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  • 1. Mi Libro Gramatica Sancho Donley

2. Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.Preterite and ImperfectO Por/ParaO Possessive Adjectives and PronounsO Ud/Uds CommandsO Present SubjunctiveO Subjunctive with Verbs of Will and InfluenceO Subjunctive with Verbs of EmotionO Doubt, disbelief, and denial Conjunctions Subjunctive in adjective clauses Tu commands Nosotros commands Past participles used as adjectives 3. IrregularsPreteriteTener es tuve Estar estuve Ir es fui y tambin ser Poner es puse Poder es pude Traje es para traer Hacer; hice Haber; hubo Saber; supe Querer; quise Decir; dije Venir; vine Ver; vi Dar; di Y no acentosSnapshot In timeirar amo saste astei simosisteistei siieronaronImperfect aababamo sabasabaisabaabanamo sasaisaan 4. Por Going through somethingPara Going to somewhere Describing destination 5. Possessive Adjectives and PronounsMi(s) Nuestro(a/os/as) Tu(s)Vuestro(a/os/as)Su(s) Su(s)SingularPluralMo(a) Nuestro(a )Mos(a s)Tuyo(a Vuestros(a ) s)Tuyos(a Vuestros(as) s)Suyo(Suyos(a Suyo(as)Suyo(a)Nuestros(a s)To form a possessive pronoun: Use the long form of the possessive adjective Add el, la, los, las based on the gender and the number of the nounAttach the pronoun to a reflexive when using a reflexive in the infinitive form 6. Usted and Ustedes Commands Command forms are used to give orders or advice. Usted and ustedes can be used to refer to a group of people or in formal situations. **Stem changers keep stem change in IRREGULARITY IN YO FORM- same irregularity in formal commands: command s Conducir, conocer, decir, hacer, ofrecer, or, poner, salir, tener, traducir, traer, venir, & HOW REGULARS ARE FORMED: 1) Drop the final o of the yo form of the present tense 2) For ar verbs, add e or en & for ir er verbs, add a or -anverIrregulars-car, -gar, -zar verbs In negative have a spelling commands, the change: pronouns precede c > qu the verb g > gu z>c To make a command negative, put a no before the verb R&O pronouns attach to end of verb add accents 7. MUST: 2 clauses Que Verbos **Subjunctive form of hay = haya especiales The subjects mood expresses the speakers attitude toward events, 2 subjunctive actions, or states that the speaker views are uncertain or hypotheticalPresent SubjunctiveTo form it: 1) put in yo form of verb, 2) drop the o, 3) add the subjunctive ending -AR VERBS PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -e-emos-es -e-car,-gar,-zar have spelling change in all forms-ER,-IR VERBS PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE -a-amosIRREGULAR YO-as -en-a-anUSES: -ar and er stem Will and influence changers have same as Emotion Doubt, disbelief, and denial present indicative -ir stem changers have Indefiniteness and nonexistence same + nosotros form thingyIRREGULARS 8. AconsejarTo advise Sugerir(eei)To suggestRogar(o-ue)to beg, to pleadRecomendar(eei)- to recommendVERBS OF WILL AND INFLUENC EImportar- to be important, to matterInsistir (en)to insist (on)Mandar- to order prohibirTo prohibit 9. Subjunctive with Verbs of Emotion When the main clause of a sentence expresses an emotion or feeling, use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause>Use the infinitive after an expression of emotion when there is no change of subject**** EX: Temo llegar tarde (Im concerned Ill arrive late)Ojal que is followed by the subjunctiveTO FORM: main clause with verb of emotion in the present indicative + que then subordinate clause with subjunctive verb according to second subject 10. Doubt, Disbelief, and Denial The subjunctive is used with expressions of doubt, disbelief, and denial The subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause when there is a change of subject and the main clause implies negation or uncertainty Like in previous slide, use infinitive after no change in subject es posible y es probable implies inherent uncertainty and therefore triggers the subjunctive in the subordinate clause, creer expresses belief or certainty, followed by indicitveQuizs and tal vez imply an uncertain possibility and are usually followed by subjunctive 11. Conjunctions words or phrases that connect clauses in sentences introduce adverbial clauses always require subjunctive use the infinitive after the prepositions antes de, para, and sin when there is not change in subject use the indicative if verb in main clause expresses habitual actions or past action use the subjunctive in subordinate clause if main clause expresses future or command 12. MonthContentAug. 5- Sept. 13El carro y la tecnologaUEQ: Sept. 23Oct. 31UEQ:VocabularyGrammarCultureThe car and its accessories Imperfect/preterite/por y para/stressed Tira cmica: El Computers and electronic possessive adjectives and pronouns cellular products Tute How does one discuss car issues in Spanish-speaking countries? How is technology used in Spanish-speaking countries? Hogar, dulce The parts of a house; Ud. + Uds. commands/present Lectura: hogar household chores; table subjunctive/subjunctive with verbs of will Bienvenidos a la settings and influence Casa Colorada! Amrica Central How do you tell someone to do something?Nov. 4Dec. 20 UEQ:La naturalezaThe environment Conservation How can we protect our natural resources?Subjunctive w/verbs of emotion/ doubt, disbelief and denial/conjunctionsLectura: Dos fbulasJan. 7- Feb. 14En la ciudadSubjunctive in adjective clauses/ t commands/nosotros commandsLectura: Esquina peligrosa Amrica Central IIUEQ:In what ways do communities and cities reflect Hispanic culture?Feb. 24April 11El bienestarUEQ:How do healthy habits differ from culture to culture?April-14May 23El mundo del trabajoUEQ:Can you discuss your future plans and participate in an interview?City life; giving directions Banking and postal needsPersonal fitness and well-being Nutrition Professions and the workplace Job interviewsPast participles used as adjectives/ present perfect/ past perfect Future tense/ conditional tense/ past subjunctiveLectura: El viajeLectura: Imaginacin y destino Espaa