Houses and Paths from Podgora: a Case of Landscape Sacralization (Sakralizacija prostora na primjeru podgorskih kuća i puteva)

3nd International Conference of Mediaeval Archaeology3. međunarodni znanstveni skup srednjovjekovne arheologije

Book of Abstracts / Knjiga sažetaka

Sacralization of Landscape and Sacred

Places

Sakralizacija prostora i sveta mjesta

Institute of archaeology / Institut za arheologiju

Zagreb, 2nd - 3rd June 2016Zagreb, 2. - 3. lipnja 2016.

IMPRESSUM

Nakladnik/Publisher

INSTITUT ZA ARHEOLOGIJU

Glavni i odgovorni urednik/Editor in chief

Juraj BELAJ

Prijevod/Translation

Sanjin MIHELIĆ

Lektura/Language editor

Sanjin MIHELIĆ (English)

Renata DRAŽENOVIĆ (hrvatski)

Grafi čko oblikovanje/Graphic design

Računalni slog/Layout

Hrvoje JAMBREK

Tisak/Printed by

Tiskara Zelina d.d., Sv. I. Zelina

Naklada/Issued

100 primjeraka/100 copies

ISBN 978-953-6064-29-8

CIP zapis dostupan u računalnome katalogu Nacionalne i

sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 000934697.

http://www.iarh.hr

http://www.iarh.hr

3 rd International Conference of Mediaeval Archaeology

3. međunarodni znanstveni skup srednjovjekovne arheologije

Zagreb, 2nd - 3rd June 2016Zagreb, 2. - 3. lipnja 2016.

Institut za arheologiju

Institute of archaeology

Organizator skupa/ Conference organized by:

Institut za arheologiju

Ulica Ljudevita Gaja 32

HR-10000 Zagreb

Suorganizator/ Co-organizer:

ARHEOLOŠKI MUZEJ U ZAGREBU

Trg Nikole Šubića Zrinskog 19

HR-10000 Zagreb

Za organizatora/ Conference organizer:

dr. sc. Juraj BELAJ

Znanstveni odbor/ Scientifi c Committee:

dr. sc. Juraj BELAJ

dr. sc. Marijana BELAJ

dr. sc. Siniša KRZNAR

dr. sc. Tajana SEKELJ IVANČAN

dr. sc. Tatjana TKALČEC

Organizacijski odbor/ Organizational Committee:

dr. sc. Juraj BELAJ

dr. sc. Siniša KRZNAR

dr. sc. Tajana SEKELJ IVANČAN

dr. sc. Tatjana TKALČEC

Pomoć u realizaciji skupa/ With the help of:

Kristina TURKALJ

Filomena SIROVICA

Mjesto održavanja/ Address of the Conference:

ARHEOLOŠKI MUZEJ U ZAGREBU

Trg Nikole Šubića Zrinskog 19

HR-10000 Zagreb

5


3rd In

tern

atio

nal S

cien

tific

Conf

eren

ce o

f Med

iaev

al A

rcha

eolo

gy o

f the

Inst

itute

of A

rcha

eolo

gy

Sacr

aliz

atio

n of

Lan

dsca

pe a

nd S

acre

d Pl

aces

Thur

sday

, 2nd

June

201

6H

ALL

AH

ALL

B

09:0

0-09

:20

Ope

ning

of t

he c

onfe

renc

e, w

elco

me

spee

ches

Jura

j Bel

aj, M

arko

Diz

dar,

Sanj

in M

ihel

ić09

:20-

10:0

0In

trod

ucto

ry p

lena

ry le

ctur

e an

d di

scus

sion

prof

. dr.

And

rej P

lete

rski

: Sac

ral s

patia

l arr

ange

men

t of

la

ndsc

ape

10:0

0-10

:20

coffe

e br

eak

10:2

0-12

:00

10:2

0-10

:40

10:4

0-11

:00

11:0

0-11

:20

11:2

0-11

:40

11:4

0-12

:00

12:0

0-12

:15

Hum

an a

nd s

acre

d la

ndsc

ape:

par

adig

ms

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: Sa

njin

Mih

elić

)M

arin

a M

iliće

vić

Brad

ač: P

assi

ng th

roug

h th

e co

untr

ysid

e:

how

to re

cogn

ize

a sa

cred

pla

ce?

Jevg

enij

Pašč

enko

: The

impo

rtan

ce o

f lan

dsca

pe in

topo

n-ym

y co

ntex

tual

izat

ion

Barb

ara

Hau

smai

r: Bu

rial a

rcha

eolo

gy a

nd th

e m

ultip

licity

of

sacr

ed sp

aces

: an

exam

ple

from

med

ieva

l Cen

tral

Eur

ope

Mar

ijana

Bel

aj, M

irel

a H

rova

tin:

Cul

tura

l pra

ctic

es in

sa-

Cultu

ral p

ract

ices

in s

a-cr

alis

atio

n of

pla

ces

Dan

iela

Pat

ti, L

aura

Car

neva

le: S

acra

lizat

ion

of L

ands

cape

an

d Sa

cred

Pla

ces

in A

pulia

: The

cas

e of

“H

erm

itage

of S

an

Nic

ola”

disc

ussio

n

Trac

es o

f sac

red

site

s: p

rehi

stor

y(S

essio

n Ch

air:

Ivan

a O

žani

ć Ro

gulji

ć)D

imit

rij M

leku

ž: F

olde

d la

ndsc

ape:

pre

hist

oric

ritu

al la

nd-

scap

e ar

ound

Ško

cjan

Iv

or K

arav

anić

, Mia

Čuj

kevi

ć-Pl

ečko

, Silv

ija L

asić

: Asp

ects

of

sym

bolic

beh

avio

ur a

t Cro

atia

n Pa

laeo

lithi

c si

tes

Mitj

a G

ušti

n, A

lja Ž

orž:

Nov

a ta

bla

at M

ursk

a So

bota

: A

case

of a

bur

ial s

ite a

s a

sacr

ed a

rea

Mar

ko D

izda

r, Sl

avic

a Fi

lipov

ić: A

Lat

e La

Tèn

e Sc

ordi

scan

Sa

nctu

ary

from

Osi

jek

Dar

ia L

ožnj

ak D

izda

r: Pl

aces

of t

he d

ead

- Lat

e Br

onze

Age

sa

cred

pla

ces

in th

e Ca

rpat

hian

Bas

in

disc

ussio

n

12:1

5-13

:45

lunc

h br

eak

6

3nd International Conference of Mediaeval Archaeology13

:45-

15:2

5

13:4

5-14

:05

14:0

5-14

:25

14:2

5-14

:45

14:4

5-15

:05

15:0

5-15

:25

15:2

5-15

:40

Myt

h in

land

scap

e(S

essio

n Ch

air:

Mar

ko D

izda

r)V

itom

ir B

elaj

, Jur

aj B

elaj

: Aro

und

and

belo

w D

ivuš

a: tr

aces

of

arr

ival

of P

erun

’s m

othe

r in

our l

ands

Mar

ko S

mol

e: S

acre

d Sl

avic

tria

ngle

in th

e up

per K

upa

and

Čabr

anka

val

ley,

a s

tory

abo

ut p

re-C

hris

tian

and

Chris

tian

land

scap

e sa

cral

isat

ion

Stip

e Ro

sand

ić: T

he H

oly

Tria

ngle

in S

lavo

nia

- a c

ontr

ibu-

tion

to s

tudy

ing

Croa

tian

myt

holo

gyJe

lka

Vin

ce P

allu

a: "

Old

Bab

a Vu

koša

" -

a ne

w F

igur

ativ

e Re

pres

enta

tion

of th

e M

ythi

cal B

aba

Anđ

elko

Đer

mek

: A M

athe

mat

ical

Ana

lysi

s of

Dis

trib

utio

n of

Sac

red

Plac

es in

the

Lan

dsca

pe. T

he a

rea

of Z

apre

šić

as

a ca

se s

tudy

disc

ussio

n

Soci

al re

alit

ies

in th

e sa

cral

isat

ion

of s

pace

I(S

essio

n Ch

air:

Mar

ijana

Bel

aj)

Suza

na M

arja

nić:

The

sac

raliz

atio

n of

lan

dsca

pe i

n co

n-te

mpo

rary

art

pra

ctic

es: t

he c

ase

of th

e lo

cal s

cene

Sand

ra K

riži

ć Ro

ban:

"Dis

plac

emen

t" in

the

art s

pace

Mor

ana

Čauš

ević

-Bul

ly: C

hurc

h co

nstr

uctio

ns o

n th

e m

ari-

Chur

ch c

onst

ruct

ions

on

the

mar

i-tim

e ro

ute

– Kv

arne

r isl

ands

and

the

coas

tIg

or K

ulen

ović

, Ned

a Ku

leno

vić

Oce

lić: N

ew "S

acre

d" P

lac-

es: H

erita

ge P

ract

ices

on

Her

itage

Site

sIv

an M

ajna

rić:

The

mog

ila a

nd u

ses

of th

e pa

st

disc

ussio

n15

:40-

16:0

0co

ffee

brea

k16

:00-

17:4

0

16:0

0-16

:20

16:2

0-16

:40

16:4

0-17

:00

17:0

0-17

:20

17:2

0-17

:40

17:4

0-17

:55

Sacr

ed p

lace

- th

e ar

ena

of re

ligio

us d

isco

urse

s(S

essio

n Ch

air:

Andr

eja

Kude

lić)

Hei

ki V

alk:

Chr

istia

n si

tes

and

sacr

ed n

atur

al s

ites:

the

case

of

Est

onia

Vesn

a La

loše

vić:

Exa

mpl

es o

f pag

an sa

cral

isat

ion

of th

e Si

r-Ex

ampl

es o

f pag

an sa

cral

isat

ion

of th

e Si

r-m

ium

and

Sal

ona

land

scap

es in

the

early

Chr

istia

n le

gend

sTi

bor K

omar

: Sac

ro-s

patia

l ele

men

ts in

Low

er M

eđim

urje

- da

ta fr

om e

thno

grap

hic

field

rese

arch

Ita

Pran

ičev

ić B

orov

ac: S

acre

d si

tes

of A

dria

tic s

eam

en –

ex

ampl

es o

f lon

g du

ratio

n as

wel

l as

tran

sfor

mat

ion

of a

rt

man

ifest

atio

ns o

f re

ligio

us a

ttitu

de t

owar

ds t

he S

acre

d fr

om A

ntiq

uity

unt

il th

e M

oder

n A

geLa

zo Č

učko

vić:

Sac

red

plac

es o

f the

Kup

a Ri

ver r

egio

n

disc

ussio

n

Soci

al re

alit

ies

in th

e sa

cral

isat

ion

of s

pace

II(S

essio

n Ch

air:

Tatja

na T

kalč

ec)

Judi

t Kis

-Hal

as: H

it by

Lig

htni

ng, L

it by

Hea

venl

y Li

ght:

on

the

role

of

folk

nar

rativ

es in

cre

atin

g sa

cred

site

s (A

Cas

e St

udy

of a

hill

in S

outh

Hun

gary

)Lu

ka Š

ešo:

The

cas

e of

con

tem

pora

ry C

hris

tiani

zatio

n of

pa

gan

spac

esM

aria

– E

ugen

ia M

ăgur

ean:

The

Em

erge

nce

of S

acre

d Pl

ac-

The

Emer

genc

e of

Sac

red

Plac

-es

in th

e Co

ntem

pora

ry O

rtho

dox

Wor

ld. T

he C

onst

ruct

ion

of R

oman

ian

Peop

le’s

Salv

atio

n Ca

thed

ral

Juri

s U

rtān

s, J

anīn

a Ku

rsīte

: Abo

ut t

he s

ymbo

lism

of t

he

Svēt

upe

Rive

r (Th

e H

oly

Rive

r) in

Lat

via

Palm

a Ka

rkov

ić T

akal

ić:

Som

e qu

estio

ns a

bout

mith

raic

sa

nctu

arie

sdi

scus

sion

7


Frid

ay,

3rd J

une

2016

HA

LL A

HA

LL B

09:0

0-11

:00

9:00

-9:2

0

9:20

-9:4

0

9:40

-10:

00

10:0

0-10

:20

10:2

0-10

:40

10:4

0-10

:55

Nar

rati

ves

and

prac

tice

s in

the

sacr

alis

atio

n of

spa

ce(S

essio

n Ch

air:

Tibo

r Kom

ar)

Ant

onia

Vod

anov

ić, I

van

Hul

jev:

Hou

ses

and

Path

s fr

om

Podg

ora:

a C

ase

of L

ands

cape

Sac

raliz

atio

nCo

rnel

ia F

lore

a: P

etril

a M

ine

– Sa

cred

und

ergr

ound

Lidi

ja B

ajuk

: Acr

oss

the

mou

ntai

ns h

igh,

acr

oss

the

wat

ers

deep

Anj

a M

oric

, Ana

Per

inić

Lew

is: H

ero

Peta

r Kl

epac

and

his

ho

mel

and

Mer

ili M

etsv

ahi:

Folk

lore

abo

ut th

e La

ke K

aali

and

the

Lake

Va

lgjä

rv in

Est

onia

disc

ussio

n

Trac

es o

f sac

red

site

s: a

ntiq

uity

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: As

ja T

onc)

Mar

ija B

uzov

: Pla

ces

of W

orsh

ip in

Ant

iqui

ty

Dra

žen

Mar

šić:

Sac

raliz

atio

n of

the

Sal

onita

n ru

ral

land

-Sa

cral

izat

ion

of t

he S

alon

itan

rura

l la

nd-

scap

e on

the

exam

ple

of G

radi

na in

Uvo

dići

Mar

tina

Dub

olni

ć G

lava

n: C

ult

Plac

es in

the

Rur

al L

and-

Cult

Plac

es in

the

Rur

al L

and-

scap

e as

a R

eflec

tion

of R

oman

izat

ion

of a

n In

dige

nous

Co

mm

unity

: An

Exam

ple

of M

unic

ipiu

m A

enon

aSi

lvia

Bek

avac

, Žel

jko

Mile

tić:

Cas

tella

Pet

untiu

m, N

ares

te

and

One

um a

s sa

cral

dom

inan

tsSl

avic

a Fi

lipov

ić, V

ladi

mir

Kus

ik: A

Pla

ce o

f Wor

ship

of S

il-A

Pla

ce o

f Wor

ship

of S

il-va

nus

in M

ursa

?

disc

ussio

n10

:55-

11:1

5co

ffee

brea

k11

:15-

12:3

0

11:1

5-11

:35

11:3

5-11

:55

11:5

5-12

:15

12:1

5-12

:30

Read

ing

of h

oly

plac

es a

nd s

ites

in Is

lam

ic tr

adit

ion

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: Lu

ka Š

ešo)

Ehsa

n Sh

avar

ebi:

The

Tem

ple(

s) o

f A

nāhī

d: I

stak

hr o

r N

aqsh

-e R

ajab

?A

ndre

a Ri

mpf

, Dra

žen

Arb

utin

a: Il

ok O

ttom

an m

osqu

esĆa

zim

Had

žim

ejlić

: Sa

cred

ness

in

Isla

mic

bui

ldin

gs w

ith

refe

renc

e to

the

mos

que di

scus

sion

12:3

0-14

:00

lunc

h br

eak

8

3nd International Conference of Mediaeval Archaeology

14:0

0-15

:40

14:0

0-14

:20

14:2

0-14

:40

14:4

0-15

:00

15:0

0-15

:20

15:2

0-15

:40

15:4

0-15

:55

(De)

Sacr

alis

atio

ns: s

pati

al b

iogr

aphi

es I

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: D

aria

Lož

njak

Diz

dar)

Ana

Jor

dan

Knež

ević

: Con

trib

utio

n to

the

stu

dy o

f dev

el-

Cont

ribut

ion

to t

he s

tudy

of d

evel

-op

men

t and

func

tion

of s

acra

l bui

ldin

gs a

t Zad

ar te

rrito

ry

(4th

-9th

cen

tury

)M

arija

Mar

ić B

akov

ić, J

ela

Duv

njak

: The

con

tinui

ty o

f the

sa

cral

and

act

ualit

y of

the

cul

t at

St.

John

’s Ce

met

ery

in

Livn

oA

nton

ija Z

arad

ija K

iš: R

esac

ralis

atio

n of

the

Sai

nt M

artin

Sp

ace

and

Its C

ultu

ral P

ersp

ectiv

eD

arko

Tep

ert:

Carm

el,

Tabo

r, M

ount

of

Oliv

es a

nd Z

ion:

Ex

ampl

es o

f Sac

red

Cont

inui

ty o

f 'ho

ly m

ount

ains

' in

Hol

y La

ndRo

sana

Rat

kovč

ić: C

ontin

uity

and

dis

cont

inui

ty o

f the

hol

y si

tes

of C

hris

tiani

ty a

nd Is

lam

in th

e ex

ampl

es fr

om th

e Su

fi tr

aditi

ondi

scus

sion

Chri

stia

n sp

atia

l sym

bolis

atio

n I

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: Ka

tarin

a Bo

tić)

Olg

a Šp

ehar

: Cha

ngin

g sa

cred

land

scap

e: C

hris

tiani

zatio

n of

Cen

tral

Bal

kans

in L

ate

Ant

iqui

ty

Zvon

imir

Mar

inov

ić: S

ome

aspe

cts

of th

e de

velo

pmen

t of

Chris

tian

litur

gy a

nd it

s in

fluen

ce o

n sa

cred

spa

ce in

the

ea

rly M

iddl

e A

ges

Vla

dim

ir P

eter

Gos

s: S

acra

lizat

ion

of th

e Ve

rtic

al

Jose

f Hlo

žek,

Pet

r Men

šík,

Mila

n Pr

ochá

zka:

Rom

anes

que

chur

ches

in so

uthe

rn B

ohem

ia a

s a c

ase

stud

y in

the

sacr

ali-

satio

n of

land

scap

eM

irja

na R

epan

ić-B

raun

: The

Sac

ralis

ed S

pace

s of

the

Cal

-Th

e Sa

cral

ised

Spa

ces

of t

he C

al-

vary

Mon

umen

tsdi

scus

sion

15:5

5-16

:15

coffe

e br

eak

Frid

ay,

3rd J

une

2016

HA

LL A

HA

LL B

9


14:0

0-15

:40

14:0

0-14

:20

14:2

0-14

:40

14:4

0-15

:00

15:0

0-15

:20

15:2

0-15

:40

15:4

0-15

:55

(De)

Sacr

alis

atio

ns: s

pati

al b

iogr

aphi

es I

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: D

aria

Lož

njak

Diz

dar)

Ana

Jor

dan

Knež

ević

: Con

trib

utio

n to

the

stu

dy o

f dev

el-

Cont

ribut

ion

to t

he s

tudy

of d

evel

-op

men

t and

func

tion

of s

acra

l bui

ldin

gs a

t Zad

ar te

rrito

ry

(4th

-9th

cen

tury

)M

arija

Mar

ić B

akov

ić, J

ela

Duv

njak

: The

con

tinui

ty o

f the

sa

cral

and

act

ualit

y of

the

cul

t at

St.

John

’s Ce

met

ery

in

Livn

oA

nton

ija Z

arad

ija K

iš: R

esac

ralis

atio

n of

the

Sai

nt M

artin

Sp

ace

and

Its C

ultu

ral P

ersp

ectiv

eD

arko

Tep

ert:

Carm

el,

Tabo

r, M

ount

of

Oliv

es a

nd Z

ion:

Ex

ampl

es o

f Sac

red

Cont

inui

ty o

f 'ho

ly m

ount

ains

' in

Hol

y La

ndRo

sana

Rat

kovč

ić: C

ontin

uity

and

dis

cont

inui

ty o

f the

hol

y si

tes

of C

hris

tiani

ty a

nd Is

lam

in th

e ex

ampl

es fr

om th

e Su

fi tr

aditi

ondi

scus

sion

Chri

stia

n sp

atia

l sym

bolis

atio

n I

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: Ka

tarin

a Bo

tić)

Olg

a Šp

ehar

: Cha

ngin

g sa

cred

land

scap

e: C

hris

tiani

zatio

n of

Cen

tral

Bal

kans

in L

ate

Ant

iqui

ty

Zvon

imir

Mar

inov

ić: S

ome

aspe

cts

of th

e de

velo

pmen

t of

Chris

tian

litur

gy a

nd it

s in

fluen

ce o

n sa

cred

spa

ce in

the

ea

rly M

iddl

e A

ges

Vla

dim

ir P

eter

Gos

s: S

acra

lizat

ion

of th

e Ve

rtic

al

Jose

f Hlo

žek,

Pet

r Men

šík,

Mila

n Pr

ochá

zka:

Rom

anes

que

chur

ches

in so

uthe

rn B

ohem

ia a

s a c

ase

stud

y in

the

sacr

ali-

satio

n of

land

scap

eM

irja

na R

epan

ić-B

raun

: The

Sac

ralis

ed S

pace

s of

the

Cal

-Th

e Sa

cral

ised

Spa

ces

of t

he C

al-

vary

Mon

umen

tsdi

scus

sion

15:5

5-16

:15

coffe

e br

eak

16:1

5-17

:40

16:1

5-16

:35

16:3

5-16

:55

16:5

5-17

:15

17:1

5-17

:35

17:3

5-17

:55

(De)

Sacr

alis

atio

ns: s

pati

al b

iogr

aphi

es II

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: Si

niša

Krz

nar)

Gáb

or K

lani

czay

: Mar

gare

t Is

land

and

Mou

nt G

ell�

rt -

Sa-

Mar

gare

t Is

land

and

Mou

nt G

ell�

rt -

Sa-

cred

Site

s in

Med

ieva

l and

Ear

ly M

oder

n Bu

da

Sand

is L

aim

e: L

ivon

ian

Off e

ring

Cave

in L

atvi

a: fr

om a

Sa-

Livo

nian

Offe

ring

Cave

in L

atvi

a: fr

om a

Sa-

cred

Pla

ce to

Tou

rist D

estin

atio

nTõ

nno

Jonu

ks: B

iogr

aphi

es a

nd c

ontin

uity

of s

acre

d pl

aces

in

Est

onia

Kare

n St

ark:

Fro

m H

oly

Obj

ects

to S

acre

d Sp

aces

: Mak

ing

Mar

ian

Sanc

tuar

ies

in 1

4th c

. Hun

gary

disc

ussio

n

Chri

stia

n sp

atia

l sym

bolis

atio

n II

(Ses

sion

Chai

r: Ka

tarin

a Bo

tić)

Dan

ko D

ujm

ović

: Th

e di

strib

utio

n an

d sp

atia

l ar

rang

e-Th

e di

strib

utio

n an

d sp

atia

l ar

rang

e-m

ent o

f the

pat

ron

sain

ts in

the

Zagr

eb b

isho

pric

acc

ordi

ng

to a

list

of p

aris

h ch

urch

es d

atin

g fr

om 1

334

Maj

a Ce

peti

ć Ro

gić:

St J

ohn

and

Ivan

ić. E

ccle

sia,

vill

a, c

omi-

St Jo

hn a

nd Iv

anić

. Ecc

lesi

a, v

illa,

com

i-ta

tus,

insu

la

Ivan

a Pe

škan

, Ves

na P

ascu

ttin

i–Ju

raga

: For

min

g of

Cul

-tu

ral L

ands

cape

thro

ugh

the

Net

wor

k of

Sac

ral B

uild

ings

in

the

Valle

y of

the

Rive

r Bed

nja

Silv

ija P

isk:

The

Ble

ssed

Virg

in M

ary

on G

arić

disc

ussio

n

17:5

5-18

:10

Clos

ing

of th

e Co

nfer

ence

Jura

j Bel

aj

48

3nd International Conference of Mediaeval Archaeology

Narrati ves and practi ces in the sacralisati on of space

Naracije i prakse u sakralizaciji prostora

Antonia Vodanović, Ivan HuljevHouses and Paths from Podgora: a Case of Landscape Sacralization

Numerous cases of private and public space sacralization were recorded throughout the history of Christianity. These include erection of chapels and crosses along the paths, building chapels in or adjacent to private homes as acts of piety, as well as sacralization of profane spaces by means of images of saints, icons, statues, crosses and other pious paraphernalia. This paper will examine a common but, nevertheless, scientifi cally neglected and ill-studied form of sacralization of private and public spaces, namely the tradition of carving one or several crosses on walls, lintels or doorjambs. The specifi c aim of this paper is to analyze rustic crosses carved on house walls in Podgora in the period between the 17th and 20th century. Their spatial distribution is presented, as well as similar examples of path sacralization. Crosses are carved on the outer walls of Pod-gora (Makarska Littoral) houses, with the exception of a single instance where the cross is coupled with an orante depiction resembling late medieval esthetics.The purpose of this paper is to interpret these symbols and discuss why they were carved. They can be interpreted, from the present standpoint, in terms of vernacu-lar piety, house consecration, protection of the house and its inhabitants from ma-levolent outside infl uences connected to a belief in supernatural beings, etc. The phenomenon can be interpreted from various aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to approach it from diff erent angles.

Sakralizacija prostora na primjeru podgorskih kuća i putevaKroz povijest kršćanstva zabilježeni su brojni primjeri sakralizacije privatnih i javnih prostora. Najčešće se kreću od postavljanja zavjetnih kapela i križeva uz putove, za-tim smještajem privatnih kapela za osobnu pobožnost unutar domova, ili uz kuću, kao i sakraliziranjem profanog prostora svetačkim slikama, ikonama, kipovima, križe-vima i ostalim pokretnim predmetima pobožne namjene.U ovom radu ćemo se orijentirati na jedan, iako ne rijedak, ali zato specifi čan, te u valorizaciji i znanstvenoj obradi sasvim zanemaren oblik sakralizacije privatnih i jav-nih prostora. Riječ je o tradiciji uklesavanja i urezivanja jednog ili više križeva na zid, dovratnike ili nadvratnik vrata kuće. U radu se analiziraju rustični križevi na zidovi-ma podgorskih kuća, sagrađenih u razdoblju od 17. do 20. stoljeća. Donosi se njihov topografski prikaz, kao i slični primjeri sakralizacije putova. Svi su križevi na starim kućama u mjestu Podgora (Makarsko Primorje), uklesani s vanjske strane njenih zido-

49


va, izuzev jednog primjera koji se javlja u pratnji stiliziranog oranta, u izrazu bliskog kasnosrednjovjekovnoj estetici. Cilj rada je interpretirati ove simbole i pokušati dati objašnjenje za moguće razloge njihova klesanja. Oni se danas mogu promatrati i tumačiti na više načina – u vidu pučke pobožnosti, posvete kuće, zaštita doma i obitelji od zlokobnih izvanjskih utje-caja – vezanih uz onodobna vjerovanja u nadnaravna bića, itd. Zbog brojnih moguć-nosti tumačenja ovog fenomena pristupit će mu se iz različitih perspektiva.

Cornelia FloreaPetrila Mine – Sacred underground

Petroșani Depression, watered by the Jiu Valley (Hunedoara county, Romania), spre-ads between four from the highest mountains from The Transylvanian Carpathians: Parâng, Vâlcan, Șureanu and Retezat. They provided in time perfect conditions for high quality coal formation. The development of the coal mining centers began sin-ce the mid of the nineteenth century, during the Austro-Hungarian Imperial occu-pation.The first mine opened in Jiu Valley in 1840 in Petrila. Petrila was mentioned as a pa-storal rural place first in 1499. At the middle of the nineteenth century came here Hungarian, Czech, Polish and Italian workers. The opening of the mine offered jo-bs for those “strangers”, settled in Lonea district, and for the local people from the rural neighbourhood also. This was the way how a miners’ community was born, a community with workers that had different identities, different religion, different languages and different old customs.The miners always had to face the hard work and life from the underground. In or-der to survive and to keep the faith they would exit in safe conditions, they created their own rituals. Once they entered in the coal mine, they had specific beliefs and superstitions. They make each other specific greetings at the beginning of the day work. They have their own vocabulary and they created their own legends, their own folklore. They have their own individual and collective “language”.The mine became a sacred space itself and “church” for Christian beliefs, too. The Sacred of the underground consist of surface and underworld elements and it is an important part of the miners’ life. On the 30 of October 2015 after 156 years of life, Petrila Mine has been closed.

Rudnik Petrila – sveto podzemljePetrošanski bazen, koji vodom napaja dolina rijeke Jiu (županija Hunedoara, Rumunj-ska), prostire se između četiri najveće planine transilvanijskih Karpata: Parâng, Vâl-can, Șureanu i Retezat. S vremenom, ovakva je situacija stvorila savršene uvjete za stvaranje visokokvalitetnih naslaga ugljena. Od sredine devetnaestog stoljeća, tije-kom austro-ugarske okupacije, započeo je razvoj središta iskopavanja ugljena.

Documents

Houses and Paths from Podgora: a Case of Landscape Sacralization (Sakralizacija prostora na primjeru podgorskih kuća i puteva)