POLITICAL IDEOLOGIESPREPARED FOR :MR SULEIMAN

PREPARED BY :NUR DINI IZZATIE BT ZAHARI 231740NURFATIHAH BT MOHD KHAIDZIR 233507

INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE : TUTORIAL

INTRODUCTION

POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES IS A BELIEF SYSTEM WHERE GOVERNMENT TRY TO PREPARED THE BEST TO IMPROVE SOCIETY SUCH AS THROUGH PUBLIC EVENTS, PERSONALITIES AND POLICIES.

ANTHONY DOWNS SAYS THAT POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES IS A VERBAL IMAGE OF THE GOOD SOCIETY , AND OF THE CHIEF MEANS OF CONSTRUCTING SUCH A SOCIETY .

CLASSIFICATION OF POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

LIBERALISMNEO-LIBERALISMCOMMUNISMSOCIALISMFASCISMNATIONALISMCONSERVATISMNEO-CONSERVATISM

LIBERALISM

LIBERALISM MORE TO POLITICS :

LIBERALISM EMPHASIZEZ INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND EQUALITY OF OPPURTUNITY. LIBERALISM AGREE WITH THE PRINCIPLE FREEDOM OF THOUGHT AND FREEDOM OF SPEECH, LIMITATIONS ON THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT, THE RULE OF LAW, RIGHTS INDIVIDUALS ON PRIVATE PROPERTY, FREE MARKETS AND THE RULE OF SYSTEM TRANSPARENCY.

LIBERALS SUPPORT OPEN AND FAIR ELECTION, IN WHICH ALL CITIZENS ARE ENTITLED TO EQUAL RIGHTS UNDER THE LAW.

NEO-LIBERALISMNEO-LIBERALISM MORE TO ECONOMY POWER WHICH IS :

NEO-LIBERALISM WAS A NEW UPDATE VERSION OF ECONOMIC LIBERALISM.

THEY ADVOCATED BRINGING THE GOVERNMENT BACK IN, THIS TIME TO PROTECT PEOPLE FROM A SOMETIMES UNFAIR ECONOMIC SYSTEM.

THEY MAKE SURE THAT GOVERNMENT MAINTAIN THE COMPETITION.

THEY ALSO ENSURE THAT CONSUMER NOT BEING HARMED BY UNFETTERED CAPITALISM.

COMMUNISMECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SYSTEM IN WHICH ALL (OR NEARLY ALL) PROPERTY AND RESOURCES ARE COLLECTIVELY OWNED BY A CLASSLESS SOCIETY AND NOT BY INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS.

THE MOVEMENT TO DEVELOP COMMUNISM BASED ON MARXIST-LENINIST INTERPRETATION, INFLUENCE THE HISTORY OF THE 20TH CENTURY –THEY FOLLOWED HIS IDEOLOGY.

TYPES OF COUNTRY THAT USED HIS THIS IDEOLOGY – CHINA, CUBA, LAOS, NORTH KOREA AND VIETNAM

SOCIALISMSOCIALISM IS DEFINED AS AN ECONOMIC THEORY, SYSTEM OR MOVEMENT WHERE THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF GOODS IS DONE, OWNED AND SHARED BY THE CITIZENS OF A SOCIETY.

IT’S SLIGHTLY LESS LIBERAL THAN COMMUNISM, BUT SIMILAR. IT’S GENERALLY CONSIDERED THE OPPOSITE OF CAPITALISM, WHICH IS WHERE THE GOVERNMENT LEAVES THE ECONOMY UP TO THE PEOPLE TO CONTROL.

JUST AS AREN’T TRULY CAPITALIST, MOST “COMMUNIST’ COUNTRIES ARE ACTUALLY SOCIALIST.

FASCISM

FASCISM IS A FORM OF GOVERNMENT, IN WHICH THE COUNTRY IS CONSIDERED MORE IMPORTANT THAN ANY ONE PERSON, GROUP, LIBERTY, OR PROVISION.

USUALLY THIS KIND OF GOVERNMENT RUN BY A PERSON CALLED A LEADER >> WHO HAS THE RIGHT OF TOTAL CONTROL OVER THE GOVERNMENT AND PEOPLE.

NATIONALISMNATIONALISM IS DEFINED AS BEING DEVOTED TO YOUR COUNTRY, OR THE FEELING THAT NATIONS SHOULD ACT INDEPENDENTLY INSTEAD OF WORKING TOGETHER.

AN EXAMPLE OF NATIONALISM IS THE MADE IN THE USA CAMPAIGN.

THERE ARE TWO MAIN PERSPECTIVES ON THE ORIGIN OF NATIONALISM :

1) PRIMORDIALIST PERSPECTIVES2) MODERNIST PERSPECTIVES

CONSERVATISM

CONSERVATISM IS FAVORING OLDER, KNOWN TRADITIONS AND RESISTING ANY CHANGES.

AN EXAMPLE OF CONSERVATIVE IS PREFERRING LAWS TO STAY THE SAME.

SOME CONSERVATIVES SEEK TO KEEP THINGS AS THEY ARE, WHILE OTHERS WANT A RETURN TO THE WAY THINGS WERE AT AN EARLIER TIME.

NEO-CONSERVATISMNEO-CONSERVATISM IS AN INTELLECTUAL AND POLITICAL MOVEMENT IN FAVOR OF POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL CONSERVATISM THAT AROSE IN OPPOSITION TO THE PERSEIVED LIBERALISM OF THE 1960S.

THE TERM “NEO-CONSERVATIVE” REFERS TO THOSE WHO MADE THE IDEOLOGICAL JOURNEY FROM THE ANTI-STALINIST LEFT TO THE CAMP OF AMERICAN CONSERVATISM.

THANK YOU