Design Computing

05. 3d Graphics UI & 3ds Max Design

9/30/2015CAD & Graphics II | HOM2027 | Fall 2014 | Every Wednesday 2:00 pm – 5:50 pm

Jin Kook Lee, PhD. 02-2220-2645 | designit@hanyang.ac.kr

Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University

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What to do today

1. Lecture: 3ds Max Design & Renderers

2. Lab exercises: Rendering by MR in 3ds Max & Vray in 3ds Max Design

1. Lab exercise 01: 3ds Max MR Sun & Sky + Camera + a plane Ocean view render

Basic interface of 3ds Max & MR Sun setup 2 JPG files

2. Lab exercise 02: A Room Interior FG setup for controlling brightness

Render a room interior with MR Sun and FG setting at least 5 JPG files

3. Lab exercise 03: A Room Interior + MR Lights + imported or created geometry for interior items

Render a room interior with artificial lights 1 JPG file

4. Lab exercise 04: Modeling an IKEA table

Render a scene 1 JPG file

5. Lab exercise 05: Installing Vray for 3ds Max Design 2015

6. Lab exercise 06 & 07: Using Vray in 3ds Max Design, render your basic scene

Render a scene with Vray material and Vray lights 1 JPG file

3. Requirements: All lab exercises outcome files should be submitted in “Shared Folder”

Appropriate images in JPG format. Try to get your best render shots!

3d Graphics & User Interfaces

Famous 3ds MAX. Since MS-DOS. Officially announced 3ds MAX at Siggraph 1995

Menu & Button Icons

Ribbon Interface

(Optional) Dynamic Menu Interface

Main Interface (View Ports)

Main Control

Timeline & View control

Too much complicated GUI

How to use computer software? – GUI (Graphical User Interface)

Menu

Icons / Toolbar

Tabbed (grouped) Icons / Toolbar (Ribbon Interface by Microsoft)

Typing,Clicking,Drag and drop,Key stroke …

How to interact with computer software? – User Interfaces, as of 2014

CLI Command Line Interfaces- Command prompt

GUI Graphical User Interfaces- Windows, Mac

NUI Natural User Interfaces- Touch, motion, voice..

General software we use today

General CG software: for Efficiency and Precisione.g. AutoCAD command line

Why 3d graphics software is very hard to learn?

Ideal interfaces for 3D modeling- 3d laser scanning… (from real world objects)- Image processing (from 2d pictures to 3d model)- Beyond keyboard & mouse:

Tangible devices for manipulating 3d objects in 3d way

Most 3d graphics tools- Handling 3d objects on 2d screen!- Too complicated 3d modeling on 2d views- Too many icons! (limitation of GUI)- Too complex options, too many function

This gap makes you hard to learn 3d graphics!

3d modeling with keyboard & mouse only? – of course not

3D bricks (Fjeld et al. 1998)Paddle (Kato et al. 2001)

CAVEiSphere

And so on.

Applications example: 3D Scan

- Laser Scanner (for space or objects)

- Image-based Scanner (Photogrammetry)

Laser Scanner for Spaces

Example - Another 3d modeling method: Laser Scanning

Laser Scanner

Scanning

Point Cloud

Video: Laser Scanning

Laser scan – Faro laser scanner ad

Laser scan – CCA at San Francisco

Example: Laser Scanning

Example: Laser Scanning

Example: Laser Scanning

Import point cloud in Revit, and modeling

In Revit, move height, install camera, and model its BIM

Image-based Scan for Objects/Spaces

(Photogrammetry)

- And Hybrid Way (Laser + Image)

Example - Another 3d modeling method: From 2d pictures to a 3d computational model

Autodesk Gallery, SF 3d JK Lee

An Example: Autodesk 123D Catch

Google image search

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGNesS8vo4M&list=PL804CCE3AA34C3A40

Google Project Tango – Smart Phones to 3d Building interiorhttp://opinion.inews24.com/php/news_view.php?g_menu=042132&g_s

erial=809489

Video

Object Scanner – Small size & easy-to-use scanner for objects (not for space)

3d Scan to 3d Printer

Digital Fabrication – Using Scanned Geometry

Physical Design Panel Object Image-based Scanned 3D Geometry

Taking pictures by iPhone

Image-based Photogrammetry

Re-constructed 3d Geometry

Digital Fabrication – Using Scanned Geometry

Scanned geometry mesh Converting into DWG file Revit Object (Family)

Digital Fabrication – Using Scanned Geometry

Example:

Applying Revit

Family into the

design project

Image-based Scan for Objects/Spaces

(Photogrammetry)

- And Hybrid Way (Laser + Image)

Aerial Photography

Google Map & Earth Example – 3d Model Views &

https://www.google.com/maps/place/Georgia+Institute+of+Technology/@33.7577941,-

84.4491202,2678a,20y,66.18h,64.57t/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0x88f5048aebc34fe3:0xb52ad03e3ad8c50f

Google Map & Earth Example – 3d Model Views &

3d Geometric Modeling

Geometry for making 3d objects

Modeling 3d object:

Creating an object (hard to do, except making primitives)

And Modify it (very hard to do – modify geometry’s subcomponents)

3d modification, by editing 2d geometry

Creating 3d objects

0 Making Primitives

A legendary Utah Teapot, developed by Martin Newell

How to create a new 3d object?

- Create primitives- Extrusion- Sweeping (lathing, loft..)- etc.

And then, modify them again and again

Modeling starts from primitive geometry

Standard Primitives

Extended Primitives

Modifier

Modeling tools in 3ds MAX

3ds Max primitives + 3 Photometric Lights + Autodesk Material + Mental Ray

Render image, all done just in 5 minutes

Creating 3d objects

1 Extrusion: extruding a polygon Push/pull tool in SketchUP

Creating 3d objects

2 Lathing: revolving a surface

Creating 3d objects

3 Sweeping: sweep a section profile onto a polygon path

Creating 3d objects

4 Others: Skinning, Boolean operation (CSG)…

& More: Import CAD file and make a building

Import AutoCAD floor plan file

- Check Units

- Choose Layer

More Example: Parametrically defined Geometry: “AEC Extended” in 3ds Max

More Example: Parametrically defined Geometry: “AEC Extended” in 3ds Max

More Example: Parametrically defined Geometry: “AEC Extended” in 3ds Max

Examples of 3d modeling & rendering for Interior Architecture Design

Learning 3ds Max Design + Mechanism,

NOT just interfaces of 3ds Max Design

Why 3d graphics software is too hard to learn?

We need to understand behind technologies, rather than User Interface issues!

Ray tracing, global illumination…

Bump mapping, Phong Shading…

Bezier curve, Spline, NURBS, control point, segments…

UV mapping, UVW

Polygon mesh

Sweeping, lathing

Knowing about camera and lenses – focal distance, aperture, exposure…

Without understanding what are these, learning 3ds MAX is equivalent to “memorizing the order of

clicking buttons among hundreds of icons, in a messy GUI interface”.

If you understand the logic, rather than the order of clicking buttons, you can learn any complicated modern

3d modeling & rendering software such as Rhino, Maya, Blender, Digital Project, and so on, of course

including 3ds MAX.

What to do in 3ds MAX (& other general 3d tools)

1 (Geometric) Modeling: Create objects

2 Rendering: Visualize scenes

1 Assign materials

2 Add lights

3 Setup cameras

4 Rendering options & render scenes

1 Create 2d geometry and 3d objects

2 Import pre-defined 2d/3d objects

3 Manage objects: object modification

3 Animation: Animate scenes

Modeling Difficult and time-consuming

Rendering Many things to take care of

Animating Many renders. Hardware dependent

3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design

Define UoD

Retouching in 2d Graphics Tools

(Geometric) Modeling

Material mapping

Rendering

Lights CameraRendering

scenes

Modeling universe (environment) Modeling design elements

2d sketch 3d modeling

Import Modification…

Planes Walls

Sky, outside view Modification…

What’s in your mind? - Roughly sketch it freehand if needed - Plan hierarchy diagram and objects

Photoshop (or others) supports lots of complicated effects- Modify: Level, Color balance, Sharpness, Gaussian blur, etc.- Add: Remapping, Compose, Texts, etc.

3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design Before modeling & rendering – Defining UoD first!

Roughly design your universe

This UoD is not reflecting real world – totally visualization purposed “fake” surfaces

3d Geometric Modeling is very hard and tedious

Reuse pre-defined object models

Use pasted bitmap images for drawing section profiles

Model in 3ds MAX, not in AutoCAD (when AutoCAD plan is ready, then use it)

Make all edges smooth – e.g. NURMS, Bevel…

Rendering basics

Use high-quality bitmap images for mapping (doesn’t mean only high-resolution)

(Take pictures whenever you find good interior design material, and Photoshop)

Three lightings and one camera for furniture, lots of lightings for interior design

Use Mental Ray (or other ray tracing: e.g. V-Ray etc.) for global reflection

Less is more – Retouch in Photoshop or others, don’t try too much in 3ds MAX.

Don’t forget your final result is just a mere 2d image!

Cartesian Coordinate System

View Cube

Work space: Model here!

Steering Wheel

Use Hotkeys!

Use hotkeys! – Useful 3ds MAX hotkeys (basic hotkeys)Viewing

Alt + W : Maximize the viewport, and back

G : Show/hide grids

F3 : Toggle between wireframe view and Shading

F4 : View edge face wireframe, available in shading view

C : View camera, P : View perspective, T : top view, L : left view, F : front view, B : bottom view…

Ctrl + X : Toggle expert mode

Shit + Z, Shift Y : Undo, Redo viewport operation

+, - : Increase, decrease Gizmo size

Object Handling

Q : Click Selection tool

W : Click Move tool

E : Click Rotate tool

R : Click Scale tool

H : Select by name

Ctrl A : select all, Ctrl D : deselect all,

Space bar : selection lock toggle (keep selecting current ones only if turned on)

Utility

M : Material editor

F10 : Render setup

Shift + Q : Rendering

& more hot keys!

Setup your own customized keys

Lab Exercises 01:

Mental Ray (MR) Sun & MR Sky + Water

Lab Exercise 01

Render a scene in 3ds Max using Mental Ray

Create a new Max file

- Change current renderer to “Mental Ray” (default)

- Create a plane “Ocean” material

- Create an MR Sun

- Change MR Sun & Sky’s current time: around 6 a.m. or 6 p.m. to see the sun disc

- Render scenes: Render your scene like a sunset beach

Render your final 1 scene Store under your named folder (1 image)

Lab Exercises 02:

Room Interior + Final Gather (FG) + MR Sky portal

Lab Exercise 02

Render a “Room Interior” scene in 3ds Max using Mental Ray

Open “Room Interior.max” file

- Render a scene: very dark inside even if the sun outside

- Control Environment Setup:

1. Environment

1) BG lighting

2) Exposure Value (EV)

2. Final Gather (FG)

1) FG Multiplier

2) Diffuse bounce, etc.

Render your final at least 3 brighter scenes Store under your named folder

Environment Setup

Rendering – Environment Menu

Background setup (mr Physical Sky)

Global Lighting: Level up for brighter scene

Exposure Control: mr Photographic

Exposure Value (EV): lower to brighter scene

Final Gather (FG) Setup

Enable FG

FG Multiplier: the higher the brighter scene

Diffuse Bounce: the higher the brighter, but slow

Other FG options

MR Sky Portal & MR Light

Photometric Light for MR

Target Light

Free Light: Point, Rectangle, Sphere, Disc…

Mr Sky Portal: Bring the sun!

MR Sky Portal: Bring the sun in front of the window!

Lab Exercises 03:

Room Interior + MR artificial lights + Objects

Lab Exercise 03

Render a “Room Interior” scene in 3ds Max using Mental Ray

Open “Room Interior.max” file

- Place MR Photometric Light

- Adjust lighting values: change Intensity, change lighting shape: Sphere, cylinder…

- Add some primitive objects in the room

- Change Interior Finish materials using Material Editor

- Render a scene: Looking photo-realistic and bright room interior

Render your final scene Store under your named folder

Photometric Light

MR Lighting: 4 Cylinder lights

Selection Types in 3ds Max

Lab Exercises 04:

Modeling an IKEA table + MR lights

Lab Exercise 05

Modeling an “IKEA’s Lack Table” using basic geometry & polygon modifiers

Open a new max file

- Create a plane

- Create a box

- Change into Editable Poly

- Make legs: all modeling should be in human SCALE!! (system units to Milimeters)

- Render a scene: Assign three lights, table material, floor material

- Three lights, accent light, MR Special Effect: Rounded Corner

Render your final scene Store under your named folder

No effect: no rounded corner, no accent light

Mental Ray Special Effect on the table material: Rounded Corner

Mental Ray Special Effect on the table material: Rounded Corner with an accent light just below the table top

Lab Exercises 05:

Installing Vray in 3ds Max Design

Lab Exercises 06:

3ds Max + V-Ray basics

Lab Exercise 06

Render a “Teapot on a plane” scene in 3ds Max using V-Ray

Create a new Max file (in 3ds Max 2009 for using Vray plugin)

- Change current renderer to “V-Ray”

- Create a plane

- Make a primitive object - teapot

- Assign Vray materials using Material Editor

- Add Vray light(s)

- Render a scene

Render your final scene Store under your named folder

Renderers in 3ds Max

Scanline Renderer (3ds legacy)

Mental Ray Renderer (default)

V-ray Renderer (installed vray plugin)

Others

Render Setup Menu

– Common tab

- Common Parameters: Output size

- Assign Renderer: Renderers

– V-Ray tab

- Various vray options

– Some different setup tabs by currently assigned renderers

V-Ray materials in 3ds Max

Type “M” for opening 3ds Max Material Editor

Click “Arch & Design” (current material) button

Choose “VRayMtl” for rendering by V-Ray

Vray parameters are shown

- Diffuse

- Reflection

- Refraction

- …

Assign Vray materials on a plane and teapot

Place Vray lights

Next Class

Geometric Modeling & Modification Technique in 3ds Max

3ds Max Design + Mental Ray