1

Introduction to Memory

Module 24

2

The Phenomenon of Memory

Memory - learning that has persisted over time. Our ability to encode, store, and

retrieve information.

3

Stages of Memory

Keyboard(Encoding)

Disk(Storage)

Monitor(Retrieval)

Sequential Process

Gettinginformationinto memory

Retaininginformationover time

Takinginformationout of storage

ENCODING STORAGE RETRIEVAL

4

Encoding Failure: Which is the correct penny?

It’s me!

Menu

It’s me!

5

Flashbulb Memory

Flashbulb memory - a highly emotional event can cause a clear, strong, and

persistent memory.

6

Information Processing

Atkinson-Shiffrin (1968) three-stage model of memory includes a) sensory memory, b) short-

term memory and c) long-term memory.

Bob

Dae

mm

rich

/ The

Im

age

Wor

ks

Bob

Dae

mm

rich

/ The

Im

age

Wor

ks

Fra

nk W

arte

nber

g/ P

ictu

re P

ress

/ C

orbi

s

7Menu

Atkinson-Shiffrin model of how memory works

8

Working Memory

Alan Baddeley (2002) proposes working memory to contain auditory, visual processing controlled

by central executive, through episodic buffer.

9

Baddeley’s Model of Working Memory

9