“NARUC”-is programa energetikis regulirebis sferoSi partniorobisTvis

saqarTvelos energetikis maregulrebeli erovnuli komisiada

vermonTis sajaro samsaxuris sabWo

avtorien biSofi

vermonTis sajaro samsaxuris sabWo2008 wlis 28 ivnisi

tarifebis SemuSaveba II: tarifis dizaini

2

mimoxilva

ra aris tarifis dizaini? tarifis dizainis amocanebi tarifis dizainis SemuSavebis nabijebi

– klientebis jgufebis gansazRvra– Rirebulebis klientebis jgufebs Soris

gadanawileba– tarifis TiToeuli komponentisTvis xajebis

miwera tarifis dizainTan dakavSirebuli

problemebi

3

ra aris tarifis dizaini?

tarifis dizaini aris sawarmos tarifebis struqtura; tarifis dizaini gansazRvravs fass, romelsac klienti sawarmos mier gaweuli momsaxurebisTvis ixdis

tarifis struqtura sawaremoebis mixedviT SeiZleba gansxvavdebodes

tarifis nebismieri dizaini iTvaliswinebs:– klientebis klasebs– gadasaxdelebis tipebs (klienti, energia, moTxovna)

tarifis zogierTi dizaini agreTve iTvaliswinebs :– dros (realur dros, dRis monakveTs, wlis sezons da a.S.)

tarifis dizaini Zlierad teqnikuri da detalizebulia, magram misi Sedgena ufro xelovnebaa, vidre mecniereba

4

tarifis dizainis amocanebi

tarifis dizaini mravali amocanis gadasaWrelad iqmneba; zogjer es amocanebi erTmaneTsac ki ewinaaRmdegebian

SemosavlebTan dakavSirebuli amocanebi:– tarifebi unda iZlevodnen Semosavlebis

sasurveli raodenobiT miRebis SesaZleblobas

– tarifebi stabiluri da prognozirebadi Semosavlebis miRebis SesaZleblobas unda qmnidnen

5

tarifis dizainis amocanebi

danaxarjebTan dakavSirebuli amocanebi:– tarifebi ise unda iqmnebodnen, rom

ekonomiurad efeqtur momarebas uWerdnen mxars

– tarifebi klientebsa da klientebis klasebs Soris xarjebis samarTlianad gadanawilebas xels unda uwyobdnen

– tarifebi arasasurvevli diskriminaciis Tavidan acilebis saSualebas unda qmnidnen

– tarifebi miwodebasa da moxmarebaSi inovaciebis danergveas unda uwyobdnen xels

6

tarifis dizainis amocanebi

praqtikuli mosazrebebi:– ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia, tarifis

dizaini unda iyos martivi, gasagebi, sazogadoebisTvis misaRebi da advilad samarTavi

– tarifis dizaini tarifis stabilurobas unda uwyobdes xels

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SemosavlebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi

tarifebi sawarmos unda uqmnidnen gonivrul SesaZleblobas, rom man:– ainazRauros keTilgonivrulad gaweuli xarjebi, maT

Soris investiciebi– miiRos samarTliani ukugeba misi keTilgonivruli

investiciebis danarCen xarjebze (araamortizebul nawilze)

aseTi tatrifebi saSualebas aZleven sawarmos dafaros Tavis sesxebTan dakavSirebuli valdebulebebi, gadauxados dividendebi aqcionerebs da axali kapitaluri dabandebebi moizidos

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xarjebTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi

iqneba Tu ara erTeulis saSualo fasze dafuZnebuli tarifebi ekonomikurad efeqturi?– saSualo Tu zRvruli Rirebuleba?– grZelvadiani Tu moklevadiani?

kerZo finansuri, Tu sruli socialuri Rirebuleba?– eleqtroenergiis warmoebiT da miwodebiT

gamowveuli garemosdacviTi zarali vin ris fass ixdis?

– xarjebis warmoqmnis principebi

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tarifis dizainis Seqmna

ZiriTadi principi: xarjebi im klientebma unda aanazRauron, romelTa gamoc maT sawarmo gaswevs

nabijebi:– klientTa jgufebis gansazRvra– sawarmos xarjebis klientTa jgufebze

gadanawileba– klientTa TiToeuli jgufisTvis, xarjebis

konkretuli komponentebis mixedviT gawera (klienti, kvt.sT, kvt)

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klientTa jgufebis gansazRvra

zogadad, gamoyenebis maxasiaTeblebzea damokidebuli

sxvadasxva sawarmos SeiZleba sxvadasxva raodenobis klientebis jgufebi hyavdes

Cveulebriv Semdegi jgufebi arseboben:– mosaxleoba– komerciuli– sawarmoo– quCis ganaTeba– sasoflo sameurneo

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klientTa jgufebis gansazRvra

zogjer, SesaZlebelia jgufebi socialuri politikis saWiroebebisaTvis gamoiyos– magaliTad, dabali Semosavlebis mqone

SeiZleba, adgili hqondes SemTxvevas, rodesac erTi, magram unikaluri gamoyenebis mqone klienti calke jgufad gamoiyofa

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klasis momsaxurebis xarjis kvleva

sawarmo klasis momsaxurebis xarjis kvlevas axorcielebs– CarTuli an srulad gadanawilebuli

xarjis kvleva– gazrdadi an zRvruli xarjis kvleva

zogjer sawarmo orive tipis kvlevas axorcielebs

13

CarTuli xarjis kvleva

iyenebs im kapitallur da saoperacio xarjebs, romlebic istoriulad CarTulia (daxarjuli an investirebuli)

eyrdnoba sabuRaltro xarjis monacemebs, romlebic sawarmos yoveldRiuri muSaobis Sedegad warmoiqmneba– saWiroebs sakmaod detalizebul sabuRaltro

aRricxvas, raTa SesaZlebeli iyos xarjebis kategoriebad (generacia, gadacema, ganawileba, bilingi da a.S.) danawileba

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CarTuli xarjis kvleva

klientebis TiToeuli jgufisTvis saTanado xarjebis “miweris” uzrunvelyofis mizniT ramodenime “ganawilebis faqtors” iyenebs– ganwilebis martivi faqtorebia: zamTris kvt.sT,

sistemis piki, romelic Tvis piks emTxveva, TveSi klientebis saSualo raodenoba

zogierTi xarjebi Zneli “misaweria” (magaliTad administraciuli)– xSirad maTi gadanawileba yvela sxva xarjis

proporciulad xdeba– sxva saSualebebi SeiZleba moicavdnen:

sxva politikuri miznebis gaTvaliswinebas raime gonivruli meTodiT gadanawilebas

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CarTuli xarjis kvleva

CarTuli xarjebis yvelaze martivad gadanawileba Semdegnairad SeiZleba:– Semosavlebis moTxovna ÷ klientebis

raodenoba = tarifi, wlurad, naxevarwliurad an kvartalurad daricxuli

sirTuleebi Cndeba, rodesac vcdilobT gansxvavebulad mivudgeT– momsaxurebis tipebs da moculobebs– klientebis tipebs

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CarTuli xarjis kvleva

upiratesobebi:– efuZneba realur xarjebs– Semosavlebze moTxovnis cvlilebisas

avtomaturad icvleba– aRiqmeba rogorc samarTliani

minusebi:– rTulia erTiani da saerTo xarjebis

gadanawileba– ar asaxavs bazris mimdinare tendenciebs– SeiZleba warmoSvas araefeqturi fasebi

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zRvruli xarjebis kvleva

axdens damatebiTi mosaxurebis xarjebis gadanawilebas

emyareba zRvruli xarjebis faswarmoqmnas, romelic momsaxurebis yoveli Semdegi paketis gawevis ekonomikur danaxarjebs udris

aris resursebTan dakavSirebuli xarjebis momavalze orientirebuli kvleva

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zRvruli xarjebis kvleva

problemebi:– rogoria gamosavlis optimaluri zrda an zRvari,

romelic unda gaizomos? simZlavris generirebis Rirebuleba: $/kvt.weliwadi eleqtroenergiis Rirebuleba: $/kvt.sT gadacemis da ganawilebis Rirebuleba: $/kvt.weliwadi

– rogor SeiZleba zRvruli xarjebis fasebis Semosavlebze moTxovnasTan dakavSireba?

– ra tipis faswarmoqmnis SeSfoTebebi aris misaRebi?– saWroa Tu ara tarifebSi gazrdili garemosdacviTi

zaralis xarjebis gaTvaliwswineba?

19

zRvruli xarjebis kvleva

upiratesobebi:– momavalze orientirebuli, ekonomikuri danaxarjebi– xels uwyobs ekenomikur efeqturobas

gamonaklisi: “meore adgilis” problema– safasurs isini ixdian, vis gamoc xdeba xarjis gaweva

minusebi:– gansazRvrebebi ufro sakamaToa– Znelia Semosavlebze moTxovnasTan dakavSireba– saWiroebs moTxovnis da xarjebis prognozirebas– gaaCnia tarifis arastabilurobis gamowvevis

potenciali

20

xarjebis gadanawilebis problemebi

yvela klasis momsaxureba erTnairad riskiania Tu ara?

Tuki klasebs Soris arsebobs jvaredini subsidiebi, ramdenad swrafad aris maTi gauqmeba aucilebeli?– tarifebis Sokis gamowvevis da

gadamxdelTa gaRizianebis potenciali– zegavlena daucvel klientenze (magaliTad,

dabali Semosavlis mqone)

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xarjebis gadanawilebis problemebi

rogor unda iqnas sazogadoebrivi politikis mosazrebebis gaTvaliswineba xarjebis gadanawilebisas?– tarifebs SeuZliaT klintebis garkveuli

klasebisTvis daxmarebis gaweva ekonomikur ganviTarebaze an biznesis

SenarCunebaze orientirebuli tarifebi mosaxleobis “sicocxlis gzis” tarifebi

– tarifebs socialuri amocanebis miRwevaSi daxmarebac SeuZliaT

konservaciis/garemosdacviTi mosazrebebi universaluri momsaxureba

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tarifebis dizainis SemuSaveba

satarifo fasis pirveladi komponentebi:– klientis gadasaxadi– eleqtroenergiis gadasaxadi– moTxovnaze gadasaxadi

am komponentebis urTierTqmedeba safaso signalebs warmoqmnis

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tarifis komponentebi

klientis gadasaxadi– aZlevs sawarmos im danaxarjebis kompensirebis

saSualebas, romlebic moxmarebis cvlilebasTan erTad ar icvlebian (magaliTad aRricxvis da bilingis xarjebi)

– SeiZleba iyos dRiurad, Tviurad an bilingis sxva periodis ganmavlobaSi fiqsirebuli Tanxa

eleqtroenergiis gadasaxadi (kvt.sT)– aZlevs sawarmos im danaxarjebis kompensirebis

SesaZleblobas, romlebic moxmarebis mixedviT icvleba (magaliTad, eleqtroenergiis Sesyidva)

– SeiZleba icvlebodes moxmarebis sqemebis mixedviT

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moTxovnaze gadasaxadi

moTxovnaze gadasaxadi (kvt) – aZlevs sawarmoebs eleqtroenergiis miwodebis

uzrunvelyofis mizniT simZlavreebis mopovebaze gaweuli xarjebis kompensirebis saSualebas

– asaxavs im faqts, rom sawarmo valdebulia gaaCndes klientebis momsaxurebis uzrunvelsayofad saWiroe eleqtroenergia

– axalisebs Semcirebul moxmarebas pikur periodebSi (gansakuTrebiT datvirTvebis wanacvlebas)

– moTxovnaze gadasaxads, Cveulebriv, mxolod msxvili momxmareblebi ixdian

– xSirad Seicavs “reTCeTebs”

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moTxovnaze gadasaxadi

“reTCeTi” – klientebis bilingi xorcieldeba an maTi mimdinare Tvis yvelaza maRali moTxovnis, an romelime wina periodis umaRlesi moTxovnis romeliRac procentis safuZvelze (romelic meti iqneba)– upiratesoba: uqmnis klientebs stimuls Seamciron

tavianTi pikuri moxmareba, rac sawarmos axali infrastruqturis Seqmnis saWiroebas amcirebs

– minusebi: Tuki “reTCeTi” ar icvleba mas Semdeg, rac kliento moTxovnas Seamcirebs, “reTCeTi” SeiZleba obieqtze generatoris damontaJebis an energoefeqturobis zomebis stimulebs spobdes

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gamoyenebis sqemebi

erT.fasi

moxmarebuli moculoba

erT.fasi

piks gareT piki piks gareT

erT.fasi

moxmarebuli moculoba

erT.fasi

moxmarebuli moculoba

droze dafuZnebuli tarifizrdadi safexurebrivi tarifi

klebadi safexurebrivi tarifiaraprogresuli tarifebi

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gamoyenebis sqemebi

araprogresuli klebadi safexurebrivi

– efuZneba daSvebas, rom msxvili klientebis momsaxureba ufro iafi jdeba, da rom zRvruli Rirebuleba saSualo Rirebulebaze naklebia

– qmnis moxmarebis stimulebs da auqmebs konservaciis stimulebs, ase rom Zalian mniSvnelovania imis uzrunvelyofa, rom fasebi swored SeirCes

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gamoyenebis sqemebi

zrdadi safexurebrivi– zRvruli Rirebuleba ufro maRalia, vidre

saSualo– auqmebs moxmarebis stimulebs da

qmnis konservaciis stimulebs pikuri da piks gareTa tarifebi

– uqmnis klientebs pikur periodSi naklebi eleqtroenergiis moxmarebis stimulebs

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gamoyenebis sqemebi

droze dafuZnebuli tarifebi– SeiZLeba efuZnebodes sezons, dRis monakveTs an

realur dros– iZleva ufro zust safaso signalebs– dRis monakveTis an relauri drois mixedviT cvalbadi

tarifebi aRricxvis specialuri SesaZleblobebis arsebobas moiTxoven

bevr msxvil klients ukve gaaCnia aseTi SesaZleblobebis mqone mricxvelebi

mcire klientebis umravlesobas ar gaaCnia amJamad sabWo ikvlevs, unda miawodon Tu ara

sawarmoebma aseTi SesaZleblobebis mqone mricxvelebi ufro meti raodenobis klientebs

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gamoyenebis sqemebi

sakuTari generaciis simZlavreebis mqone klientebs SeiZleba surdeT, rom sawarmoebma maT “stand-by” momsaxureba gauwion– Tuki raime mizezis gamo generatori gaiTiSeba, sawarmo

klients eleqtroenergias miawvdis sakmaod farTo debatebi mimdinareobs imis Sesaxeb, Tu

rogori unda iyos “stand-by” momsaxurebis tarifebi– sawarmom unda Seqmnas klientis momsaxurebisTvis

saWiro simZlavreebi– sazogadoebisTvis umciresi danaxarji, SeiZleba

klientisTvisac umcires danaxarjs ar warmoadgendes zogjer, SeiZleba klientis sakuTrebaSi myofi generatori

sawarmosTvis umciresi xarjis miRwevis saSualebas warmoadgendes, magram, Tuki “stand-by” tarifebi Zalian maRali iqneba, SeiZleba klientma generatoris dayeneba gadaifiqros

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tarifis dizainTan dakavSirebuli problemebi

erTiani tarifebis administrireba ufro advilia, magram maT tarifebis klasebis SigniT subsidiebis SemoRebis aucilebloba SeiZleba gamoiwvion

saTanadod abalansebs Tu ara tarifis dizaini yvela amocanas?– zogjer garkveuli amocanebis gadaWris mizniT

Sesworebebis Setana xdeba aucilebeli (magaliTad, saWiroa kvt.sT-is fasis sawarmos mier eleqtroenergiis Sesyidvis zRvrul fasTan daaxloveba)

xom ar iwvevs tarifis dizaini klientebis romelime jgufisaTvis tarifebis mniSvnelovan zrdas?– zogjer tarifis dizainis danergva etapobrivad

ramodenime wlis ganmavlobaSi xorcieldeba, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli “satarifo Soki”

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specialuri tarifebi klientebisTvis

klientebis xarjebTan dakavSirebuli individualuri tarifebi– ufro zustia (im daSvebiT, rom SesaZlebelia calkeuli

xarjebis identificireba)– zogadad, vermonTSi, iseve rogorc aSS-s umetes

adgilebSi ar gamoiyeneba, garda im SemTxvevebisa, rodesac klients Zalian specifikuri maxasiaTeblebi gaaCnia

– Znelia dasaTvlelad ra gansxvavebaa xarjebs Soris integrirebul eleqtro

sistemaSi? klientebis umravlesobisTvis, xarjebi gadaswonian

sargebels

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tarifebis sxva punqtebi

tarifebi agreTve momsaxurebis pirobebs da vadebs Seicaven– zogierTi magaliTi:

dagvianebis gadasaxadebi gaTiSvis politikebi da gadasaxdebi xazebis gafarTovebis gadsaxadebi