ဦးစံ၀င္း(သမိုင္းသုေတသန) - သု၀ဏၰဘူမိသုေတသန

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OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )

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kyfvHk;? kyfwk? kyf

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ok0Pblrd okawoe

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ok0Pblrd trnfwGifyHk

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r[mZeu Zmwfawmfax&0g'Ak'bmom0ifwdkY\ r[mAk'0ifZmwfawmfBuD;rsm;rS r[mZeuZmwfawmfudk tuRrf;w0if&SdMu

NyD;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;tavmif;awmf r[mZeurif;om;onf crnf;awmfrif;BuD; \ xD;arGeef;arGudkjyefvnf&tHhaomiSm rdcifxHrS&wemypnf;xuf0ufrQudk awmif;,lpD;yGm; &Sm&eftwGuf ukefonfwdkYESifhtwlavSoabFmpD; ok0PblrdokdYukeful;&eftoGm;? c&D;wGif oabFmysufcJh&onf/ if;ZmwfawmfygVdbmomt|uxmusrf;wGif

wHye*a[wGm? ok0Pblrd H*Em"[k"eH tm[&dwGm/

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&ZH *PSdmrDwd? aomOyHtm[&maywGm/

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r[mZeuysKdUvnf; vuFmoGm;jzihf odkYpyfqdkxm;&mOpmrnfrsm;? onfoHk;yg;wGif?&Sifhom;w0uf? r,fw0ufwnfh?csdefpufrQap? cGJa0NyD;vQif?yifv,fcGif? oHk;yifwdkifBuD;?

oabFmpD;? ESD;ESD;ET,fET,f?

acgufjcif;

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tma&mydw ba@g em0H tbdk[d/em0gr[mork'H taZs*ga[wGm/

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r[mork'H w&dwkumarmwdok0Pblrd H tEKHem0g,

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uJhodkY r[mork'&mudkul; ok0Pblrdt&yfodkYoGm;aom&[ef;wdkYtm;vnf; tmywfroifh[k(ygpdwsm'dt|uxm) (em0gbdk[e odudKye) tcef;wGifodkhzGifhqdkxm;ygonf/

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ok0Pblrd H0g *pwd wmydtemywd/if;jrefrmjyefrSm -

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tMuif&[ef;wyg;onfvnf; r[mwdwqdyfurf;em;rS umrvdwdodkYvnf;aumif;? ok0PblrdodkYvnf;aumif;oGm;av\/ xdk&[ef;tm;vnf; tmywfroifh[ljzpfygonf/

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Zmwu t|uxm

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if;jrefrmjyef-

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rdvdEymygVdawmf

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if;jrefrmjyefrSm -

rdvdErif;BuD;-Oyrmtm;jzifh Opm&SdaomavSolBuD;onfqdyfurf;em;tcGefxkwfudk ausatmifaqmifr[mork'&modkY0if (oufqif;) 0*Fwdkif; (A*Fvm;) odkYvnf;aumif;? waumwdkif;okdYvnf;aumif;? pdefYwdkif;

(wkwfjynf) odkYvnf;aumif;? aom0D&wkdif;odkYvnf;aumif;? ol&wdkif;odkYvnf;aumif;? tvoEwdkif;odkYvnf;aumif;? aumvr#ewdkif;odkYvnf;aumif;? ok0PblrdodkYvnf;aumif;? oGm;ouJhodkY qdktyfNyD;onfrSwyg; trSwfr&Sdaomwdkif;okdY avSjzifhvSnfUvnfoGm;vmjcif;[l azmfjyxm;onfudk awGY&ygonf/

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rnf? naornfrod? rjrifEdkif (37) ESpfMumrS pG,fawmfudk udk;uG,f&[efr&Sd} [k pdwfu&SdaMumif;udkbk&m;&Sifodawmfrlonf/ odkhjzpf bk&m;&Sif\ kyfwkawmfudk vkyfudk;uG,f&efcGifh jyKawmfrlonf/ &ufvnfatmifaeawmfrl bk&m;a&SYawmfwGif a&Tqif;wkudk bk&m;udk,fawmftwdkif;oGef; oD[&mZmrif;udk;uG,f&onf[kqdkonf/ (oxHk&mZm0if? pm- 61-2) (rSef&mZm0if? pm-4-5)

qHawmf? kyfyGm;awmf? "gwfawmfrsm; Xmyem apwDwnfMujcif;

wd"roD[&mZmrif;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ qHawmfESpfqludk ok0PblrdjynftwGif; ou&mZf111 ckESpfrSmyif Xmyem apwDawmfwnfvkyfudk;uG,fonf/ (,ck a&Tpm&HapwD[k trnfwGifonf/)

xdkaemuf ou&mZf 148 ck? tZmwowfrif;NzdKaomESpf? bk&m;y&dedAmef pHvGefawmfrlaom tcg?oGm;awmf "gwfawmf 33 qludk txufAsm'dwfpum;twdkif; *0Hywd&[EmydkYay;vmojzifh? 4if;ESpftwGif;rSmyifwd"roD[&mZmrif;onf oGm;awmf 33 qlwdkYudk rdzk&m; 33 yg;? wpfyg;vQif wpfqluspDay;tyf?ausmufapwD 33 qlwnfvkyfap\/ (OD;a&Taemf? pm -24)

*p*D&dawmifu wdukrm&&aohonf rdrd&aom bk&m;&Sif qHawmfwpfqludk *p*D&dawmifxdyftpGef;wGif Xmyemvdkonfjzpf oD[&mZmrif;ESifh wdkifyifNyD;? bdeyfawmf (10) awmif apwDwnfvkyfonf/xdkapwDtapmifhtxdef;vl tdrfaygif; 50 udk (oD[&mZmrif;u) awmifajc&if;wGif &Gmwnfvkyfap\/4if;&Gm trnfum; ]uGrf;Zdkif;usyf}wGif\/ jrefrmjyefaom uGrf; = &Gm/ Zdkif; = ajc/ usyf ^ usmuf = bk&m;]bk&m;ajc (&if;) &Gm}[kqdk\/ xdk&Gmtrnfudk pGJNyD;vQif aemufom;? aemufajr;wdkYu ]Zdkif;usyf} &Gmudk]Zif;usKduf&Gm}[kvnf;aumif;? bk&m;udkvnf; Zif;usKdufbk&m;[kvnf;aumif; rrSefruefac:Mu\/ 4if;bk&m;apwD\ rlvbGJYawmfrSm ]usKdufajAmfewf}ac:\/ jrefrmbmomjyefaomf usKduf = bk&m;/ ajAmf =rdef;r/ ewf = e*g;/ ]e*g; rdef;rbk&m;} ]e*g;rbk&m;} [k qdk\/ awmiftrnfrSm ]*p*D&d} [k rlvtrnfwGifae\/(OD;a&Taemf? pm- 24-25) odkhaomfvnf;? aemiftcg Zif;usKdufawmif[kyifac:Muawmhonf/

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AE0*D&dawmifae oD[ukrm& &aohuvnf;? rdrd&&Sdxm;aom qHawmfwpfqludk rdrdoDwif;oHk;aeaomawmifxdyftpGef;wGif Xmyemvdkojzifh aumZmou&mZf 113 ckESpf aemifawmf wdukrm&&aoh? wlawmf

ok0Pblrdbk&ifwdkYESifh wdkifyifNyD; qHawmfudkXmyem\/ AE0*D&dawmif bk&m;[kyif ac:Mu\/ usKdufajAmfewfapwDESifh t&G,fwlyifjzpfonf/ AE0*D&dawmifajc&if;rSm avS? oabFmrsm; rMumrMumcdkuyf csDaESmifwwfMuaomaMumifh (xdkpOfu oHvGifjrpfaMumif;onf awmifajc&if;rS pD;qif;cJhzl;[efwl\) rGefvlwdkYu ]'dk;u&G,fuyef}ac:Mu\/ ]oabFmcsnf aomawmif} [kt"dyg,f&? bk&m;udkvnf; ]usKduf*&G,fuyef}? ]oabFmcsnfaombk&m;} [k ac:Muonf/ umva&GUavsm ]*&G,fuyef} rS ]ZGJuAef}? ]ZGJuyif} jzpfvmcJhonf/(OD;a&Taemf? pm- 26)

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usefaom qHawmfESpfqlteufwpfqludk odMum;rif;u 'dk;cvGef;awmifxdyfwpfql awmifxdyfausmufudkxGif; Xmyemay;\/ wdkuvm;NrdKYoay:rif;ESifh vltaygif;wdkYu bdeyfawmftawmif (50) apwDwnfvkyfMu\/ rGefbmom ]usKdufauom&} ac:\/ wdkuvm;NrdKYoay:rif;wnf ]usKdufoDvay: } vnf;ac:\/

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trnf&SdaomawmifwGif odMum;rif;Xmyemay;jyef\/ qHawmfXmyemaom ausmufwHk;ay:u apwDi,fwpfqludk'g,umwdkYuwnfvkyfudk;uG,fMu\/ bGJYtrnfrSm ]usKdufukodem&H}ac:\/

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rJvHawmifum; bD;vif;NrdKYe,f? ,if;tkH&Gmtxuf bD;vif;acsmif;rucGJoGm;aom rJvHacsmif;ajrmufbuf&Sdonf/ a&S;u em*yAwawmifjzpf\/ awmifay: ausmufwHk;BuD;oHk;vHk;&Sd\/ tay:ausmufvHk;udk

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aqmifcJawmifum; auvmoawmifapwDawmf\ ta&SUajrmufbuf? oJjzLacsmif;urf; em;wGif&Sd\/]tvl;} &GmESifheD;onf/ xdkawmifrS tvuy&aohonf rdrd&aomqHawmfwpfqludk awmifpGef;ay: Xmyemvdkwdkufukvm;NrdKU oay:rif;ESifhwkdifyifNyD; ou&mZf 113 ckESpftwGif; aqmifcJawmifpGef;ay:wGif XmyemMu\/

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rGwfvtdawmifonf armfvNrdKifNrKdUrS txufydkif;a[mifoa&macsmif;zsm;wGif usdwfNrKdU&Sd\/ 4if;usdwfNrdKU

ta&SUwnfhwnfh c&D;wmaygif;wpfaomif;ESpfaxmif (rkdif 50 cefY ) tuGm&Sd\/ xdkawmifxdyf rGwfvtdbk&m;apwD&Sd\/ rGwfvtdawmifwGif oDwif;oHk;aeaom tvuy&Sif &aohonf rdrd&cJhaom qHawmfudkwifhw,fpGmXmyemvkd usdwf? awmifbdkYtp&Sdaom a[mif oa&macsmif;zsm;wpfavQmuf tkyfpdk;aomukvmykrif;ESifhwkdifyifNyD;

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rGwfvtdawmifrS awmifbufc&D;jrefrmoHk;wkdif (6 rkdif) tuGm? ewfbDvl;awmif [kac:aomawmif&Sd\/ xdkawmifrS ta&SYpl;pl;&SpfrdkifcefYtuGmwGif rGwfvtyfawmifBuD;&Sd\/ xdkawmifudk ,dk;',m;&Srf;wdkYuydkif\/ 4if;rGwfvtyfawmif oDwif;oHk;aom em&'&Sif&aohonf ok0PblrdoxHkjynf jrwfpGmbk&m;

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t"dyg,f&onf/ ,ckausmufaqmifay:rS a&v,fbk&m;r[kwfay/ (OD;a&Taemf? pm .41)bD;vif;e,fZkwfokwft&yfonf bk&m;ryGifhrSDumv ewfbDvl;rsm;aeaom uRef;jzpf\/ ok0PblrdodkY

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pd&HapwD (a&Tpm&H) udk xyfrHjyKjyifcJhonf/ xdkrif; rdzk&m;BuD; ok0Pa'0DrSm yxrt&G,fwGif om;awmf?orD;awmfrjrifacs/ rif;BuD;onf xD;arGeef;arGqufcHolr&Sd olqif;&J orD;wpfa,mufudk rdzk&m;ajrmuf&m(ok'0Hoa'0D) bJGJY&\/ om;awmfwpfyg;? orD;awmfESpfyg; tpOftwdkif;bGm;jrif\/ om;awmfudk &mZ0HotuFk&ukrmtrnfay;onf/ orD;awmftBuD;udk pEmoD&d? ti,fudk eef;OD;oD&d bGJYawmfrsm;ay;onf/

xdkok0Prif;BuD;vufxuf rZ dra'orS toQifr[dEESif h toQifaomPpaom &[Emig;yg;

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xdkok0P&mZmrif;BuD;\ rdzk&m;BuD;ok0Pa'0DrSm t&G,fvGefrSom;awmfESpfyg;udk tpOftwdkif;bGm;jrifjyefonf/ rif;BuD;u rif;rsKd;-rif;EG,frSefaom awmifeef;pHrdzk&m;BuD;rS om;awmfrsm;bGm;jrifjcif; aemuf

usavpG[k oHa0*&om;BuD;udk Oya'0&mZmoHa0? om;i,fudk O'dE&mZmoHa0[k trnftoD;oD;ay;onf/rdzk&m;i,frSarG;aom om;awmfBuD;tuFk&rif;om;onf rif;pnf;pdrfudkrufarmNyD; crnf;awmfrif;BuD;

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w&m;q,fyg;? o*F[w&m;av;yg;paom aumif;aomtrlt&mwdkYudk tvHk;pHkpGefYvsuf rw&m;aomtrIudkjyKonf/ crnf;awmfESifhwuG bdk;avmif;awmf? ab;avmif;awmfwdkY aumif;rI apwDykxdk;rsm;udkvnf;NzdKzsufXmyemwdkuftwGif;&Sd a&TaiG&wemOpmESifhwuG kyfwk-qif;wkrsm;udk ,liifoHk;pGJjcif;jyKav\/ txl;ojzifhab;avmif;awmf wd"roD[&mZmrif;rSp crnf;awmfok0Prif;BuD;vufxuftxd rif;wdkYtrSefoGif;ESHXmyemcJhaom pd&HapwD (a&Tpm&H) twGif;&Sd Xmyemypnf;rsm;udk NzdKzsufxkwf,loHk;pGJavonf/ if;ESifhtwltdrfa&SYt&mcefYxm;aom OD;&D;awmfESifhwuG aoemywdrSL;rwfwdkYvnf; rw&m;usifhMu olawmfw&m;ysufjym;Muaomtcg ewfwdkYonf;rcHEdkifMuojzifh rdk;BudK;ypfjcif;? avmifrD;usjcif;? ajrBuD;tufysKd ajrrsKdjcif; ponfjzifhtuFk&ESifhwuG rw&m;usifholwdkYaoMuavukef\/ odMum;rif;ESifh &aohjrwfwdkYzefqif; wnfaxmif ay;cJhaomNrdKYawmfwGif roifhravsmfusifhBuHMuaomaMumifh rif;ESifhwuG NrdKYudkajrNrdKavonf/ (OD;ynm? pm .66-73)

yrok0Pblrd - ok"ryl&NrdKY

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uwdkufBuD; NrdKYa[mif; ESifU eef;awmf&mukef;

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trnf&Sdaom rkqdk;\q&monfMum;od jynfh&Sifrif;xHyefMum;NyD; c&rf;uapmhyifudk pnfvkyfonf/ zm;\om;a&udk pnfrsufESmusufonf/ jcaoFhom;a&udk BudK;jyKpnfBuD;udkcwfonf/ jcaoFh\vufHk;dk;udk pnfvufcwfjyKonf/ odkYpDrHNyD;vQif rif;BuD;tm;qufavonf/

pnfudk wD;cwfaomtcg toHMum;olxD;jzLaqmif;rif;wdkYonf raeEdkif orD;unm? &wema&TaiGay;qufvmMu&onf/ xdktcg rif;onfaysmufqHk;aom ywjrm;&wemaMumifh pdk;&drfjcif;uif;av wpfzef&J&ifhjcif;owd&SdvmaomaMumifh r[maomu[laom trnfaysmuf auo&mZmbGJYtrnfa[mif;wGifjyefonf/auo&mZmrif;tedpa&mufvQif

43/ om;? red&mZm 50/ om;? Ow r&mZm

44/ om;? wu&mZm 51/ om;? oD&d"r&mZm45/ om;? uko&mZm 52/ om;? r[mpdw&mZm46/ om;? Ze'dA&mZm 53/ om;? 0E&mZm47/ om;? okvk&mZm 54/ om;? Z,okre&mZm48/ om;? pdw&mZm 55/ om;? 0'u&mZm49/ om;? 'DC&mZm 56/ om;? tZdP&mZm

rif;jyK\/ xdkrif;vufxufwGif ol&JBuD;? ykwfBuD;? ykwfi,fESpfa,muf&Sdonf/ (rGef&mZ0ifwGif ol&JBuD;?y&wfBuD;? y&wfi,f[l azmfjyonf/ if; pm 11) jAwf0d? jAw[kac:aom ol&JBuD;rsm;yifjzpfMu\/(oxHk&mZ0if? pm .96-100)

xdkrif;tedpjzpfvQif

57/ om;? O'dE&mZm rif;jyK\/ rif; 48 quf (wkdufukvm;e,f? ok"r0wDrif;qufrsm;ryg) wGifok"r0wDNrdKUpnfyifom,monf/ omoemawmfxGef;awmufy a&Tausmif;? a&TZ&yf ? a&Tjy'fapwD?kyfwkqif;wkawmfrsm;? y#dywdESifhjynfhpHkaom &[ef;ynm&Sd? ykPm;? aA'ifwwf vlynm&SdoljrwfwdkYESifhjynhfpHkjyefhyGm;jcif;ESifhwuG wm0wd HomuJhodkY Nidrf;csrf;om,m0ajympGm&Sdavonf/ (rGef&mZ0if? pm .11)

O'dE&mZmrif;tedpa&mufvQif-

58/ om;? rEk[mrif;onf touf 18 ESpf&Sd rif;jyKonf/

xdkrif;vufxufwGif q'gefqifrsKd;csnf;ESifESifjzpfaom qifjzLawmfoHk;q,fhESpfpD; &awmfrlonf/xdkrif;onf ]oD&dBwdb0em"dwsmy0& "r&mZm} [laom bGJYtrnfudkcH bdodufcHvsufrif;jyK\/ bdk;awmftZdPrif;ESihf crnf;awmfO'dErif;wdkYcsD;ajrmufolaumif;jyKcJhaom ol&JBuD; ukvm;nDaemif jAuf0d? jAwwdkYkudkvnf;txufuenf;wl NrdKYpm;? &Gmpm;ay; csD;yifhapvsuf trIxrf;aponf/ ab;avmif;awmf auo&mZmrif;BuD;vufxufu&aom &eftaygif;udkatmifEdkifaom zm;pnfawmfBuD;udkvnf;&awmfrlonf/

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oxHkysuf&onfU taMumif;t&if;

xdktcg ytm0eNrdKY rif;BuD;xHorD;unmvufaqmifyEmquf o&efawmif;onf/ ytm0erif;vnf;orD;awmfudkrvTJomay;&awmhrnfh tcsdefwGiforD;udkac: rEk[mrif;onf ukvm;nDaemifvlpGrf;aumif;jAwf0d? jAwESpfa,mufESifh zm;pnfBuD;? qifjzLawmf (32) pD;wdkY\ wefckd;aMumifh bkef;wefcdk;tmabmfBuD;rckcH? raeomvSyJ? orD;awmfudkquf&awmhrnf/ xdkrEk[mrif; tcspftcifBuD;vQif zm;pnfBuD;ESifh ol&JBuD;jAwf0d?jAwwdkhaysmufysuf zsufqD;&atmifvHkhvjyKyg/ odkYaysmufysufvQif trsKd;wumudk Nidrf;atmifjyKonfvnf;rnfonf/ ig\orD;onfvnf; rdbxHwpfzefjyef a&muf&awmhrnf[k rSmvdkuf orD;udkay;qufvdkuf\/

ytm0erif;orD;vnf; ok0Pblrdjynf rEk[mrif;xHa&mufvQif rdzk&m;jzpf rEk[mrif;u cspfcif?

arwmBuD;aMumif;udk ytm0erdzk&m;odavvQif rdef;rwdkY\rm,mtm;jzifh crnf;awmfrSmvdkufonfh pum;twdkif;tm;xkwfBuHpnfBudK;pm;av\/

ytm0eNrdKYonf ,cktcg 'kef&if;[kac:aomt&yfteD;&Sdaom NrdKYa[mif;? NrdKYysufyifjzpfonf/ AEm*D&d(ZJGuyif)awmif\teD;&Sdaom awmBuD;udk a&S;u ytm0e-ytm0kPfawmBuD; [kac:onf/ xdkawmwnfaxmifaom NrdKYudkvnf; ytm0eNrdKY[lyifac:onf/ ytm0eNrdKY&ma[mif;udk 'kef&if;[kac:MuNyD;aemufxdkytm0e[laomtrnfa[mif;onf rlvNrdKY&ma[mif;\ taemufajrmufteD;&Sd zm;tH(bm;tH) [kac:aomt&yfodkYa&mufonf/ xdkbm;tHtrnfonf ytm0eNrdKYtrnfa[mif;jzpfonf/ (OD;ynm? pm .106)

ol&JBuD;nDaemifwdkYonfvnf; rif;oHk;qufajrmufatmif olrwlaompGrf;&nfowdESifh jynfhpHk

rmefrmeaxmifvTm;vsuf&SdMu\/ Aswf0donf oxHkNrdKY0ef\ orD;rtdkpmudk r,m;jyKonf/ rtdkpmu MunfjzLojzifh tjypfrjzpfay/ nDi,fAswu 0if;awmfrSL;orD;rapmeef;udk,lonf/ xdkrapmeef;um;Aswudk rESpfoufojzifU eef;awmfwGif;odkh0if; ytm0erdzk&m;BuD;xH cHpm;NyD;vQif Aswtm; raumif;BuHawmhonf/

ytm0erdzk&m;BuD;vnf; rif;BuD;urdrdtm; cspfMunfav;jrwfonfudk tcGifhaumif;,l ukvm;nDaemifwdkYonf rif;BuD;udkvnf;ta&;rjyK? eef;awmfxJ0if rdzk&m;armif;rwdkYudk usL;vGefapmfum;aMumif;? r,HkvQifNrdKY0efESifh 0if;awmfrSL;ygppfar;awmfrlyg[k avQmuf\/ xdkokdYtBudrfBudrf*kef;acsmpum;jzifh ajymqdkzefrsm;vQifrSL;awmfrwfawmfwdkYukd ar;jref;&mtrIxif&Sm;ojzifh rdzk&m;pum;atmifavonf/

oxHkrif;rEk[mvnf; ukvm;nDaemifudkzrf;ap\/ tpfudkudkrdvQifowfav\/ nDi,frlum; oxHkjynfrS

xGufajy; yk*g&mr (yk*H) odkYa&mufvQif taemf&xmrif;apmxH cpm;\/rEk[mrif;vnf; jAwf0dtavmif;udk ya&m*pD&if jrKyfav\/ xdkaeYrSp oxHkNrdKYudk &eftaygif;wdkY

rvIyfacsmufjcm;EdkifyJjzpf\/

ytm0erdzk&m;onf zm;pnfBuD;udkzsufqD;&ef tBuHjyKjyef\/ ,HkMunf&oludk wHpdk;vufaqmifay;apcdkif;onf/ xdkolonf reD;ra0;t&yfwnf;cdkNyD; vl,HkMunfatmif ynm&Sdta,mifaqmif a[majymvsufaeonf/ ausmfapmxif&Sm; vlwdkYqnf;uyfudk;uG,fonfhtcg rif;BuD;xHa&mufvmonf/ rEk[mrif;BuD;vnf;xdkoludk,HkMunfvmonf/ xdktcg zm;pnfBuD;a[mif;EGrf;vSaomaMumifh wefckd;tmPmaumif;pGm r&Sdjzpfaeygonf/ tu,f zm;pnfBuD;udkzsufNyD; EGm;eufa&jzifhjyif usuf&vQif a&S;uxuf wHcdk;BuD;rnf[k

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avQmuf\/ xdkolawmfa&mif vlpOf;vJ\pum;udk vkdufem bdk;avmif;awmfwdkh\vufxufrS zm;&nfpnfBuD;udkzsuf EGm;eufa&udkxnfhaponf/ xdkzm;a&udk zsufonfrSp rEk[mrif;BuD;wefcdk;tmPm,kwfavsmhav\/

olawmfa,mif ipOf;vJvnf;xGuf ajy;wdrf;a&Smifav\/ok"r0wDjynfh&Sifrif; bkef;tmPmedrfhvsuf aus;vuf&Gmjynf rk'def;xlxyf tiwftrGwfBuD;onf/

t&d,moHCmawmfwdkYvnf; vGifhjym;av\/

wpfyg;aom omraPrSm t&dr'emyl& yk*HNrdKY\e,fy,fodkYa&mufojzifh rkqdk;wpfa,mufuawGYavxdkomraPtm; tEkk'a'0rif;odkY qufonf/ xdkrif;onf &wemoHk;yg; txl;ESpfoufygaomfvnf;y&d,wdooemawmftrSefudk rMum;em&ao; tvZD&[ef;wdkYESifhom ae&avonf/ oxHkjynfonf

omoemwnf yd#uwfwwfajrmufaom &[ef;awmftrsm;&SdaMumif; omraPxHrSMum;od&vQif omoemawmfudk taMumif;jyK ppfonfAkdvfygrsm;ESifh ok"r0wDodkYcsDwufNyD; wpfq,fhwpfvvkyfBuHvQif oxHkjynfysufav\/

(oxHk&m Z0if? pm .108-110)

rGef&mZ0if

oxHkNrdKYysuf&aMumif;udk rGef&mZ0ifwGif atmufygtwkdif;azmfjyxm;onfudk awGY&\/

oxHkNrdKYonf omoemawmfwnf "E"l&? 0dyem"l&udk usifhaom&[ef;rsm;&SdaMumif;? &wemoHk;yg;? pG,fawmf"gwfawmfrsm;&SdaMumif;? yd#uwfawmfrsm;&SdaMumif;? omoemawmfwnfrnfudkvnf; taMumif;jyK ppfav;rsufESmAdkvfygtrsm;ESifh odE0 jrif;udkpD; ok"r0wDNrdKYukda&muf &JrufwdkYonf wq,fhwpfv0ef;&HaerS NrdKYysufavonf/ tEkk'ga'0rif;vnf; rEk[mrif;udk oHusKdifvkyf csnfaESmif? avSmiftdrf

ESifh,lcJhonf/ trwfrsm;udkvnf; NrJNrHatmif? qdkifoihfooludktyf ,lcJhonf/ *E'l&? 0dyem'l&udkusifhaqmifaom &[ef;? oDv0k'd? *kP0k'd&Sdaom &[ef;? yd#uwfwwfaom&[ef; jrwf&maqmif&GufaA'ifav;yHkwwfaomykPm;? AdaEmybkwf usrf;*Hwwfaom aq;orm;ynm&Sd? rEmefwwfaomol? tvkyfwwfaomynmonftaygif; olaX;ol

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/ 25/ xkdokdYtm;enf;aomaMumifh xkd&mrnwkdif;aeukefaom &[ef;wkdUtm; csrf;omojzifh y&d,wfudkvnf;aumif;? y#dywfudkvnf;aumif; jznfhpGrf;jcif;iSm rwwfEkdifaomaMumifh omoemonf

wjznf;jznf;tm;enf;vm\/ txl;ojzifh tm;enf;onfrSm ol&d,rif;om;[l i,frnf&SdaomrEk[mrif;jyKaomtcg xkd&mrnwkdif;t&yfonf vGefyiftm;enf;vm\/

/ 26/ xkdtcgjrwfpGmbk&m;y&dedAmefpHvGefonfrS (1600) ...om&SdNyD[l rSwftyf\/

omoemou&mZf (1601) ckESpfjrefrmou&mZf (419) ckESpfa&mufaomtcg t&dr'emrnfaomyk*Hjynfudktpkd;&aom

/ 27/ taemf&xmrif;apmonf yd# duwfoH k;yH kE Si fhwuG &[ef;oHCmtaygif;udk &mrnwkdif;r Saqmif,lcJh t&dr'em yk*HjynfBuD;omoemawmfjrwfudkwnfapcJhonf . . .

[ltusOf;Hk;azmfjyxm;onf/ (jrifhoef;aiG? pm? 82) (oxHkudk taemf&xmwkdufaMumif; tus,fudk rSefeef;&mZ0ifwGifMunhfyg/ )

taemf&xmESifhppfjyKaom oxHkonf,ck (atmufjrefrmEkdifiH) oxHkr[kwf? xkdif;(,kd;',m;) EkdifiH?euGefyxkrfjzpfrnf[laom t,ltqESifhywfouf OD;ynmjyKpkaom oxHk&mZ0ifrS atmufazmfjyygtaMumif;t&mwkdYudk qufvufzwfIyg/

yk*Hjynf (tEkk'a'0) taemf&xmrif;apmESifh oxHkjynf(raem[&D)rEk[mrif;wkdY ppfBuD;jzpfMupOf

taemf&xmrif;apmonf twkdif;rod ppfonfol&JwkdhjzifhwyfBuD;csDvm\/ xkdtaMumif;udk rEk[mrif;Mum;vQif ok"r0wDNrdKYawmf usHK;(3)xyf&Sdonfudk xyfrHjyKjyif\/

ajrmufrsufESmrSm NrdKYta&SYajrmuf (v0) NrdKYa[mif;&mESifh wpfqufwnf;jzpfaom awmifnGefhawmifwef;rSquf taemufpl;pl;okdYyifv,furf;ajcta&muf usKH;ajrmif;ESifh NrdKYdk;BuD;jyKvkyf\/ xkdcHwyfNrdKUdk;ESifhrlv&Sd&if; NrdKYdk;wkdYtMum;tMum;vnf; qifcvkwf? jrif;cvkwf jzpfapjcif;iSm? NrdKYdk;usKH;ajrmif; (2) xyfpDvkyfap\/ xkdYaMumifUoxHkNrdKYrSm y|ruNrdKYdk; (3)xyf? usKH;oHk;xyf&Sdaomfvnf;? ,cktcg ajrmufrsufESmu NrdKYdk;(6) xyf? usKH; (6) xyf&Sdavonf/

okdhNrdKYawmfudk ckdifvHkatmifjyKvkyfNyD;vQif ypfpif? &ifwm;? vufeufvlolpDrHNyD;vQif tjyif bufcHwyfrsm;udkvnf;vuf0J? vuf,m (4) wyfpDwnfvkyfaponf/ cHwyfwkdY\trnfrsm;um;

1/ aumhcwyfwGwf (uwkdufuav;)

2/ aumhcwyfEGwf (uwkdufBuD;)3/ r&doblrdNrdKYa[mif;&m (rdkufozHk;) (r&rf;ukef;)4/ aumhumvmaomu (qifjzLuRef;)

vuf0JrS (4) wyfpDrH rsdK;dk;&dum? vufeufvloltjynfhtpHkoGif; ckcHaponf/ vuf,mbufvnf;

1/ usdKufaumfbk&m;a&SY uzawmif\ta&SYajrmufwGif 0uFygcHwyf (,ck0if;y&Gm)2/ uzawmif\taemufawmifaxmifh AkdvfckdifcHwyf/ aemufxkdae&m bk&m;wnf usdKufAkdvf

ckdifbk&m;ac:onf/

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3/ a';wGwf (ac:) ukef;uav;cHwyf? ,ckom,mukef;[kac:onf/4/ ETwfukvm;cHwyf/ ,ckaemifukvm;&GmcHwyfrsm;jzifhckcHaponf/

taemf&xmrif;\ yk*HjynfrS a&aMumif;ESifh Munf;aMumif;csDwufppfonfrsm;? OyJcl;NrdK Y aygif;qHk ppfawmif;jrpfudkul;NyD;vQif oxHkNrdKYaus;pyf a&S;tom;rif;ae&m uom(usdKufuom)rnfaomt&yf wyfwnfvsufpcef;csonf/ ppfonfol&JwkdYudk oHk;aMumif;oHk;oG,fcGJcsDwufap\/

Munf;wyfrSm usefppfom;AkdvfrSL;jyK taemufbufaMumif;csD&\/ iaxGl;udkAdkvfrSL;jyK ta&SYbufaMumif;csDwufvkyfBuHap\/ yifv,fa&aMumif;rS anmifOD;bD;ESifh ivHk;vufz,fwkdYudk yifv,frSapvTwf

ok"r0wDNrdKYudkawmifuwkdufckdufap\/

taemf&xmrif;onf ajrmufrsufESmuomvQif tBuD;tus,fcHwyfjyK ckcHaponf/ yifv,fc&D;rScsDwufvmaom a&aMumif;wyfonfoxHkNrdKYudk taemufrSauGYywfvsuf &if;Nidrfqdyfuwufavonf/

xkd&if;NidrfqdyfrS wufwyfawmfudk (2) pkcGJjyefonf/ ivHk;vufz,ftkyfcsKyfaomwyfonf ta&SYokdY,Gef; awmifajc(Zif;usKduf)okdYuyfvsufwkdufckdufodrf;,lNyD; oxHkNrdKY\ta&SYawmif (aumh) rnfaomt&yfwGif wyfpGJvsuf0ef;&Honf/ anmifOD;zD;tkyfcsKyfaomwyfonf&if;NidrfrS ajrmufokdYawmifpOfwavsmuf wkdufckduf

odrf;,l&ef awmifwef;\tqHk; rkcp&eDjrpf (,ckqm;acsmif;) urf; wyfwnfoxHkNrdKYudk0ef;&Hav\/

xkdokdYa&aMumif;? Munf;aMumif;ppfBuD;csDvmaomtcg rEk[mrif;\vuf0J? vuf,mcHwyfwkdYonfwpfwyfNyD;wpfwyf qkwfcGgvsufaemufqHk;NrdKYwGif;uom pkckcHMu&awmhonf/

taemf&xm\ukef;aMumif;ppfonf wkdYvnf; tpOftwkdif;atmifjrif taemufaMumif; ppfonfwkdYonf

rEk[mrif;\qifjzLawmf 32 pD;xm; &mumvaomuac: (qifjzLuRef; cHwyf)u wyfpGJoxHkudk 0ef;&Honf/ta&SYbuf Munf;aMumif;wyfuvnf; oxHkNrdKY\ta&SYajrmuf usdKufauom& taemufawmifajc&if; wyfpGJoxHk NrdKYudk0ef;&Honf/

taemf&xmrif;apmvnf; uomwyfawmfpcef;rScsDawmfrlrl;oD(rkoif) wyfpcef;csonf/ xkdrScsDjyefaomfusKdufaumfbk&m;\ ajrmufbufwGifpcef;csonf/ xkdpcef;rSae pnf;pdrfrysuf? toufrao? aevkdvQif "gwf

awmf? arGawmf? yd#uwfawmfrsm;ESifhxD;eef;udktyf&rnf[k rEk[mrif;xHapvTwfawmif;ap\/ rEk[mrif;vnf;NrdKYudkvHkNcHKpGmydwf wdwfqdwfpGmae\/pum;rjyefacs/ taemf&xmrif;vnf;a&SYokdYqufvufcsDcJhjyef ok"r0wD

oxHkNrdKY\ ajrmufbufukef;jyifwpfckwyfpGJ oxHkNrdKYudkvkyfBuHawmfrl\/

oxHkajreDukef;(Z,blrd)ay:awmfjyefapwD

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xdktcg oxHk\ta&SYawmifrS aumhwyf? taemufawmifrS rkcp&eD wyf? taemufajrmufrS umvmaomuwyf? ta&SYajrmufrS usdKufauom &wyf? ajrmufwnfhwnfhrS bk&ifrif;\ wyfawmfudk oxHkNrdKYudk(5)wyf

vHk;0kdif; wkdufckdufaomaMumifh atmifjrif Ekdifeif;av\/ xkdokdYajrmufbuf wyfawmfpcef;cs&mae&mudkZ,blrd[korkwfcJhonf/ ,ckajreDukef;[k ac:onf/ taemf&xmrif;onf Z, blrdwyfawmf\a&SYwyfOD; oxHkudkatmifjyefawmfrlonfhtxdef;trSwf apwDwpfqlwnfxm;onf/ ,ck ay:awmfjyef[kac:aom apwDjzpf\/

taemf&xmrif;apmvnf; oxHkjynfudkatmifawmfrl? rif;rdzk&m;ESifhwuG? yd#duwfawmf? "gwfawmf?arGawmf? kyfwkawmf? qifjzLawmfrSp ,loifh&m&modrf;,lawmfrlNyD;vQif t&d,moHCmawmf(1000)udkvnf;yifhaqmifawmfrl wyfawmftpOftwkdif;EIwfNyD;vQif yk*Hjynfokdhjyefonf/

xkdtcg ok0Pblrdwkdif;? ok"r0wD? oxHkNrdKYe,fqHk;uom (usdKufuom) wyfawmfpcef;okdYa&mufaomtcg? oxHkjynfrSyifhcJhaom oHCmawmf (1000) wkdYonf? igwkdhyk*HjynfokdYvkdufygoGm;vQif? oxHkjynf

bk&m;ocif\ vufxufawmfrSp wnfxGef;cJhaom omoemawmfBuD; oHk;&yfonf arS;rSdefuG,fy&pfawmhrnf[k owdoHa0*jzpfawmfrlukefMu? wyfawmfpcef;ESifh reD;ra0;awmBuD;okdY0if psmeformywfjzifh aeawmfrlMuukef\/ xkdtcgtaemf&xmrif;u yifhaomfvnf;r&ojzifh ynm&SdrSL;rwfrsm;ESifh wkdifyifaomtcg ynm&SdwkdYu

omoemuG,faysmufrnfpdk; rvdkufvdkMuojzifU psmef0ifpm;aeaMumif; avQmufxm;Muav\/ yifh&rnfr[kwfaMumif; Oyg,fwrQifjzifU avQmufwifMuukef\/

rSL;rwfynm&SdwkdYavQmufonfhtwkdif; t&d,moHCmawmf (1000) wkdY\ae&mawmf bk&m;aygif;apwDaygif; (1000) wnfNyD;rS ]t&Sifbk&m;wkdhyk*Hjynfokdh

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t&SifwkdY\q&mjrwfpGmbk&m;\ O'dapwDawmf (1000) vnf;&Sd&pfygNyD/ aemufaemifudkvnf; omoemawmfruG,fyatmifapmifha&Smufygrnf}[k avQmufawmfrlMuukef\/

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ဦးစံ၀င္း(သမိုင္းသုေတသန) - သု၀ဏၰဘူမိသုေတသန