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Tens of millions of cultural digital Tens of millions of cultural digital objects available through objects available through

Europeana: Europeana: how can they be used by schools?how can they be used by schools?

EMINENT Conference, RomeEMINENT Conference, Rome

5 December 20085 December 2008

Rob Davies,Rob Davies,

Scientific Co-ordinator Scientific Co-ordinator

EuropeanaLocalEuropeanaLocal

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Digital Libraries Initiative (DLI)Digital Libraries Initiative (DLI)http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/index_en.hthttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/index_en.htmm

Flagship project of i2010Flagship project of i2010

Letter by six Heads of State and Government to the Letter by six Heads of State and Government to the European Commission (2005)European Commission (2005) Advocated creation of a virtual European libraryAdvocated creation of a virtual European library Aiming to make Europe’s cultural and scientific records Aiming to make Europe’s cultural and scientific records

accessible to allaccessible to all

Positive response from the CommissionPositive response from the Commission Outline strategy: Communication "i2010: Digital Libraries" Outline strategy: Communication "i2010: Digital Libraries" Communication on ‘access to scientific information in the Communication on ‘access to scientific information in the

digital age’ (2007)digital age’ (2007)

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Focus of the DLIFocus of the DLI

Make Europe's rich and diverse cultural and scientific Make Europe's rich and diverse cultural and scientific heritage easier and more interesting to use onlineheritage easier and more interesting to use online for work, leisure and/or studyfor work, leisure and/or study books, films, maps, photographs, music, etcbooks, films, maps, photographs, music, etc combine multicultural and multilingual environments with technological combine multicultural and multilingual environments with technological

advances and new business modelsadvances and new business models

Two strands: Two strands: Cultural heritage:Cultural heritage:

build a common European Digital Librarybuild a common European Digital Library Scientific heritageScientific heritage: :

ensure current and future access for research and innovation ensure current and future access for research and innovation purposes (HE: DRIVER)purposes (HE: DRIVER)

EU Vision: access, digitisation, preservationEU Vision: access, digitisation, preservation Promote competences Promote competences

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““For the users it is not For the users it is not important whether the important whether the sources of knowledge and sources of knowledge and experience are kept by experience are kept by archives, libraries or archives, libraries or museums, but to get museums, but to get access to the sources they access to the sources they want, and to be able to use want, and to be able to use these sources across types these sources across types of sources and sectors of of sources and sectors of institutions.” institutions.”

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Predecessor infrastructural projectsPredecessor infrastructural projects

TEL (The European Library)TEL (The European Library) Collaborative platform of 48 CENL national librariesCollaborative platform of 48 CENL national libraries Managed by Managed by The European Library Office, KL Netherlands The European Library Office, KL Netherlands Object level, standardised metadata, multilingual access Object level, standardised metadata, multilingual access Sequence of projects ((IST, eContentplus) 2003-Sequence of projects ((IST, eContentplus) 2003- Each bringing in more national libraries and advancing technicallyEach bringing in more national libraries and advancing technically Metadata/catalogue records – link to digital objects Metadata/catalogue records – link to digital objects

MICHAEL/MICHAELPLus (2004-8)MICHAEL/MICHAELPLus (2004-8) Driven mainly by Ministries of CultureDriven mainly by Ministries of Culture e-Tene-Ten Access to collection descriptions - link to Access to collection descriptions - link to

Research projects (Research projects (FP6/ICT) FP6/ICT) DELOS, BRICKS, QVIZ and moreDELOS, BRICKS, QVIZ and more

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End of 2006: full collaboration among EU National Libraries End of 2006: full collaboration among EU National Libraries

From 2007 collaboration to be expanded to Archives, From 2007 collaboration to be expanded to Archives, Museums and Audiovisual ArchivesMuseums and Audiovisual Archives

November 2007: November 2007: EDL FoundationEDL Foundation in place in place major European associations of archives, audiovisual archives, major European associations of archives, audiovisual archives,

museums and libraries as foundersmuseums and libraries as founders

2008: 2 million books, films, photographs, manuscripts, and 2008: 2 million books, films, photographs, manuscripts, and other cultural works accessible through prototype (was other cultural works accessible through prototype (was actually 3.5 million)actually 3.5 million)

At least 6 million works by 2010 (will be exceeded)At least 6 million works by 2010 (will be exceeded)

The roadmap to a European Digital LibraryThe roadmap to a European Digital Library

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EDL FoundationEDL Foundation

EURBICAEURBICA

FIATFIAT

ACEACE

EMFEMF

CENLCENL

LIBERLIBER

MICHAELMICHAEL

KBKB

ICOM EuropeICOM Europe

CERLCERL

INAINA

BABA

European Regional Branch of Intl. Council onEuropean Regional Branch of Intl. Council on

ArchivesArchives

Intl. Fed. of Television Archives Intl. Fed. of Television Archives

Association Cinémathèques EuropeennesAssociation Cinémathèques Europeennes

European Museums ForumEuropean Museums Forum

Conference of European National LibrariansConference of European National Librarians

Ligue des Bibliothèques Européennes deLigue des Bibliothèques Européennes de

RechercheRecherche

Multilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage inMultilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage in

EuropeEurope

National Library of The NetherlandsNational Library of The Netherlands

International Council of Museums EuropeInternational Council of Museums Europe

Consortium of European Research LibrariesConsortium of European Research Libraries

Institut Audiovisuel, FranceInstitut Audiovisuel, France

Bundesarchiv, GermanyBundesarchiv, Germany

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Thematic Network: Thematic Network: Europeana.Net (2007-9)Europeana.Net (2007-9) Large scale voluntary effortLarge scale voluntary effort Led by KB, NetherlandsLed by KB, Netherlands

Establish trust between the institutionsEstablish trust between the institutions

Create organisational structure for EuropeanaCreate organisational structure for Europeana Huge EC commitment (eContentplus, ICT PSP, FP)Huge EC commitment (eContentplus, ICT PSP, FP)

Tackle domain interoperability issues (standards)Tackle domain interoperability issues (standards) Item or object levelItem or object level

Prototype Prototype digitised contentdigitised content timeline based discovery, faceted browsing, personalisation timeline based discovery, faceted browsing, personalisation launched to Council of Ministers 19/20 Novemberlaunched to Council of Ministers 19/20 November huge demand, crashed on first day, to be relaunched mid-Decemberhuge demand, crashed on first day, to be relaunched mid-December

EuropeanaEuropeana

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Content infrastructureContent infrastructure

Support sensible levels of aggregation (digital libraries, Support sensible levels of aggregation (digital libraries, national cultural portals etc) for harvesting national cultural portals etc) for harvesting vary variable starting points across Europevary variable starting points across Europe

Implement Europeana specifications and toolsImplement Europeana specifications and tools harvesting OAI-PMH compliant repositories harvesting OAI-PMH compliant repositories map existing metadata to Europeana Metadata Application Profilemap existing metadata to Europeana Metadata Application Profile identify easy processes/tools for transforming metadata identify easy processes/tools for transforming metadata local vocabularies ‘SKOSified’ to enrich semanticslocal vocabularies ‘SKOSified’ to enrich semantics objects remain on original sitesobjects remain on original sites

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EuropeanaLocal (2008-11)EuropeanaLocal (2008-11) Best Practice NetworkBest Practice Network

improve interoperability of digital content held by regional and improve interoperability of digital content held by regional and local museums, libraries and archives local museums, libraries and archives

prove the value of local/regionally sourced contentprove the value of local/regionally sourced content large-scale pilot implementation: 27 countrieslarge-scale pilot implementation: 27 countries 200+ collections200+ collections estimated 20 mill items identified initially estimated 20 mill items identified initially

Local content for integrated Europeana prototype service Local content for integrated Europeana prototype service treasures held at local or regional leveltreasures held at local or regional level local collections held by libraries, museums and archiveslocal collections held by libraries, museums and archives visual material high in the mixvisual material high in the mix public domain ‘cultural’ records held by archives etc. public domain ‘cultural’ records held by archives etc. Promote content contribution from local users/communitiesPromote content contribution from local users/communities more digitisation needed for representation of all localitiesmore digitisation needed for representation of all localities

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Europeana content holdersEuropeana content holders

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EuropeanaLocal types of partnerEuropeanaLocal types of partner

EDLFoundation EDLFoundation 1 Ministry of Culture (as aggregators of local content)1 Ministry of Culture (as aggregators of local content) 2 national libraries (“)2 national libraries (“) 2 national museums (“)2 national museums (“) 3 national cultural agencies (“)3 national cultural agencies (“) 5 regional cultural authorities5 regional cultural authorities 7 public libraries 7 public libraries 1 local museum1 local museum 1 research foundation1 research foundation 1 regional digital library provider1 regional digital library provider 7 private sector organisations7 private sector organisations

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Open Archive InitiativeOpen Archive Initiative

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Europeana Semantic Elements (ESE)Europeana Semantic Elements (ESE) Metadata defined to match specific functionality of prototype Metadata defined to match specific functionality of prototype

Mixture of simple DC plus some qualifiers + 2 new elementsMixture of simple DC plus some qualifiers + 2 new elements ’’User tag’: public tags created by registered usersUser tag’: public tags created by registered users

No full Europeana ‘application profile’ proposed yetNo full Europeana ‘application profile’ proposed yet data used with existing schemas data used with existing schemas TEL application profile, DC (simple, qualified), MODS,METS. EAD, TEL application profile, DC (simple, qualified), MODS,METS. EAD, mapping and conversion done centrally at Europeana for prototypemapping and conversion done centrally at Europeana for prototype

Longer term scalabiity: prognosisLonger term scalabiity: prognosis

will require decentralisationwill require decentralisation automation of metadata conversion either at aggregator or central automation of metadata conversion either at aggregator or central

level level unmissable opportunity for Europe-wide interoperability unmissable opportunity for Europe-wide interoperability

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Metadata enrichmentMetadata enrichment

Mainly manually entered but also process text to look for person names

Similar technology as is applied by search engines, extracting keywords and assigning relevance according to frequency

Coverage is specified in any number of ways such as geographical names, administrative entities and coordinates. Need geo-metadata

Difficult to get disambiguous temporal metadata but possible

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Future ….Future ….

Europeana VI delivers first release early 2010Europeana VI delivers first release early 2010

Institutions/aggregators use ESE till thenInstitutions/aggregators use ESE till then

Integrate complementary infrastructure and standardsIntegrate complementary infrastructure and standards Object Modelling, Semantics, RSS/|ATOM, Language, Object Modelling, Semantics, RSS/|ATOM, Language,

Place/geography, Social networks, Collection identification, Place/geography, Social networks, Collection identification, Persistent identifiersPersistent identifiers

Rights expression (C20 black hole)Rights expression (C20 black hole)

Sustainability plan/business modelSustainability plan/business model Annual cost projection 2010 onwards = 3.6 million EURAnnual cost projection 2010 onwards = 3.6 million EUR EC projects + national ministries + site revenue (reuse)EC projects + national ministries + site revenue (reuse)

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OAI-OREOAI-ORE

Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) specs – Oct 17Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) specs – Oct 17 Object surrogatesObject surrogates Leverage core web architectureLeverage core web architecture

‘‘applications and services that can visualize, preserve, transfer, applications and services that can visualize, preserve, transfer, summarize, and improve access to the aggregations that people summarize, and improve access to the aggregations that people use on Web daily’’use on Web daily’’

Potentially interactive – not just one way like OAI-PMH Potentially interactive – not just one way like OAI-PMH Enriched metadata available in return to content suppliers Enriched metadata available in return to content suppliers

Run in parallel with OAI-PMH Run in parallel with OAI-PMH

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Re-use of Europeana contentRe-use of Europeana content

Make content available to other service providers Make content available to other service providers tourismtourism education (formal, non-formal e.g. museums)education (formal, non-formal e.g. museums) family historyfamily history humanities researchhumanities research publishing/media industries publishing/media industries through other search engines and services on the webthrough other search engines and services on the web

Commercial and non-commercial re-usersCommercial and non-commercial re-users Income stream needed for sustainability Income stream needed for sustainability what is the value added by Europeana worth?what is the value added by Europeana worth?

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ICT PSP Workprogramme 2009ICT PSP Workprogramme 2009

Objective 2.5 – Use of cultural material for education Objective 2.5 – Use of cultural material for education Funding instrument - Pilot BFunding instrument - Pilot B January 2009 call date, May 2009 deadlineJanuary 2009 call date, May 2009 deadline

Improve availability and relevance of cultural content for Improve availability and relevance of cultural content for lifelong learning use in multicultural/multilingual contextslifelong learning use in multicultural/multilingual contexts

Better exploitation of cultural heritage by education systems Better exploitation of cultural heritage by education systems Used by pupils and students in everyday learning activitiesUsed by pupils and students in everyday learning activities

Content which is included/to be included in Europeana Content which is included/to be included in Europeana critical mass to demonstrate impactcritical mass to demonstrate impact Identify quantity and quality of contentIdentify quantity and quality of content

Deal with rights/IPR Deal with rights/IPR

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Europeana-LRE interaction?Europeana-LRE interaction?

Search service which educators can use to identify Search service which educators can use to identify useful content (objects, packaged content)useful content (objects, packaged content) Segmented/’curated’ to assist the teacherSegmented/’curated’ to assist the teacher Curriculum relevance? (Who, What, Where, When) Curriculum relevance? (Who, What, Where, When) ‘‘Travels well’Travels well’ Quality/rightsQuality/rights

How would LRE ingest metadata?How would LRE ingest metadata? Harvesting/reharvesting infrastructure?Harvesting/reharvesting infrastructure? RSS ‘channels’RSS ‘channels’ APIsAPIs Metadata enrichment for educational use Metadata enrichment for educational use

Curriculum vocabularies, Learning Object specificsCurriculum vocabularies, Learning Object specifics

SustainabilitySustainability Culture24 (UK) funded by the DoE to provide service for Culture24 (UK) funded by the DoE to provide service for

schools schools 

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www.europeana.euwww.europeana.eu

www.europeanalocal.euwww.europeanalocal.eu

rob.davies@mdrpartners comrob.davies@mdrpartners com