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© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1
Software Software
• A set of instructions that tells the computer A set of instructions that tells the computer what to dowhat to do
• Two main types of softwareTwo main types of software– System softwareSystem software– Application softwareApplication software
System SoftwareApplication Software
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2
System Software vs. System Software vs. Application SoftwareApplication Software
System SoftwareSystem Software• Coordinates instructions Coordinates instructions
between software & between software & hardwarehardware
• IncludesIncludes– Operating systemOperating system– Utility programsUtility programs
Application SoftwareApplication Software• Programs used to Programs used to
complete taskscomplete tasks
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 3
Productivity SoftwareProductivity Software
– Word processing Word processing programsprograms
– Spreadsheet programsSpreadsheet programs– Presentation programsPresentation programs
– DatabaseDatabase programsprograms
– Personal information Personal information manager programsmanager programs
• Programs that enable you to perform tasks Programs that enable you to perform tasks required in home, school, and business required in home, school, and business
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 4
Integrated Software Applications Integrated Software Applications
Integrated ApplicationsIntegrated Applications• Single program that Single program that
incorporates many incorporates many software programssoftware programs
• Complex features are not Complex features are not includedincluded
• Easier to learnEasier to learn• Good for home useGood for home use• CheaperCheaper
ExamplesExamples• Microsoft WorksMicrosoft Works• AppleWorksAppleWorks• AppleWorks for WindowsAppleWorks for Windows
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 5
Software SuitesSoftware Suites
Software SuitesSoftware Suites• Programs bundled Programs bundled
togethertogether• Cheaper than buying Cheaper than buying
individuallyindividually• For professional useFor professional use
ExamplesExamples• Microsoft OfficeMicrosoft Office• WordPerfect OfficeWordPerfect Office• Lotus SmartsuiteLotus Smartsuite
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 6
Software MarketsSoftware Markets
• Mass marketMass market– sell millions, low costsell millions, low cost
• Vertical market Vertical market – single industrysingle industry
• Proprietary softwareProprietary software– Custom developedCustom developed
• very expensivevery expensive
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 7
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 8
Adobe AcrobatAdobe Acrobat
•Portable document format (PDF)
•Displays documents same on screen as on paper
•On any computer!
•Windows file extension is .pdf
•Acrobat Reader is installed on most computers
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 9
Graphics and Multimedia SoftwareGraphics and Multimedia Software
• Used to create and design documents, Used to create and design documents, images, illustrations, Web pages, and images, illustrations, Web pages, and moremore
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10
Desktop Publishing SoftwareDesktop Publishing Software
• Used to arrange text and graphics for Used to arrange text and graphics for publicationspublications
• Features includeFeatures include– Text formattingText formatting– File importingFile importing– Graphics toolsGraphics tools
• Example: Example: – Quark XpressQuark Xpress– Adobe InDesignAdobe InDesign
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 11
Painting SoftwarePainting Software
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Pixels: tiny dots of white, black or color arranged on the screen
Bit-Mapped Graphics: pictures that are simple maps showing how the pixels should be arranged on the screen
J a r g o n
Resolution: the number of pixels (dots) per inch
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 12
Painting SoftwarePainting Software
•Use pointing devices Use pointing devices to “paint” objects, to “paint” objects, shapes or freehand shapes or freehand script on the screenscript on the screen•Bit-mapped graphicsBit-mapped graphics•e.g. Microsoft Painte.g. Microsoft Paint
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 13
Digital Image Editing:Digital Image Editing:Photographic Editing by ComputerPhotographic Editing by Computer
Why Digital Imaging Software?Why Digital Imaging Software?
Provides a powerful way to edit high resolution images captured by digital cameras and scanners
Offers a way to touch up pictures and make them look more professional and polished
Allows photographs to be edited and combined (think of the supermarket tabloids)
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 14
Digital Image EditingDigital Image Editing
Start with this photo…
Combine it with other images to create this… Or this…
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 15
Digital Image Editing:Digital Image Editing:SoftwareSoftware
Adobe PhotoshopAdobe Photoshop
Acquires images
Manipulates pixels
Layers – edited and stored independently
Used by professionals
Saves in other formats
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 16
Digital Image Editing:Digital Image Editing:Consumer SoftwareConsumer Software
Adobe Photoshop Elements
Jasc Paint Shop
Coral PhotoPaint
Microsoft Picture It!
Apple iPhoto
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 17
Drawing SoftwareDrawing Software
• Used to create and editUsed to create and edit– Two-dimensional drawingsTwo-dimensional drawings– Technical diagramsTechnical diagrams– AnimationsAnimations– Geometric shapesGeometric shapes
• Illustration softwareIllustration software• ExamplesExamples
– Adobe IllustratorAdobe Illustrator– Microsoft VisioMicrosoft Visio
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 18
Drawing:Drawing:Object-Oriented GraphicsObject-Oriented Graphics
Object-Oriented Object-Oriented Software offers Software offers drawing tools drawing tools similar to painting similar to painting softwaresoftware
Pointing devices are used to create various shapes
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 19
DrawingDrawing
Shapes in Object-Oriented Software:Shapes in Object-Oriented Software:
– Are stored as formulas (not pixels) that describe how to draw that shape
– Drawings are smoother and require less memory than bit-mapped drawings
– Resolution is not fixed
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 20
Drawing: SoftwareDrawing: Software
• Adobe IllustratorAdobe Illustrator
• Corel DrawCorel Draw
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 21
Painting PixelsPainting Pixels vsvs..Drawing Object ShapesDrawing Object Shapes
When When paintingpainting with with pixels:pixels:
– Use to embellishUse to embellishphotographic imagesphotographic images
– Use for simulatingUse for simulatingnatural paint medianatural paint media
– More control More control over textures, shading, over textures, shading, and fine detailand fine detail
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 22
Painting PixelsPainting Pixels vsvs..Drawing Object ShapesDrawing Object Shapes
When When drawingdrawing object object shapes:shapes:
– shapes and lines are shapes and lines are cleaner and cleaner and smoothersmoother
– use for creating use for creating printed graphs, printed graphs, charts, and charts, and illustrations illustrations
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23
Graphics File FormatsGraphics File Formats
• Tiff: bit-mapped, images from scanners, widely supported
• EPS: encapsulated postscript
• Native file formatsNative file formats
• For commercial printingFor commercial printing
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 24
Graphics File FormatsGraphics File Formats
• BMP – Windows bit-map
• PICT – Macintosh, both bit-mapped and object-oriented
Platform dependent Paint programsPlatform dependent Paint programs
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 25
Graphics File Formats:Graphics File Formats:for the WEBfor the WEB
GIF • 256 possible
colours• Lossless
compression
JPEG • Photo-realistic• Lossy compression
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 26
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 27
Computer-Aided Design SoftwareComputer-Aided Design Software
• Used to create 3-D Used to create 3-D automated designs, automated designs, technical drawings, technical drawings, and model and model visualizationsvisualizations
• Industrial use Industrial use includesincludes– ArchitectureArchitecture– AutomotiveAutomotive– AerospaceAerospace– Medical engineeringMedical engineering
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 28
Video-Editing SoftwareVideo-Editing Software
• Used to edit digital Used to edit digital videosvideos
• Features includeFeatures include– Special effectsSpecial effects– TransitionsTransitions– Narration/voiceoverNarration/voiceover– OverlaysOverlays
• ExamplesExamples– Adobe PremiereAdobe Premiere– Microsoft Movie MakerMicrosoft Movie Maker
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 29
Web Page Authoring SoftwareWeb Page Authoring Software
• Used to design Web Used to design Web pages: knowing pages: knowing HTML is not HTML is not necessarynecessary
• Features includeFeatures include– Wizards and Wizards and
templatestemplates– Reference materialsReference materials
• ExamplesExamples– Microsoft FrontPageMicrosoft FrontPage– Adobe DreamweaverAdobe Dreamweaver
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 30
Digital Audio SoftwareDigital Audio Software
• MP3: Audio MP3: Audio compression formatcompression format
• Software allows you Software allows you to record, rip, and to record, rip, and burn filesburn files
• Also allows you to Also allows you to perform format perform format conversionconversion
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 31
Buying SoftwareBuying Software
• Preinstalled softwarePreinstalled software• Software may be purchased throughSoftware may be purchased through
– Retail storesRetail stores– OnlineOnline
• Student discounted softwareStudent discounted software
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 32
SharewareShareware
• Software that allows Software that allows users to run it for a users to run it for a limited time free of limited time free of chargecharge
• Then pay for itThen pay for it
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 33
FreeFree
• Free trial from Free trial from manufacturer’s manufacturer’s websitewebsite
• Beta versions: Beta versions: Programs that are still Programs that are still under development under development
© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 34
FreeFree
• Freeware: Freeware: Copyrighted software Copyrighted software you can get for freeyou can get for free
• Alternative software: Alternative software: Evans, page 276Evans, page 276
• Open SourceOpen Source