1 FRBR Presented by Dr. Barbara B. Tillett Chief, Policy & Standards Division Library of Congress for the American Library Association July 10, 2009

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FRBRPresented by Dr. Barbara B. Tillett

Chief, Policy & Standards Division

Library of Congress

for the American Library Association

July 10, 2009

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User tasks• Find• Identify• Select• Obtain

Entity-relationship model• Entities: Group 1, 2, 3• Relationships• Attributes

National level record elements (mandatory & optional data)

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)

Bibliographic Universe Books Serials Maps, globes, etc. Manuscripts. Musical scores A-V

sound recordings motion pictures photographs, slides

Multimedia “Remote” digital

materials Etc.

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What’s a conceptual model?

Abstract depiction of the universe of things being described The things in that universe (entities) Identifying characteristics of those

entities (attributes/elements) The relationships among the entities

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FRBR’s Entity-Relationship Model Entities Relationships Attributes (data elements)

relationship

One Entity Another Entity

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FRBR’s Entity-Relationship Model

created

Shakespeare Hamletwas created by

Pers

on W

or

k

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FRBR Entities

Group 1:Products of intellectual & artistic endeavor = bibliographic resources Work Expression Manifestation Item

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Work

Physical -recording ofcontent

Intellectual/artistic content

is realized through

is embodied in

is exemplified by

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Vocabulary

“Book”

–Door prop(item)

–“publication” at bookstore any copy(manifestation)

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Vocabulary

“Book”–Who translated?

(expression)

–Who wrote?

(work)

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

is realized through

is embodied in

is exemplified by

recursive

one

many

Group 1

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Elements to Describe Resources Work

ID Title Date etc.

Expression ID Form Date Language etc.

Manifestation ID Title Statement of

responsibility Edition Imprint (place, publisher,

date) Form/extent of carrier Terms of availability Mode of access etc.

Item ID Provenance Location etc.

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Manifestations

books

VideocassettesDVDs

CDs 13

Expressions

Les Trois Mousquetaires

textmovie

French

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Work

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Original Work - Same

Expression

Same Work – New Expression

New WorkCataloging Rules Cut-Off Point

DerivativeEquivalent Descriptive

Facsimile

Reprint

ExactReproduction

Copy

MicroformReproduction

Variations or Versions

Translation

Simultaneous“Publication”

Edition

Revision

SlightModification

ExpurgatedEdition

IllustratedEdition

AbridgedEdition

Arrangement

SummaryAbstractDigest

Change of Genre

Adaptation

DramatizationNovelizationScreenplay

Libretto

FreeTranslation

Same Style orThematic Content

Parody

Imitation

Review

Criticism

AnnotatedEdition

Casebook

Evaluation

Commentary

Family of Works

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Relationships Inherent among the

Group 1 entities

Content relationships among works/expressions

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Whole-Part

AccompanyingSequentialDerivative18

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FRBR EntitiesGroup 1: Bibliographic resources

Work Expression Manifestation Item

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FRBR Entities

Group 2: Those responsible for the intellectual & artistic content = Parties Person Corporate body Family

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Group 2

many

is owned by

is produced by

is realized byis created by

Person

Corporate Body

Family

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Relationship vs. Element

Work PersonCreated by

Creates

Ham

let S

hake

spear

e

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Subject Relationship

Work PersonCreated by

Creates

Concept/Topic

has subject

is subject of

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FRBR EntitiesGroup 3:Subjects of works

Groups 1 & 2 plus Concept Object Event Place

Subject relationship

Work

Group 3

many

has as subject

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Person

Corporate Body

Work

Concept

Object

Event

Place

has as subject

has as subject

Family

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Why do we need FRBR? Improve the user experience in locating

information Guide systems designs for the future Guide rule makers

Cut costs for the description and access to resources in our libraries

Position information providers to better operate in the Internet environment and beyond

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Applications of the Conceptual Model

FRBR is conceptual model No application is

prescribed Opportunities for the

future in new systems designs Australia, Europe Variations3, etc.

Keep user foremost in mind

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CollocationBetter organization to catalog

More options to display Identifying elements Pathways

FRBR Benefits

☑ Simplify cataloging enabling links and re-use of identifying elements

FRBR Entity Levels

Work:

Expression:

Manifestation:

The Novel

Orig.Text

Transl. CriticalEdition

Paper PDF HTML

The Movie

Orig.Version

DVD

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FRBR Entity Levels

Work:

Expression:

Manifestation:

The Novel

Orig.Text


The Movie

Orig.Version

Paper PDF HTML

Item: Copy 1Autographed

Copy 2

DVD

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FRBR Entity Levels

Work:

Expression:

Manifestation:

The Novel

Orig.Text


The Movie

Orig.Version

Paper PDF HTML

Item: Copy 1Autographed

Copy 2

Family of works

DVD

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Possible FRBR applicationsScenario A - Now

Authority

BibliographicBibliographic

Holding Item

Work/Expression

UniformTitle Concept

Manifestation

Person

Series (work/expression)

UniformTitle

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Scenario B - Future

Work/ExpressionUniform

Title

Manifestation

Authority

Bibliographic

Holding

Concept

Item

Person

PersonSeries

(work/expression)Uniform

Title

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Objectives of Catalogs

Cutter’s objectives for the catalogFinding - description and access

standardsCollocating - controlled “vocabularies”

for precision of searching

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“User Tasks” - FRBR Find (locate and

collocate) Identify Select Obtain

Relate/Navigate

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Objectives of Catalogs Finding (locate)

A single specific resource

Collocating (sets of resources) All resources belonging to the same work All resources belonging to the same expression All resources belonging to the same manifestation All the works and expressions of a person, corporate

body, or family All resources on a given subject All resources sharing some specific characteristic

Language, place of publication, date, etc.36

Collocation Objectives of a

catalog: display All the works

associated with a person, etc.

All the expressions of the same work

All the manifestations of the same expression

All items/copies of the same manifestation

Hamlet

Stockholm2008

English

Swedish

French

German

Shakespeare

Library of CongressCopy 1Green leather binding

Romeo andJuliet

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Pathways to Related Works

Hamlet

Stockholm2008

English

Swedish

French

German

Shakespeare

Library of CongressCopy 1Green leather binding

Romeo andJuliet

Stoppard

Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead

Tex

t

Movies…

Derivativ

e

w

orks

Subject

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Collocation by Works

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. + All’s well that ends well+ As you like it+ Hamlet+ Macbeth+ Midsummer night’s dream+ …

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Collocation by Family of Works and Expressions Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet.

+ Texts+ Motion Pictures+ Sound Recordings

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Collocation by Expressions

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet.+ Texts – Danish+ Texts – Dutch+ Texts – English+ Texts – French+ Texts – Spanish+ Motion Pictures – English+ Sound Recordings - English

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Collocation of Manifestations

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet.- Motion pictures – English

+ 1964 Director, Bill Collegan+ 1990 Director, Kevin Kline, Kirk Browning+ 1990 Director, Franco Zeffirelli+ 1992 Director, Maria Muat+ 1996 Director, Kenneth Branagh+ 2000 Director, Campbell Scott, Eric Simonson

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FRBR Display - Serial

Atlantic monthly Atlantic monthly (Boston, Mass. : 1993) Atlantic (Boston, Mass. : 1981) Atlantic monthly (Boston, Mass. : 1971) Atlantic (Boston, Mass. : 1932) Atlantic monthly (Boston, Mass. : 1857)

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FRBR Display - Serial

Atlantic monthly Atlantic monthly (Boston, Mass. : 1993)

Online Paper Microfilm

Atlantic (Boston, Mass. : 1981) Atlantic monthly (Boston, Mass. : 1971) Atlantic (Boston, Mass. : 1932) Atlantic monthly (Boston, Mass. : 1857)

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Circulation: Place holds at “Work” or “Expression” level rather than only at manifestation level

(VTLS and OCLC demonstrate this)

FRBR Benefits

HamletEnglish

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British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog)

ACOSTA (CHRISTOVAL).Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o

Another copy.

The same. Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o

Another copy.

Tractado en loor de las mugeres. Venetia, 1592. 4o

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British Museum 1841(“full and accurate” book catalog)

ACOSTA (CHRISTOVAL).

Tractado de las drogas, y medicinas de las Indias Orientales, con sus plantas. Burgos, 1578. 4o

Another copy.The same. Ital. Venetia, 1585. 4o

Another copy.Tractado en loor de las mugeres. Venetia, 1592. 4o

Person Work Expression Manifestation Item

LC Control No. : 47023612 LCCN Permalink : http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612 Type of Material : Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Personal Name : Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Main Title : ... Hamlet, traduit par Andre Gide.Published/Created : [Paris] Gallimard [1946] Description : 2 p. l., 7-237, [2] p. 17 cm.

CALL NUMBER : PR2779.H3 G5Copy 1 -- Request in : Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or

Area Studies Reading Rms

Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616. Hamlet. French.

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http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612

http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?SC=Author&SEQ=20080513101540&PID=29879&SA=Shakespeare,+William,+1564-1616.

http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?SC=CallNumber&SEQ=20080513101540&PID=29879&SA=PR2779.H3





Work

Person 49

http://lccn.loc.gov/47023612





Expression

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Manifestation

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Item

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Internet

Catalogs are no longer in isolation Global access to data

Integrate bibliographic data with wider Internet environment Share data beyond institutions

Internet “Cloud”

Databases, Repositories

Web frontend

Services

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Database/format ScenariosBib record (flat-file)

Lee, T. B.

Cataloguing has a future

Spoken word Audio disc

1. Metadata

Donated by the author

Bas

ed o

n G

ord

on D

unsi

re’s

sl

ide

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Database/format ScenariosBib record (flat-file)

Author:

Title:

Content type:

Carrier type:

Provenance:

Subject:

Lee, T. B.


Spoken word

Audio disc

Metadata


Name authority record

Name:

Subject authority record

Identifier: …

Label:

Identifier: …

Bib record (description)

Item information

Manifestation information

Expression information

Work informationFRBR record

RDA content type registry

Label:

Identifier: …

Spoken word

RDA element registry

RDA carrier type registry

Future record

ONIX

FRBR registry

Bas

ed o

n G

ord

on D

unsi

re’s

sl

ide

Work title: Cataloguing has a future

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Author:

Title:

Content type:

Carrier type:

Provenance:

Subject:Lee, T. B.


Audio disc

Metadata


Person information

Name:

Concept information

Identifier: …

Label:

Identifier: …

Item information



Work information


Label:

Identifier: …

Spoken wordRDA carrier type registry

Linked Data

Work Title: Cataloguing has a futureCataloguing has a future

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Author:

Title:

Content type:

Carrier type:

Provenance:

Subject:Lee, T. B.


Audio disc

Metadata


Person information

Name:

Concept information

Identifier: …

Label:

Identifier: …

Item information



Work information


Label:

Identifier: …

Spoken word

RDA carrier type registry

Package for Data SharingFuture record

Lee, T. B.

Metadata

Spoken word

Audio disc

Work Title: Cataloguing has a futureCataloguing has a future

Communication format record

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Author:

Title:

Content type:

Carrier type:Cataloguing has a future

Package for Displays

Future display

Lee, T. B.

Spoken word

Audio disc

( )

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VIAF – Personal Names

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Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) Entity-relationship model

• Entities: Group 1, 2, 3• Relationships• Attributes (Elements)

User tasks• Find• Identify• Select• Obtain

National level record elements (mandatory & optional data)

FRBR–Based Systems

Work

Manifestation

Person

Expression

Manifestation

ItemItem

Item

Concept

Corporate body

Person

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Documents

1 FRBR Presented by Dr. Barbara B. Tillett Chief, Policy & Standards Division Library of Congress for the American Library Association July 10, 2009