysis!notes!and!themes!and!sub0themes!extracted!from!the!transcribed!data.!!

Then!MS0Excel!was!used!to!the!measure!the!trends,!frequencies!and!intensities!of!the!identified!themes!and!sub0themes.!!!!

!


!

Data!Analysis!Findings:!

Focus!Group!Discussion!Participants'!Information:!A!total!of!209!community!members!and!their!representatives!participated!in!the!18!FGDs!conducted!in!the!18!different!districts!of!the!6!provinces.!On!average!12!individuals!participated!in!an!FGD;!the!minimum!number!of!participants!were!8!participants!while!the!maximum!number!of!participants!were!recorded!as!14.!

50%!of!the!FGDs!(n=9)!were!conducted!among!female!community!members!and!their!representatives!while!50%!(n=9)!of!the!FGDs!were!conducted!among!male!community!members!and!their!representatives.!However,!more!females!participated!in!the!FGDs!as!compared!to!the!males.!The!data!shows!that!52%!of!the!FGDs!members!were!females!while!48%!of!the!males.!The!data!finding!is!shown!in!the!chart!below.!

!

!

As!majority!of!the!participants!were!females!therefore!a!large!proportion!(30%)!of!the!participants!have!reported!their!occupation!as!"House0Wife",!14%!of!the!FGDs!members!report!their!occupation!as!"Farmer"!and!12%!reported!their!occupation!as!"being!a!member!of!the!village,!CDC!or!DDA!councils".!10%!of!the!FGDs!members!identified!themselves!as!"Students"!while!9%!!of!the!participants!reported!their!occupation!as!"teachers".!The!findings!are!shown!in!the!pie!chart!below,!as!shown!in!the!pie!chart!25%!of!participants!belonged!to!the!category!"Others"!as!they!reported!their!occupation!as!health!workers,!tailors,!drivers,!skilled!worker,!daily!wages!workers!or!elders!of!the!village.!!

Female#

52%#

Male#

48%#

DistribuBon#of#FGDs#parBcipants#by#Gender#

!


!

!

!

Section!1:!!The!data!presented!in!this!section!is!about!the!development!projects!that!are!being!implemented!in!the!18!districts.!We!collected!data!about:!(1)!Types!of!the!development!projects!implemented!and!identification!of!the!donors/!implementers!of!the!projects;!(2)!Participation!of!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!in!the!different!phases!of!development!projects;!and!(3)!Suggestions!to!improve!community!participation!in!the!development!projects.!!

Types!of!the!development!projects!and!identification!of!the!donors/!implementers!of!the!projects!:!The!FGDs!data!shows!that!development!projects!were!either!implemented!or!were!in!the!process!of!implementation!in!the!target!districts.!Construction!of!school!building,!roads,!streets,!protection!walls!(P.Wall),!wells!and!health!facilities!were!reported!as!the!major!development!projects!being!implemented!in!the!districts.!In!addition,!construction!of!bridges,!mosques,!water!canals,!water!supply!schemes,!!women!training!centers!and!women!garden!(women!center),!provision!of!the!electricity!and!implementation!of!livelihood!projects!were!reported!by!the!FGDs'!participants!as!development!projects!being!implemented!in!the!districts.!The!findings!of!the!data!is!shown!in!the!graph!below.!!

!

House#Wife#

30%#

Teacher#

9%#

Farmer#

14%#Council#Members#(Village,CDC,DDA)#

12%#

Student#

10%#

Others#

25%#

DistribuBon#of#the#FGDs#parBcipants#by#OccupaBon#

1.7%!3.7%!

4.4%!4.4%!4.7%!

5.7%!6.7%!

9.4%!9.7%!

13.4%!17.5%!

18.8%!

Women!Center!

Water!Schemes!

Moseque!

Livelihood!

Wells!

Roads/Streets!

Types#of#Development#Project#Implemented#in#the#18#Districts#

!


!

The!above!mentioned!projects!were!either!implemented!by!the!GIZ!!and!its!implementing!partners,!or!other!development!actors!in!these!districts.!When!the!participants!were!asked!to!the!name!the!funding!or!implementing!agency!of!the!development!projects!then!the!data!shows!that!in!majority!of!the!cases!the!FGDs!members!were!able!to!name!a!funding/implementing!agency,!however,!in!small!number!of!cases!(n=25)!the!FGDs'!participants!were!not!able!to!name!funding/implementing!agency.!!

National!Solidarity!Program!(NSP)!was!the!most!frequently!reported!agency!that!has!implemented!projects!in!the!target!districts.!NSP!was!followed!by!the!GIZ!and!Agha!Khan!(AK)!as!the!second!and!third!frequently!reported!agency!that!has!funded/implemented!projects!in!these!districts.!The!names!of!the!of!the!agencies!and!their!frequency!of!the!being!reported!by!the!FGDs'!members!is!shown!in!the!figure!below.!!

!

Note:,The,different,agencies,working,under,the,name,of,Agha,Khan,such,Agha,Khan,Foundation,(AKF),,Agha,Khan,Development,Network,(AKDN),,Afgha,Khan,Health,Services,(AKHS),,are,identified,as,"Agha,Khan",by,the,communities,therefore,we,also,used,"AK",which,might,mean,any,one,of,above,agencies.,Also,in,the,graph,"people",means,that,the,projects,that,are,funded,by,donor,and,then,implemented,by,the,community,members,themselves.,,

Participation!of!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!in!the!different!phases!of!the!development!projects:!!Data!regarding!the!community!participation!in!different!phases!of!a!development!project!i.e.!need!assessment!phase,!project!design!phase,!implementation!and!monitoring!phase!and!role!of!community!after!the!completion!of!project!(maintenance!phase)!was!collected.!!

Data!shows!that!the!agencies!that!have!funded!or!implemented!development!projects!in!the!target!districts!have!introduced!a!number!of!mechanism!to!ensure!community!participation!in!the!different!phases!of!a!development!project.!The!data!shows!that!a!large!proportion!of!the!community!members!both!males!and!females!(Both)!have!participated!in!the!need!assessment!phase!of!the!projects.!The!data!shows!that!about!70%!of!the!FGDs!members!have!reported!that!they!have,!either!directly!or!indirectly,!participated!in!the!need!assessment!phase!of!the!development!projects.!Indirect!participation!means!

6!6!

8!8!

11!12!

25!33!

51!59!

0! 10! 20! 30! 40! 50! 60! 70!

Mission!East!People!

IRD!Afghan0Aid!

Brac!Unicef!

Don't!Know!AK!GIZ!NSP!

Name#of#the#Funding/ImplemenBng#Agencies#

!


!

that!community!member!participated!in!a!phase!of!the!project!through!their!representatives!or!their!councils!or!their!male!family!members.!!

However,!the!data!shows!that!participation!!of!women!in!the!need!assessment!phase!of!development!project!was!low!as!compared!males.!As!one!of!the!FGD's!participant,!of!Taloqan!City!of!Takhar!province,!have!reported!that!"women,did,not,have,active,participation,[in,the,need,assessment,process,of,the,project]".,Another!FGD's!participant!have!reported,!"women,were,not,actively,involved,[in,the,need,assessment,process],because,they,[the,development,project,funding/implementing,agencies],didn't,asked,their,[women's],opinion,about,it,[the,projects]".,Yet,!another!FGD's!participant,!from!Pul0e0Khumri!district!of!Baghlan,!have!reported,!"the,women,part,of,the,CDCs,is,very,weak,and,are,just,present,in,the,papers,[...],,they,are,not,involved,in,anything,[...]".!!

The!data!shows!that!women!are!mostly!involved!indirectly!in!the!need!assessment!processes!as!their!opinions!or!views!are!obtained!through!their!male!family!members!(husband,!father,!brother!or!other!male!family!members)!and!only!in!very!small!proportion!of!cases!where!the!need!assessment!was!conducted!through!a!need!assessment!survey;!women!directly!participated!in!the!need!assessment!phase.!A!FGD's!participant,!from!Mazar0e0Sharif!of!Balkh!province,!have!reported,!"[...],first,of,all,the,females,discussed,the,problems,within,the,family,and,then,their,men,communicated,their,problems,with,the,elders".,Another!participant,!from!Faizabad!of!Badakhshan,!have!reported,!"![implementing,agency],,,shared,the,information,[about,the,project],in,the,moseques,with,our,brothers,and,fathers,and,then,[....],,through,the,male,members,[family,members],communicated,our,opinions,with,them".,,,

The!data!shows!that!the!different!development!agencies!have!used!a!wide!variety!of!methods!to!assess!the!needs!of!the!communities!for!a!development!projects.!However,!the!data!shows!that!with!the!passage!of!time!(over!the!last!few!years)!implementing!agencies!are!less!interested!in!assessing!the!needs!of!the!communities!as!reported!by!a!FGD's!participant,!from!Bangi!district!of!Takhar!province,!"in,old,times,[,a,few,years,ago],agencies,would,come,and,ask,people,about,their,needs[....],,now,they,give,money,[bribes],to,people,in,the,district,[district,government,and,other,representatives],[.....],,they,don't,ask,the,village,people,and,if,they,ask,we,will,communicate,our,needs,to,them,[project,implementing,agencies]".,Another!FGD's!participant!have!also!reported!a!similar!finding,!"!in,the,beginning,[early,years],it,was,good,,project,related,information,was,shared,with,the,people,[...],,people,were,asked,what,should,be,constructed,[what,type,of,project,should,be,implemented],,however,now,the,norm,is,that,an,agency,comes[visits],to,the,district,and,there,[in,the,district,government,office],some,elders,tell,them,their,own,problems,and,not,the,priorities,of,the,people,[...]".,!

Most!the!development!agencies!uses!the!method!"meeting!with!representative!of!community!"!to!conduct!a!need!assessment!about!a!development!project!as!36%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!"meeting!with!representatives"!as!method!used!for!community!need!assessment.!Participants!have!reported!that!the!implementing!agencies!meet!with!community!representatives!assess!the!needs!of!the!communities!and!then!the!communities!representatives!inform!the!communities!about!the!projects,!as!one!of!the!FGD's!participant!from!Dara0e0Soof!Payeen!district!stated,!"the,agency,came,and,discussed,[....],,we,,the,elders[representatives],,have,identified,the,needed,projects,in,the,areas,of,[...].,Then,,the,elders,of,each,village,discussed,the,issues,with,the,communities.",!Another!FGD's!participant!

!


!

from!the!Bangi!district!of!Takhar!provice!has!reported!similar!data,!"!yes,,people,were,consulted,,a,person,from,the,agency,comes,and,asks,the,elders[representatives],and,then,the,agency,is,told,what,to,do[which,project,to,implement],and,what,not,to,do.",!

!

!

The!FGDs!data!also!shows!that!village!councils,!community!development!councils!(CDCs),!district!development!authority!(DDA)!and!provincial!council!(PCs)!are!consulted!to!assess!the!development!needs!of!the!communities.!About!24%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!consultation!with!the!"councils"!as!method!used!by!the!agencies!to!assess!the!needs!of!the!communities.!A!FGD's!participant!who!is!also!member!of!the!CDC!from!Doshi!district!of!Baghlan!reported,!"!project,staff,of,the,mentioned,projects,,contacted,us,and,that,is,why,we,know,which,agency,is,implementing,the,project".,Another!participant!of!Qala0e0Zal!district!reported,!"people,from,the,district,[district,government,and,the,project,implementation,agency],came,[to,our,village],and,with,the,support,from,the,council,,consultation,was,done,about,what,is,needed,[which,project]".,The!data!shows!that!in!a!small!number!of!cases!councils!were!established!by!the!agencies!to!assess!the!needs!of!the!communities,!as!one!of!the!FGD's!participant!reported,!"councils,were,created,and,needs,of,the,people,were,defined,[by,the,newly,established,councils]".,The!FGDs'!participants!have!also!reported!that!some!agencies!meet!the!community!members!including!their!representatives!and!councils,!discuss!and!identify!the!needs!of!the!communities.!As!shown!in!the!above!chart!about!20%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!that!"meeting!with!people"!in!large!groups!as!a!method!to!assess!the!needs!of!the!communities!regarding!the!development!projects.!Conduction!of!need!assessment!survey!(survey)!was!identified!by!a!small!proportion!of!the!FGDs'!participants!as!a!method!to!assess!the!needs!of!the!communities.!As!a!participant,!from!Faizabad!district!of!Badakhshan!province,!have!reported,!"through,a,survey,information,was,collected,about,women[needs],from,the,locality,,from,the,councils,and,representatives,of,the,locality".,Another!FGD's!participant!have!reported,!"through,a,survey,among,the,poor/needy,families,in,our,village,[needs,of,the,poor,families,were,assessed]".,The!data!also!shows!that!in!a!very!

Meemng!with!Representamves!

36%!

Through!Councils!24%!

Meemng!with!People!20%!

Survey!12%!

Indvidual!Recommendamon!8%!

Methods#Used#to#Assess#the#Needs#of#Community#

!


!

small!proportion!of!the!instances!recommendation!from!a!representative!of!the!village!or!recommendation!of!the!technical!person!or!influential!person!was!used!as!a!method!of!the!need!assessment!a!development!project.!As!a!participant,!from!the!Faizabad!district!of!Badakhshan,!have!reported,!"[the,building,for,the,school,was,constructed],based,on,the,,recommendation,of,the,school,administrator,and,the,education,director.",!

However,!the!participation!of!the!community!members!reduces!greatly!in!the!subsequent!phases!of!the!of!a!development!project!i.e.!in!the!design,!implementation,!monitoring!!and!role!of!the!community!after!the!completion!of!the!project.!The!chart!below!shows!the!trend!of!participation!of!community!members!in!different!stages!of!the!project.!!

!

The!data!shows!that!only!22%!of!the!FGDs!members!were!involved!in!development!of!a!project!plan!or!the!project!plan!was!shared!with!them!before!the!implementation!of!the!project.!Mostly!the!project!plan!was!prepared!by!the!implementing!agency!or!a!technical!person!and!it!was!shared!with!a!small!number!of!community!members.!This!finding!was!reported!by!an!FGD's!participant,!from!Doshi!district!of!Baghlan!province,!"the,project,plan,was,developed,by,the,relevant,agency,and,through,the,councils,it,was,shared,with,us[...]".!Another!participant!from!Qala0e0Zal!district!have!reported!similar!findings!that,!"[the,project,plan],was,shared,with,a,small,number,of,people,and,we,were,not,aware,of,the,project,plan".,,The!same!finding!was!reported!by!a!FGD's!participant!in!Bangi!district!of!Takhar!province!that!,!"some,of,them,[development,project,implementing,agencies],have,shared,[the,project,plan],with,the,people,however,we,don't,know,about,the,others,[the,project,plans,prepared,by,the,implementing,agencies].,People,just,participated,in,the,projects,as,daily,wage,workers".,Another!FGD's!participant!from!Bangi!district!have!reported,!"no,we,were,not,aware,of,the,project,plan,,one,day,we,noticed,they,are,working,on,the,road,and,at,another,instance,we,came,to,know,that,work,,has,come,to,an,end,yet,we,don't,know,how,was,the,road,constructed".,

The!data!shows!that!community!members!were!only!involved!in!the!implementation!phase!of!the!projects!by!providing!workers!as!daily0wage0labors!to!the!project!and!no!formal!role!was!given!the!community!members!in!the!implementation!phase!of!the!projects.!As!an!FGD's!participant!in!Kaldar!district!of!Balkh!have!reported,!"during,the,construction,of,the,road,,school,and,bridges,,local,people,were,used,as,laborers,[...],and,they,worked,in,it,[the,project],on,daily,wages".,The!data!shows!that!participation!of!the!communities!were!higher!in!the!implementation!phase!if!development!project!

0%!

20%!

40%!

60%!

80%!

Need#Assessment# Project#Design## ImplementaBon# Monitoring# AXer#Project#CompletaBon#

Community#ParBcipaBon#in#Different#Phases#of#the#

Development#Projects#

Both!

Female!Only!

!


!

belong!to!the!NSP!as!10%!of!the!project!budget!was!contributed!by!the!community!members.!However,!if!the!development!project!contracted!out!to!a!private!contractor!then!the!participation!of!the!community!in!the!implementation!phase!of!project!was!minimum,!this!finding!is!reported!by!an!FGD's!participant!of!Dahan0e0Ghori!district!of!Baghlan,!"projects,implemented,by,NSP,,we,are,aware,of,them,and,we,were,involved,in,them,,and,those,[projects],that,are,implemented,by,contractor,,we,noticed,progress,of,the,work,however,we,were,not,involved,in,them".,,

The!data!shows!that!the!participation!of!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!in!the!monitoring!and!maintenance!phase!of!the!project!is!negligible.!The!development!projects!that!were!implemented!in!the!target!districts,!community!members!and!their!representatives!were!not!assigned!a!specific!role!to!monitor!the!progress!of!the!project,!however,!some!FGD!members!reported!that!they!were!involved!in!the!activities!to!monitor!the!progress!of!the!projects.!An!FGD's!participant,!from!Zareh!district!of!Balkh,!have!reported,!"on,weekly,basis,we,monitored,the,progress,of,the,work,,,that,the,work,[project,progress],is,good,[.....],,the,gaps,in,were,communicated,with,the,responsible,persons,[project,implementation,team]".,The!data!shows!that!all!of!the!development!projects!were!not!formally!handed!over!to!the!communities!and!that!communities!were!not!involved!in!the!maintenance!of!project.!Only!in!one!instance!the!community!members!have!established!a!maintenance!fund!for!a!small!hydro0electric!power!plant!as!FGD's!participants!have!reported,!"!the,project,in,a,good,shape,[...],and,for,the,maintenance,a,fund,has,been,created,,money,from,people,is,collected,so,the,hydro'electric,dam,is,repaired,[...],".,,

Suggestions!to!improve!community!participation!in!the!development!projects:!!The!FGDs'!participants!were!asked!to!suggest!some!of!the!possible!ways!to!improve!community!participation!in!the!different!phases!of!the!development!projects.!The!findings!are!shown!in!graph!below.!!

The!data!shows!that!majority!(44%)!of!the!participants!have!reported!that!community!mobilization/sensitization!activities!should!be!carried!out!by!the!funding/implementing!agencies!to!improve!the!participation!of!the!communities!in!the!development!projects.!A!number!of!the!mobilization/sensitization!activities!were!mentioned!by!the!FGDs!members!such!as!communicating!the!benefits!of!the!projects!with!the!people,!conduction!of!the!proper!need!assessment!among!the!communities,!involvement!of!the!councils!in!the!different!phases!of!the!project,!greater!involvement!of!the!female!members!of!the!community!and!sharing!the!project!plan!and!other!information!with!the!communities.!!

!


!

!

The!data!also!shows!that!use!of!improved!quality!materials!in!the!development!projects!will!result!in!greater!participation!of!the!community!members!and!if!poor!quality!materials!are!used!in!the!development!projects!then!people!are!less!likely!to!participate!in!the!project!(as!people!like!to!be!related!to!the!projects!which!are!durable,!have!better!quality!and!in!projects!in!which!improved!quality!materials!are!used).!!

As!shown!in!the!graph!above!about!13%!of!the!FGDs'!members!were!of!the!opinion!that!presence!of!a!proper!monitoring!system!also!helps!in!improving!participation!of!the!development!projects,!as!whenever!the!project!is!visited!by!project's!monitoring!team!then!the!the!community!members!are!also!encouraged!to!the!keep!an!eye!on!the!project.!A!small!number!of!the!FGDs!participants!have!suggested!about!establishment!of!a!joint!monitoring!system!in!which!the!community!members!and!the!project!monitors!jointly!assess!the!progress!of!the!projects.!!

The!data!also!shows!that!if!the!projects!are!based!on!the!needs!of!the!communities!and!if!the!local!man0power!is!used!as!laborers!then!these!measures!also!help!in!improving!the!participation!of!the!communities!in!the!development!projects.!!

A!small!percentage!of!the!FGD's!participants!have!reported!that!if!the!projects!are!based!on!the!principles!of!neutrality!and!impartiality!then!chances!of!the!community!members!participating!projects!are!higher.!As!shown!in!the!graph!above!a!very!small!proportion!of!the!FGD's!participants!have!reported!that!if!the!project!team!listens!to!the!suggestions!of!the!people!and!if!the!local!man0power!used!in!the!projects!is!paid!on!time!then!these!two!factors!also!results!in!improving!participation!of!the!community!in!the!development!projects.!!

!

1.5%# 1.6%#5.9%# 7.3%#

10.3%#13.2%#

16.2%#

44.1%#

0.0%!5.0%!10.0%!15.0%!20.0%!25.0%!30.0%!35.0%!40.0%!45.0%!50.0%!

Timely#Payment##

Listen# Neutrality/#ImparBality#

Local#Man\Power#

Need#Based#Projects#

Strengthen#Monitoring#

Used#Be_r#Quality#Material#

Mobilize#People##

SuggesBons:#Improve#Community#ParBcipaBon#in#

Development#Projects#

!


!

Section!2:!In!this!section!data!regarding!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!is!presented.!We!collected!data!regarding:!(1)!Services!that!are!most!important!or!relevant!to!the!communities!and!their!overall!perception!about!the!quality!of!the!services;!(2)!Standards!used!by!the!communities!for!quality!services;!(3)!Suggestions!to!improve!the!quality!of!the!services;!and!(4)!Perceived!presence!of!the!corrupt!practices!in!delivery!of!the!services.!!

!Services!that!are!most!important!or!relevant!to!the!communities!and!their!overall!perception!about!the!quality!of!the!services!:!The!data!shows!that!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!of!health,!education!and!agriculture!are!categorized!as!the!most!the!important!services!by!a!large!proportion!of!the!FGD's!participants.!Services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!to!issue!different!document!(Documents)!such!ID!cards,!passports!and!documents!needed!for!vehicles,!are!rated!as!the!most!important!services!by!about!10%!of!the!FGDs'!participants.!In!addition,!delivered!by!the!rural!development,!electricity!and!judicial!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!are!also!categorized!as!most!important!services!by!a!small!percentage!of!the!FGDs'!participants.!!The!findings!of!the!data!is!presented!in!the!graph!below.!!

! #

The! data! shows! that!majority! of! the! FGDs'! participants! (74%)! ! have! rated! the! quality! of! the! services!delivered!by!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!as!"poor!quality!services"!while!only!26%!of!participants!have! rated! the! services!delivered!by! the! sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!as! "good!quality! services".!!The!data!finding!are!shown!in!the!chart!below.!!!

!

29.2%#

25.3%#

20.8%#

10.4%#7.8%#

3.9%#2.7%#

0.0%!

5.0%!

10.0%!

15.0%!

20.0%!

25.0%!

30.0%!

35.0%!

Health# EducaBon# Agriculture# Documents# Rural#Development##

Electricity# Legal#

Services#delivered#by#the#sub\naBonal#administraBve#bodies#

rated#as#most#important#or#relevant##

!


!

!

Standards!Used!by!the!Communities!for!to!assess!the!Quality!services!:!The!data!shows!that!availability!of!services,!level!of!community!participation,!effectiveness!of!the!services,!efficiency!of!the!services,!technical!competence!of!the!staff!delivering!the!services,!timeliness!of!the!services,!presence!of!corruption,!durability!of!services!and!quality!of!products!delivered!to!clients!were!some!of!the!standards!that!were!reported!by!the!FGDs'!participants!as!standards!used!to!assess!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!administrative!bodies.!In!subsequent!sections!data!regarding!the!different!standards!used!by!the!communities!about!the!services!delivered!by!sub0national!administrative!bodies!is!presented.!

Availability)of)Services:))The!data!shows!that!the!ease!of!availability!of!the!services!delivered!by!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!is!associated!with!positive!perception!about!the!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!these!sub0national!bodies!and!vice!versa.!For!instance,!a!FGDs'!participant,!from!Dara0e0Sof!district!of!Samangan,!has!reported,!"the,quality,of,the,education,services,is,very,good,as,we,have,schools,in,almost,every,other,village,[...],,while,the,quality,of,the,agriculture,directorate,is,not,good,as,there,are,just,two'three,people,working,to,solve,the,problem,of,the,such,a,big,district."!Another!FGDs'!participant,!from!Bangi!district!of!Takhar!province,!has!reported!similar!finding,!"we,mentioned,about,the,agriculture,services,of,Bangi,district,as,poor,quality,services,[.......],,they,don't,have,a,store,room,,they,have,pesticides,,they,do,have,materials,[seeds,,fertilizers,,pesticides],to,distribute,it,among,the,farmers".,,,

Technical)Competence)of)the)Staff)Delivering)the)Services:))The!data!also!shows!that!technical!competence!of!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies'!staff!is!reported!to!be!associated!with!positive!perception!about!the!quality!of!the!services!and!vice!versa.!A!participant!from!Qala0e0Zal!district!of!Kunduz!province!has!reported,!",schools,are,beautifully,built,however,they,don't,have,experienced,teachers".,Another!participant,!from!Doab!district!of!the!Samangan,!has!reported,!"we,don't,have,professional,people,in,education,sector,especially,teachers,in,the,field,of,Mathematics,,Modern,Sciences,[..],,that,is,why,the,quality,is,not,good".,Also!a!participant!from!Dara0e0Soof!district!has!reported!that!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!agriculture!directorate!are!poor!as!"the,personnel,of,the,agriculture,directorate,has,less,knowledge,and,experience,as,compared,to,the,,farmer,who,has,worked,for,more,the,30years,in,the,fields,[...],therefore,the,services,are,not,good".,,

Good#Quality##

26%#

Poor#Quality#

74%#

Percieved#Quality#of#Services#delivered#by#Sub\naBonal#

AdminstraBve#Bodies#

!


!

Level)of)Community)Participation:))The!data!shows!that!FGDs'!participants!have!categorized!the!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!rural!rehabilitation!and!development!directorates!as!"good!quality!services"!especially!the!services!delivered!through!the!NSP,!because!of!the!higher!participation!of!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!in!delivery!of!these!services.!A!participant!from!Dahan0e0Ghori!district!of!Baghlan,!has!reported,!"the,best,services,are,provided,by,the,rural,rehabilitation,directorate,[...],in,these,projects,we,were,involved,and,we,knew,about,the,projects.",Another!participant!from!Zareh!district!of!Balkh,!has!reported,!"the,school,is,good,,it,was,properly,built,and,people,actively,participated,in,its,construction,[...],and,the,construction,was,monitored,by,the,CDC.",!

Effectiveness)and)Efficiency)of)the)Services:)))Effectiveness!of!the!services,!is!also!reported!to!be!associated!with!the!perceived!quality!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!As!a!participant!from!Imam0Sahib!district!has!reported,!"services,that,solve,the,problems,of,the,people,are,good,services,[.....],,health,services,are,good,as,morbidity,and,mortality,has,decreased".,Another!participant!from!the!Yaftal0e0Payeen!district!have!reported,!"the,protection,walls,are,good,,as,they,are,effective,in,preventing,our,agriculture,land,from,being,wasted,[destroyed,by,rising,waters]".,Yet,!another!participant!from!Imam!Sahib!has!reported,!"road,construction,services,are,of,good,quality,as,people,can,reach,their,goals,[destinations],quickly".,The!data!also!shows!that!lack!of!efficient!services!results!in!the!negative!perception!about!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!as!a!number!of!the!participants!have!reported,!"our,documents,are,not,processed,quickly",therefore!the!quality!of!services!delivered!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!are!of!poor!quality.!!

Timeliness)of)the)Services:))The!data!shows!that!timeliness!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!is!associated!with!positive!perception!about!the!quality!of!services.!A!participant,!from!Farkhar!district!of!Takhar,!has!reported,!"the,improved,seeds,are,distributed,late,[among,farmers],,therefore,the,quality,of,agriculture,services,is,poor".,A!similar!finding!is!reported!by!the!a!participant!from!Yaftal0e0Payeen,!"Only,the,services,used,to,provide,salary,to,teachers,are,of,good,quality,,because,the,salaries,are,provided,on,time".,Another!participant,!from!the!Mazar0e0Sharif,!have!reported,!"the,ID,card,services,are,not,good,,they,do,fake,promises,and,delay,the,processes".,,

Durability)of)Services:))The!data!also!shows!that!provision!of!durable!services!is!associated!with!positive!perception!about!the!quality!of!the!services.!As!one!of!the!participant,!from!Zareh!district!of!Balkh,!has!reported,!"the,road,that,was,built,[..],,the,water,drainage,system,was,not,properly,built,therefore,it,[road],was,damaged,and,that,is,I,think,the,quality,of,services,is,poor".,Another!participant!form!Dahan0e0Ghori!district!of!the!Baglan,!has!reported,!"the,services,that,are,delivered,in,education,sector,,the,quality,of,books,and,chair,and,others,things,are,poor,[....],,they,are,damaged,quickly".,,

Presence)of)Corruption:))The!data!also!shows!that!presence!of!the!corruption!was!reported!as!a!factor!affecting!the!quality!of!services.!As!one!of!the!participant!has!rated!the!quality!of!agriculture!services!as!poor!quality!services!

!


!

because,!"improved,seeds,are,not,distributed,among,needy,people,[farmers],and,there,[in,that,directorate],bribes,and,recommendation,are,involved".,Another!participant!from!Doshi!district!has!reported,!"corruption,is,prevalent,in,these,two,offices,[sub'national,adminstrative,bodies],therefore,quality,of,services,of,poor,quality.",

Quality)of)Products)Delivered)to)Clients:)))The!data!also!shows!that!availability!of!the!poor!quality!products!which!are!delivered!to!the!clients,!has!resulted!in!negative!perception!about!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!For!instance!the!health!services!are!rated!as!poor!quality!services!because!of!the!availability!of!"poor,quality",medicines!in!the!health!facilities.!Also,!agriculture!services!are!categorized!as!poor!quality!services!because!of!the!availability!of!"poor,quality,fertilizers",that!is!distributed!by!the!agriculture!directorate.!!

Suggestions!to!improve!the!Quality!of!Services!Delivered!by!SubNnational!Adminstrative!Bodies:!!The!participants!were!asked!to!suggest!ways!to!improve!the!quality!of!the!services!provided!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!A!summary!of!the!suggestions!provided!by!the!FGDs'!participants!are!shown!in!the!bar0chart!below.!!

!

As!shown!in!the!chart,!majority!(31%)!of!the!FGDs'!participants!were!of!the!opinion!that!improvement!in!the!recruitment!process!of!the!staff!working!in!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies,!will!result!in!improving!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!these!bodies.!As!one!of!the!participant,!from!Pul0e0Khumri!district,!has!reported,!"qualified,doctors,should,be,recruited,in,the,health,facilities,and,the,capacity,of,the,teachers,should,be,improved".,A!frequently!reported!findings!is!that!a!large!of!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!that!services,should,be,delivered,by,skilled,staff,[skilled,or,professional,staff,should,be,recruited,in,these,offices].,,

30.8%#

25.6%#

14.1%#

14.1%#

10.3%#

5.1%#

Improve#the#Recruitment#Process#

Strengthen#the#M&E#System#

Provision#Of#Equipements#

Improve#Community#ParBcipaBon#

Capacity#Buidling#of#Staff##

Bribe#PrevenBon#

SuggesBon:#Improve#the#Quality#of#Sub\naBonal#

AdministraBve#Bodies##Services##

!


!

About!26%!of!the!participants!have!suggested!that!strengthening!the!current!monitoring!and!evaluation!(M&E)!system!in!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!will!improve!quality!services.!The!respondents!have!reported!that!presence!of!a!strong!internal!monitoring!system!within!the!directorates,!!in!which!the!supervisor!should!supervise!the!activities!of!supervisee!on!regular!basis,!will!result!in!improving!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!A!participant,!from!Dahan0e0Ghori,!has!reported,!"all,the,poor,quality,services,such,as,health,,education,,[...],and,agriculture,should,be,strictly,monitored,and,evaluated".,Another!participant!from!Faizabad!district!have!reported!that!in!order!to!improve!the!quality!of!the!services,!"the,responsible,person,[head,of,the,adminstrative,body],should,supervise,and,evaluate,his,directorate",,in!the!same!FGD!another!participant!has!reported,!"staff,members,should,be,regularly,assessed,[to,improve,the,quality,of,services].",In!addition,!the!participants!have!suggested!that!the!presence!of!the!external!evaluation!of!the!services!provided!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!will!result!in!improving!the!quality!of!services.!A!participant,!from!Yaftal0e0Payeen,!has!reported,!"other,institutions,and,government,[national,government,entities],should,always,see,[monitor],the,progress,of,the,work".,Also,!some!of!the!participants!have!suggested!that!monitoring!and!evaluation!of!the!services!through!the!community!members!will!result!in!improving!the!quality!of!services!provided!by!these!bodies.!A!participant,!from!Yaftal0e0Payeen!has!reproted,!"people,should,be,involved,and,should,communicate,their,opinions,[about,the,quality,of,services].",,

In!addition,!a!small!proportion!of!the!participants!have!reported!equipping!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!with!necessary!equipments,!provision,of,laboratory,material,to,schools',lab!and!provision,of,good,quality,medicines,to,the,health,facilities,,will!improve!the!quality!of!services.!!

Improving!the!participation!of!communities!members!and!their!representatives!in!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!will!also!improve!the!quality!of!the!services.!!

Building!the!capacity!of!the!staff!delivering!the!services!and!prevention!of!corruption!in!these!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies!will!improve!the!quality!of!the!services.!!

Perceived!Presence!of!the!Corrupt!Practices!in!Delivery!of!Public!Services:!!Data!from!the!FGDs'!participants!regarding!the!utilization!of!the!services!was!collected.!Participants!were!asked,!whether!influence!or!money!is!needed!to!fully!utilize!the!services!offered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!Then,!the!data!shows!that!only!a!small!percentage!of!the!FGDs'!participants!were!of!the!opinion!that!neither!money!nor!influence!is!needed!to!fully!utilize!the!services!as!one!of!the!participant!reported,!"!in,the,education,sector,there,is,no,money,or,influence[..],I,mean,money,or,influence,is,not,required".,However,!a!large!proportion(93%)!!of!the!participants!reported!that!either!influence!or!money,!or!both!is!required!to!fully!utilize!the!services!offered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!An!FGD!participant,!from!Shuhada!district!of!Badakhshan,!has!reported,!"if,you,have,influence,then,the,patient,is,quickly,treated,[then,you,can,utilize,the,health,services,efficiently]".,Another!FGD!participant,!Taloqan!City!of!Takhar,!has!reported!that!if!you!don't!have!money!then!no!one!is!ready!to!listen!to!your!story!which!means!that!nobody!will!pay!attention!to!what!you!are!saying!( !پ$# ک,Another!participant!form!Zareh!district!of!Balkh,!has!reported,!"people,who!.(ن& .#شت& باشی قص& #! مف! #س!do,not,have,money,then,there,are,many,delays,in,processing,their,papers,[...],and,are,kept,busy,[by,the,

!


!

officials,in,the,processing,of,their,papers],so,they,lose,money,by,not,working,during,those,days".,The!findings!of!the!data!is!shown!in!the!pie0chart!below.!!

!

!

!

The!FGDs'!participants!were!asked!to!compare!money!and!influence!and!name!only!one!of!them!which!is!needed!to!utilize!the!services!offered!by!the!sub0national!adminstrative!bodies.!Therefore,!the!data!shows!that!43%!of!the!participants!reported!"influence!is!stronger!than!money"!to!utilize!the!services!while!a!great!majority!of!the!participants!(57%)!have!reported!"money!mightier!than!influence"!to!fully!utilize!the!services.!!

Section!3:!!In!this!section!data!regarding!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!judicial!bodies!is!presented.!In!the!subsequent!section!data!regarding;!(1)!modes!of!resolution!of!civil!disputes!and!reasons!for!using!informal!system!for!resolution!of!civil!disputes,!(2)!perceived!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!by!the!Hoqooq!Offices,!and!(3)!perceived!presence!of!corrupt!practices!in!the!services!delivered!by!the!formal!judicial!system.!!

Modes!of!Resolution!of!Civil!Disputes!and!Reasons!for!Using!Informal!System!for!Resolution!of!Civil!Disputes:!!Data!regarding!modes!of!the!resolution!of!civil!disputes!such!as!land!disputes,!family!disputes,!loan!disputes!etc.!are!collected!and!the!results!of!data!analysis!shows!that!majority!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!that!civil!disputes!are!resolved!through!the!informal!judicial!system!such!as!through!villages!elders,!community!representatives,!tribal!councils,!religious!leaders,!religious!leaders!councils!(shura0e0ulema)!and!through!mediation!of!the!family!members!in!majority!of!the!cases!(66%).!Only!34%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!that!civil!disputes!are!resolved!through!the!formal!judicial!system!(courts,!attorney!office!and!Hoqooq!Offices).!The!findings!of!the!data!are!shown!in!the!pie0chart!below.!!

!

Influence!or!Money!93%!

No!Influence!or!Money!6%!

Don't!Know!1%!

DistribuBon#of#Responses:#What#is#needed#to#fully#uBlize#the#public#services#

!


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The!data!shows!that!formal!judicial!system!is!used!to!resolve!the!disputes,!only!if!the!informal!system!is!not!able!to!resolve!the!disputes.!This!finding!was!reported!by!a!large!number!of!the!FGDs'!participants,!"first,we,try,to,solve,[the,disputes],through,the,religious,leaders,and,elders,,if,[the,two,involved,parties,in,a,dispute],accept,[the,decision],then,it,is,fine,[...],,if,they,didn't,[the,two,parties,didn't,accept,the,decision],then,it,[the,dispute],is,referred,to,the,governmental,entity,such,as,Hoqooq,,Judiciary,and,Courts[...]".,Another!FGDs'!member!has!reported,!"we,first,try,to,solve,our,problems,by,ourselves,and,if,they,are,not,[solved],then,they,are,referred,to,government.",

Hoqooq!Offices!were!mentioned!by!a!very!small!percentage!(7%)!of!the!FGDs'!participants!as!entity!to!resolve!the!civil!disputes!of!the!community!members!and!data!shows!that!majority!of!the!FGDs'!participants!were!not!aware!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!Hoqooq!Offices!or!have!not!even!heard!the!name!of!the!Hoqooq!Offices.!A!FGDs'!participant,!from!Zareh!district!of!Balkh,!has!reported,!"we,have,Hoqooq,Office,but,throughout,the,year,they,have,not,resolved,one,or,two,cases[..],,the,office,is,open,only,two,days,in,a,week.".,In!addition,!some!of!the!FGDs'!participants!confused!the!name!of!the!Hoqooq!Office!with!Human!Rights!Commission!as!in!local!language!it!is!translated!as!"Hoqooq!Bashar"!and!this!similarity!in!name!might!have!resulted!in!confusion.!

Data!regarding!the!reasons!for!using!the!informal!judicial!system!for!civil!dispute!resolution!was!collected!to!identify!some!of!the!barriers!of!access!of!the!formal!judicial!system.!The!data!analysis!shows!that!corruption,!time,!cost,!effectiveness,!shame0factor!and!trust!were!identified!as!factors!responsible!for!the!utilization!of!information!judicial!system!rather!than!the!formal!judicial!system.!The!findings!of!the!data!analysis!is!shown!in!the!bar0chart!below!and!each!factor!will!be!discussed!in!subsequent!sections.!

Informal#Judicial#System#

66%#

Formal#Judicial#System#

34%#

DistribuBon#of##Responses#:#How#Civil#Disputes#are#Usually#

Resolved#

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Corruption:))The!data!analysis!shows!that!presence!of!the!corruption!in!the!formal!judicial!system!(Hoqooq!Offices)!were!identified!as!one!of!the!factor!which!prevents!the!community!members!from!accessing!the!Hoqooq!Offices!to!resolve!their!civil!disputes.!A!participant,!from!Dahan0e0Ghori,!has!reported,!"in,the,elders,we,have,got,a,benefit,[resolution,of,disputes,through,mediation,of,elders],,if,we,solve,it,in,the,Government,Offices,[judicial,offices]then,they,ask,for,bribes[...].",,

Time:))FGDs'!participant!have!mentioned!that!presence!of!lengthy!processes!in!the!formal!judicial!system!(Hoqooq!Offices)!which!consume!a!huge!amount!of!time!of!the!clients!as!a!barrier!for!the!not!accessing!the!formal!judicial!system.!Also,!timeliness!and!rapidness!of!the!informal!judicial!system!was!identified!by!FGDs'!participants!as!a!facilitating!factor!for!using!informal!judicial!system.!As!shown!in!the!bar0chart!about!27%!of!the!participant!have!reported!"time"!as!barrier!in!the!access!of!formal!judicial!system.!An!FGDs'!participant!has!reported,!"problems[civil,disputes],that,are,taken,to,the,government,[Hoqooq,Offices],will,cost,a,lot,,and,they,are,not,quick,[disputes,are,not,resolved,quickly].",Another!participant!has!reported,!"if,the,elders,solve,it[dispute],then,it,is,done,quickly".,,

Cost,)Effectiveness)and)Trust:))Higher!costs!were!reported!by!18%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!as!barrier!to!access!the!formal!judicial!system!(Hoqooq!Offices).!The!FGDs'!participants!!have!reported!that!cost!the!time!spent,!travel,!accommodation!and!other!related!costs!contribute!to!the!overall!costs!of!dispute!resolution!through!the!formal!judicial!system.!The!informal!judicial!system!is!mentioned!as!an!effective!system!for!dispute!resolution!by!the!13%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!and!FGDs'!participants!have!mentioned!that!for!years!this!system!has!been!working!in!their!villages/districts.!About!6%!of!the!participants!have!mentioned!that!they!have!low!trust!on!the!formal!judicial!system!which!acts!a!barrier!to!the!access!the!Hoqooq!Offices!for!resolution!!of!the!disputes.!An!FGDs'!participants!from!the!Royee0Doab!district!has!reported!this!finding,!"[the,informal,judicial,system],is,low'cost,,quick,and,easy,(less'complicated �� ),,morals,values,have,regressed[people,in,the,formal,judicial,system,don't,abide,by,the,higher,standards,of,morality],and,[by,the,using,informal,judicial,system],justice,is,done,[...].",

27.1%# 27.1%#

17.8%#

13.1%#

9.3%#

5.6%#

0.0%!

5.0%!

10.0%!

15.0%!

20.0%!

25.0%!

30.0%!

CorrupBon## Time# Cost# EffecBveness# Shame#Factor# Trust#

Reported#Factors##for#Using#Informal#System#for#Dispute#ResoluBon#

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ShameAFactor:))About!9%!of!the!FGDs!members!have!reported!that!if!civil!disputes!are!resolved!through!the!Hoqooq!Offices!then!more!people!will!become!aware!of!a!family!or!personal!disputes!and!is!"shame,for,us".!As!one!of!the!participant!from!the!Baghlan!has!reported,!"because,this[resolving,disputes,through,Hoqooq,Offices],is,considered,a,shame,and,think,[people,think],as,many,people,will,know,about,the,it,[dispute].",Another!participant!from!Imam0Sahib!has!reported,!"[we,resolve,the,disputes],through,the,prayer,leader,of,our,mosque,,we,don't,want,others,to,know,about,our,issue,[dispute].",,

Perceived!quality!of!services!delivered!by!the!by!the!Hoqooq!Offices:!!As!mentioned!above!that!only!a!very!small!percentage!(7%)!of!FGDs'!participants!were!aware!of!the!functions!of!the!Hoqooq!Office!and!majority!have!not!even!heard!the!Hoqooq!Offices!therefore!it!was!difficult!for!the!FGDs'!member!to!comment!on!the!quality!of!Hoqooq!Offices.!As!one!of!the!participant,!from!Zareh!district!of!Balkh,!has!reported,!"we,don't,know,about,the,Hoqooq,Office,and,we,don't,know,about,the,quality,of,work,of,it,[services,delivered,by,the,Hoqooq,Offices].",Among!the!participant!who!knew!about!the!Hoqooq!Office!and!its!services,!majority!have!reported!negative!perception!about!the!quality!of!the!services.!

Perceived!Presence!of!Corrupt!Practices!in!the!Services!Delivered!by!the!Formal!Judicial!System:!Data!regarding!the!presence!of!corrupt!practices!in!formal!judicial!system!was!!collected!and!the!data!analysis!shows!that!majority!(90%)!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!that!"without!money!or!influence"!it!is!not!possible!to!resolve!a!dispute!fairly.!Only!a!small!percentage!(5%!each)!of!the!FGDs'!participants!were!of!the!opinion!that!"yes!it!is!possible"!to!resolve!the!dispute!fairly!in!through!the!formal!judicial!system!while!5%!reported!that!sometimes!it!is!possible.!The!findings!are!shown!in!the!pie0chart!below.!!

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When!the!participants!were!asked!to!compare!the!role!"money!"!and!"influence"!in!the!formal!judicial!system!then!61%!of!the!FGDs!participants!have!reported!that!"money!is!stronger!role!than!influence"!in!the!judicial!system!while!39%!of!the!FGDs'!participants!have!reported!that!influence!is!powerful!than!money!in!getting!a!case!resolved!in!the!formal!judicial!system.!

SomeBmes#

5%#Yes#

5%#

No#(Not#at#All)#

90%#

DistribuBon#of#Responses:#Posiblity#of##Gehng#a#Fair#Decision#in#

Formal#Judicial#Service#Without#Influence#or#Money#

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Annex!:!Focus!Group!Discussion!Questionnaire!!!Baseline#Tool#

Focus#Group#Discussion#Questionnaire#

!The,purpose,of,this,questionnaire,is,to,collect,data,on,governance,and,governance,related,information,from,a,section,of,general,population,and,their,representatives,in,each,target,province,to,determine,a,baseline,for,selected,indicators,of,BMZ,country,strategy.,,!

!!!Section#1:#This#first#section#contains#questions#about#about#Development#Project#being#implemented#

in#your#district#or#province:##

!Are!Development!Projects!being!implemented!in!your!district/!province?!Can!you!name!a!few!development!projects?!(Development!project!means!e.g.;!construction!of!!schools,!health!centers,!women!training!centers,!teacher!training!centers,!roads,!water!reservoirs,!and!constructions!of!!flood!protections)!!!!Can!you!name!some!of!the!agencies!that!are!implementing!the!development!projects!in!your!districts?!(probe!which!project!is!being!implemented!by!which!agency;!exact!names!are!not!needed!just!a!hint!about!the!agency!implementing!the!project!is!sufficient)!!!

Instructions#and#Consent#

Hello,!My!name!is!___________________,!and!this!is!my!partner!______________.!We!are!working!with!JS!Consultancy!Services.!I!will!be!facilitating!this!discussion!and!my!partner!will!take!notes.!!We!are!conducting!a!focus!group!discussion!(FGDs)!on!behalf!of!GIZ!programs!(German!Development!Cooperation)!in!which!your!participation!is!important.!GIZ!support!Afghan!partners!in!the!field!of!political!participation,!public!administration,!and!rule!of!law!in!the!6!north0eastern!provinces,!as!well!as!on!central!level.!!The!purpose!of!our!visit!and!the!FGD!is!to!collect!baseline!data!and!to!gather!information!from!the!community!members!and!their!representatives!so!that!GIZ!can!better!support!Afghan!partner!institutions!on!provincial,!district!and!community!level!to!plan!and!implement!development!projects.!The!information!will!enable!GIZ!and!its!Afghan!partner!institutions!can!deliver!more!efficient!services!so!that!current!conditions!in!the!communities!will!improve.!!!!I!would!like!to!ask!you!about!the!project!implemented!by!GIZ!partners!in!your!district!and!will!ask!you!about!the!quality!of!public!services!delivered!by!sub0national!administrative!bodies!and!state!judicial!bodies.!The!FGD!usually!takes!60!minutes!to!complete.!Whatever!information!you!provide!will!be!kept!strictly!confidential!and!will!not!be!shown!to!other!persons.!!!If!you!all!agree!to!participate!in!this!FGD!then!please!fill!the!contact!sheet!which!is!provided!to!so!that!we!can!start!the!FGD!after!filling!the!contact!sheet.!!!Date: _____________

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Were!the!implemented0projects!really!needed!by!the!communities!or!districts!people?!(probe!whether!the!projects!are!implemented!to!full!fill!the!needs!of!the!communities!or!they!were!not!based!on!the!needs!of!the!communities!and!were!donor!driven!projects)!!!If!projects!are!being!implemented!to!satisfy!the!needs!of!the!communities,!so,!how!did!the!implementing!partner!(Afghan!partner!GIZ!programs)!knew!that!a!………………!(a!particular!project!being!implemented!by!the!RCDF/RIDF/ROL)!is!needed!in!this!province/district!?!(Probe!if!the!members!of!focus!group!discussion!were!involved!in!the!project!selection!process!or!not.!Probe!the!reason!behind!the!non0involvement!of!the!FGDs!member!in!the!selection!of!the!project)!!Who!prepared!the!design/plan?!Did!the!implementing!agency!(GIZ!Afghan!partner)!communicate!the!project0plan!with!you?!!How!was!the!project!plan!communicated!with!you?!!(Probe!if!the!FGDs!members!are!involved!in!the!planning!of!the!project)!!!What!is!the!status!of!the!project!now?!During!implementation!of!the!project!what!was!your!role?!!Were!you!satisfied!in!the!given!role?!(Probe!about!the!involvement!of!the!FGDs!members!in!the!implementation!of!the!project)!!Any!Suggestions!from!your!side!on!how!to!improve!greater!involvement!of!the!community!members!in!the!planning!and!implementation!of!the!projects?!!!!Section#2:#The#second#section#contains#questions#regarding#quality#of#public#services#delivered#by#sub\

national#administrative#bodies.##

!What!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!administrative!bodies!are!most!important!or!relevant!to!you!(FGDs!participants)!?!(Examples!of!the!services!delivered!by!the!sub0national!administrative!bodies:!provision!of!education!services!through!the!schools!in!the!districts,!provision!of!ID!cards,!provision!of!health!services,!provision!of!agriculture!services!etc.!Write!all!the!services!mentioned!by!the!FGD!members!and!ask!them!which!one!is!the!most!important!to!the!them)!!!What!do!people!think!about!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!sub0national!administrative!bodies?!(Name!some!of!the!services!as!mentioned!by!the!participants!in!the!above!question.!Probe!about!the!different!dimension!of!Quality!such!as!cost,!effectiveness,!efficacy,!client!satisfaction,!safety,!client!participation!in!the!design!and!implementation!of!the!services).!!!In!your!opinion,!which!services!delivered!by!sub0national!administrative!bodies!can!be!categorized!as!“Good!Quality!Services”?!!!Why!have!you!categorized!……………………………!(mentioned!each!service!from!the!above!question)!as!“Good!Quality!Services”!?!!!In!your!opinion,!which!services!delivered!by!sub0national!administrative!bodies!can!be!categorized!as!“Un0Satisfactory!Quality!Services”?!!!!

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Why!have!you!categorized!……………………………!(mentioned!each!service!from!the!above!question)!as!“Un0Satisfactory!Quality!Services”!?!!!!How!can!the!quality!of!these!services!be!improved!?!!Usually!if!somebody!wants!to!utilize!any!public!service!a!“wasita”!(recommendation!or!phone!call!from!powerful!person)!is!needed!or!not?!Can!“paisa”!(money!for!bribe)!do!the!same!as!“waista”!has!done!to!fully!utilize!the!services?!!In!your!opinion!which!one!more!powerful!“wasita”!or!“paisa”!to!fully!utilize!the!public!services!delivered!by!sub!national!administrative!bodies?!!Section#3:#The#third#section#contains#questions#regarding#quality#of#public#services#delivered#by#sub\

national#judicial#bodies.##

!Thank!the!participants!for!providing!information!about!the!education!services!in!the!district!or!the!province!and!tell!them!that!next!set!of!questions!is!about!Judicial!Services!provided!by!the!Judiciary!at!the!district!or!provincial!level.!!!What!are!the!typical!things!the!formal!justice!system!does!in!your!districts/province?!(probe!for!the!examples!of!the!justice!system!activities)!!Tell!me!how!land!disputes,!family!disputes,!loan!disputes!are!usually!settled!in!your!district?!(Let!the!participants!to!list!the!all!the!channels!and!if!Haqooq!Office!is!not!mentioned!then!probe!about!the!Haqooq!Office!and!probe!if!the!participants!know!about!the!Haqooq!office).!!!Why!do!people!want!to!resolve!their!disputes!through!channels!which!are!not!part!of!the!formal!judicial!system!(Haqooq!Office)?!(Name!some!of!the!non!formal!judicial!system!are!in!place!in!a!given!district!as!mentioned!by!the!participants!in!the!above!question).!Is!it!cheaper?!Or!is!it!faster?!Is!it!effective?!!!In!your!opinion,!Is!the!quality!of!services!delivered!by!“Haqooq!Offices”!is!“Good”!or!“Unsatisfactory”?!!(Ask!each!participant!in!the!FGD!and!write!their!responses!below)!!Why!do!think!the!services!delivered!by!the!Haqooq!Offices!is!of!“Good!Quality”!?!(Direct!the!questions!to!those!who!have!categorized!it!as!of!good!quality),!Why!do!you!think!the!services!delivered!by!the!Haqooq!Office!is!of!“Un!Satisfactory!Quality”!?!(Direct!the!Question!to!the!those!who!have!categorized!the!services!as!“Un!Satisfactory!Quality”!).!!!!Do!you!think!in!the!Formal!Justice!System,!if!a!person!who!does!not!have!a!“wasita”!or!does!not!have!“paisa”!can!get!a!fair!decision?!!!!In!a!Formal!Justice!System,!“wasita”!is!more!powerful!or!“!paisa”!?!!!!!

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Annex!:!Data!Collector!Training!Agenda!

!!

BMZ#Country#Strategy#Baseline#Study\FGDs#

Training#Agenda!Responsible Methodology Topic Time Filling the Registration

Form Participants Registration

گا!.%جستر+شن %شتر%$ کنند8:30 -9:10

Speeches Welcome خو% $مد"د

9:10-9:15

Pair Activity Introduction of the participants معرفی )شتر)' کنندگا!

9:15-9:20

Brainstorming Rules and Regulations of the Training قو(ن,ن * (صو& تر#ننگ

9:20-9:25


Objectives of the Training '(د'& تر#ننگ

9:25-9:35

Pre-Test #متحا$ #"!

9:35-9:50

Short Break کوتا!$قف!

9:50-10:00


GIZ programs in Afghanistan and Importance of the Baseline Survey

ب(نام5 ,ا4 #نکشافی #لما. - #,م"* #()"ابی #بت$#"ی

10:00 -10:15

Interactive presentation

1st step of data collection: Building Rapport with the respondents

جو)بد&ندگا!مرحل5 3/4 جمع '/.- معلوما): 'شنا$ی با

10:15-10:35

Q&A Role Play

2nd step of data collection: Getting the consent of the respondents ( Ethics of research)

مرحل* %84 جمع 2345 معلوما/: 'جا.! نام* جو'& %$ند!

10:35-11:00

Review of the questionnaire

3rd step of data collection: Using the questionnaire to collect data

مرحل+ سو9 جمع $#"! معلوما6: )ستفا23 سو)لنام+ بر)! جمع $#"! معلوما!

11:00-11:30

Q &A 3rd step of data collection: Using the structured questionnaire to collect data

معلوما6: )ستفا23 سو)لنام+ بر)! جمع $#"! مرحل+ سو) جمع $#"! معلوما' (سو"%/جو"!)

11:30-12:00

Short Break $قف!

12:00-12:15


Collecting data from respondents in the field جمع :9%8 معلوما3 .2 .شتر.- کنند( گا' &% ساح!

12:15-1:30


Collecting data respondents in the field جمع :9%8 معلوما3 .2 .شتر.- کنند( گا' &% ساح!

1:30-2:00

Discussion Group Work

Data collection plan for the districts پال6 بر%/ جمع 0)(/ معلوما+ *( )لسو%لی "ا

2:00-2:30

Discussion Supervision of the Data collection Process نظا)! پر(س. جمع *()' معلوما!

2:30-2:45

Post test and Closing (متحا$ #خر

2:45-3:00

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Annex!:!BMZ!Country!Strategy!Governance!Indicators!!

Overall#Good#Governance#

#

The!goal!of!German#development#cooperation#with#Afghanistan!in!the!priority!area!of!rule!of!law,!!political!participation!and!public!administration!is:!Trust!in!the!legitimacy!and!functioning!of!the!!organs!of!state!and!in!public!service!delivery!is!improved.!!!The!achievement!of!goals!is!measured!by!the!following!indicators:!!!1)!!60!per!cent!of!the!population!in!all!supported!districts!think!that!public!services!have!improved.!!(Baseline:!12/2014!compared!to!12/2017)!!2)!!In!12/2017,!60!per!cent!of!users!of!state!judicial!bodies!and!sub0national!administrative!bodies!!in!the!supported!provinces!think!that!state!organs!give!adequate!consideration!to!the!rights!of!!the!population.!(Baseline!in!a!focus!group:!12/2014!compared!to!12/2017)!!!

The!goal!in!the!thematic!area!of!the!rule#of#law#is:!!!!The!constitutional!compliance!of!judicial!and!police!action!and!the!development!of!governance!in!!accordance!with!the!law!are!improved!in!key!reform!projects.!!!The!achievement!of!goals!is!measured!by!the!following!indicators:!!!1)!!In!!a!!survey,!!60!!per!!cent!!of!!members!!of!!national!!civil!!society!!organisations!!think!!that!!greater!!consideration!!has!!been!!given!!to!!civil!!rights!!(and!!especially!!the!!rights!!of!!women)!!in!!setting!!standards!and!implementing!legislation.!(Baseline:!12/2014)!!2)!!Risk!analyses!carried!out!by!anti0corruption!institutions!are!used!by!two!ministries!to!integrate!!anti0corruption!measures!into!organisational!development.!!3)!!The!number!of!cases!brought!before!courts!and!huquqs!supported!by!Germany’s!development!!cooperation!has!risen!by!50!per!cent.!!4)!!The!number!of!women!in!the!legal!profession!has!risen!by!35!per!cent.!!The!goal!in!the!thematic!area!of!political#participation!is:!!!!Political!participation!in!the!focus!provinces!is!improved.!!!The!achievement!of!goals!is!measured!by!the!following!indicators:!!!1)!!In!12/2017,!60!per!cent!of!the!surveyed!population!and!public!institutions!(including!PDCs,!PCs,!!CDCs,!DDAs)!in!the!focus!provinces!state!that!their!interests!have!been!taken!into!account!in!!the!selection,!planning!and!implementation!of!the!development!projects!supported!by!German!!development!policy!organisations.!(Baseline!from!focus!group:!12/2014)!!2)!!In!a!survey,!60!per!cent!of!the!population!(60!per!cent!men!and!60!per!cent!women)!in!selected!!focus!!provinces!!state!!that!!the!!number!!and!!quality!!of!!services!!delivered!!by!!sub0national!!administrative!institutions!have!improved.!(Baseline!from!focus!group:!12/2014)!!!

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