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1/24/05 1www.a11y.org
FSG A11yStandardization
George Kraft [email protected]
http://www.linuxbase.org/~gk4/a11y/stds/
1/24/05 2www.a11y.org
The FSG
● The Free Standards Group is an independent, non-profit organization dedicated to accelerating the use of free and open source software by developing and promoting standards
● Founded in 2000 by the LSB workgroup● Consensus standardization of de facto
implementations● Driven by ISV requirements
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FSG Board
● Richard Brunner (Corporate Member: AMD)
● Dirk Hohndel (Corporate Member: Intel)
● Thorsten Kukuk (Corporate Member: SuSE)
● Jon "Maddog" Hall (Nonprofit Member: USENIX)
● Akio Kido (Nonprofit Member: Japan Linux Association; IBM)
● Ralf Flaxa (Individual Member; SuSE)
● Roger So (Individual Member; Sun Wah)
● Theodore Ts'o (Individual Member; IBM)
● Hideki Hiura (Individual Member; Sun)
1/24/05 4www.a11y.org
FSG Staff
● Jim Zemlin = President, Executive Director
● Daniel Quinlan = Vice President, Chairman of the Board
● Roger So = Secretary
● Erik Troan = CFO
● Nick Stoughton = ISO/POSIX Liaison
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FSG Workgroups
● LSB http://www.linuxbase.org/● OpenI18N http://www.openi18n.org/● LANANA http://www.lanana.org/● OpenPrinting http://www.openprinting.org/● Accessibility http://www.a11y.org/● DWARF http://dwarf.freestandards.org/● Open Cluster http://www.opencf.org/
1/24/05 6www.a11y.org
Product Standards
● Conformance requirements specified for a particular type of product, for the purpose of certification or branding:– LSB Runtime Environment
– LSB Internationalized Runtime Environment● http://www.linuxbase.org/test/registered.html
1/24/05 7www.a11y.org
Workgroup Deliverables
● Specifications– Application dependent API, ABI, and Commands
● Conformance tests in testing harness– Versus functional, unit, or system test
1/24/05 8www.a11y.org
FSG Adoption Criteria
● Specification– Upstream maintenance of implementation
– Multiple Linux distribution implementations
– Public review of release candidate specification
– DocBook SGML/XML formatted
– GFDL licensed
1/24/05 9www.a11y.org
FSG Adoption Criteria
● Certification– Conformance testing of implementation per release
candidate specification
– TETware (or other POSIX.3 compatible harness)
– GPL or Artistic licensed
1/24/05 10www.a11y.org
Specification Tiers
I. Runtime Environment– Application Binary Interfaces
– Application Programming Interfaces
– Application Dependent Commands
II. Development Environment
III. User Environment
IV. Sysem Management
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LSB Organization
1/24/05 12www.a11y.org
LSB Deliverables
● LSB Generic and Architectural Specifications– IA32, IA64, PPC32, PPC64, S390, S390X, AMD64
● Conformance Tests– Existence and behavioral (POSIX style)
● Sample Implementation● Application Battery● Development Environment
1/24/05 13www.a11y.org
LSB Timeline
● REVIEW: 10/99 gLSB v0.1 (gk4 becomes scribe)
● REVIEW: 7/00 gLSB v0.2 (gk4 becomes pm)
● REVIEW: 1/01 gLSB v0.4
● REVIEW: 3/01 gLSB v0.7 (gk4 becomes chair)
● REVIEW: 4/01 gLSB v0.8
● REVIEW: 5/01 gLSB v0.9
● RELEASE: 6/01 gLSB v1.0
● REVIEW: 12/01 gLSB v1.1 and archLSB-IA32 v1.1
● RELEASE: 1/02 gLSB v1.1 and archLSB-IA32 v1.1
● REVIEW: 2/02 archLSB-IA64 v0.9.9
● REVIEW: 5/02 gLSB v1.2 and archLSB-IA32 v1.2
● RELEASE: 6/02 gLSB v1.2 and archLSB-IA32 v1.2
● LAUNCH: 7/02 LSB v1.2 certification for IA32
● RELEASE: 10/02 archLSB-IA64 v1.2.1
● REVIEW: 10/02 v1.3 of gLSB, archLSB-IA32, archLSB-PPC32, archLSB-IA64
● REVIEW: 10/02 archLSB-S390 v0.5
● RELEASE: 12/02 v1.3 of gLSB, archLSB for IA32, PPC32, IA64, & S390
● RELEASE: 6/03 archLSB v1.3 for PPC64
● LAUNCH: 1/03 LSB v1.3 certification for IA32, PPC32, IA64
● RESCIND: 8/03 archLSB v1.3 for PPC64 recinded due to no glibc 2.2.5 support
●
LAUNCH: 8/03 LSB v1.3 certificaiton for S390
● REVIEW: 2/04 LSB v2.0
● RELEASE: 9/04 LSB v2.0
1/24/05 14www.a11y.org
LSB Cross Check
1/24/05 15www.a11y.org
LSB Marketing
● Dozens of articles● Dozens of interviews● Deliverables● Official Press Releases● Tutorials● Conference presence (FSG booth, BOF)● Workgroup presence (freedesktop.org, x.org, ISO)● Book
1/24/05 16www.a11y.org
LSB Adoption
● Most successful ABI in IT history● All major Linux distributions have adopted
– http://www.linuxbase.org/test/registered.html● ISVs guaranteed a binary compatible base● LSB 2.0.1 being adopted by ISO
1/24/05 17www.a11y.org
LSB Futures
● Expansion Procedures– Add new ABIs
– Add new Architectures● http://lsbbook.gforge.freestandards.org/contribute.html
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LSB Partnerships
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LSB Desktop
● New “desktop” specification for LSB v3.0– Specifying ATK v1.9.0
– Missing conformance test suites
– Is documentation adequate?● http://www.linuxbase.org/LSBWiki/GnomePlan3
1/24/05 20www.a11y.org
LSB Weakness
● Scope not large enough to support some ISVs– Introduced C++ in LSB 2.0
– Need freedesktop.org to deliver specifications & tests● Need to dramatically improve test case coverage● LSB has overcommitted resources● ISVs too sceptical and/or arrogant to adopt
1/24/05 21www.a11y.org
OpenI18N
● Globalization Specification● Fixed upstream libraries and commands● LSB Internationalization Runtime Certification
– Adopted by RHEL3 and SLES9
– Phase 1 (Tier 1 imported into LSB 1.3)● Phase 2 (Tier 3) being withheld from cert.
– User Environment hard to specify and test
1/24/05 22www.a11y.org
FSG A11y
● Specifications– Keyboard
– AT-SPI
– I/O● CAUTION
– Keep specification & testing scope tight & manageable
– Defer implementation & system integration to GAP
– Invent/design as little as possible
1/24/05 23www.a11y.org
Ally Specifications
● Documentation (DocBook SGML/XML)
– ABIs for Applications and ATs (ATK, IDL?)● Source Code Control (CVS)
– http://gforge.freestandards.org/scm/?group_id=19● Bug tracking (Bugzilla)
– http://bugs.freestandards.org/● Openly available at all stages (HTTP)
– http://gforge.freestandards.org/projects/a11y/
1/24/05 24www.a11y.org
API Work
● FSG A11y needs to work on APIs and ABIs– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/gtk/GtkWidget.html#gtk-widget-get-accessible
– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/atk/
– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/gail/
– http://developer.gnome.org/doc/API/2.0/at-spi/
1/24/05 25www.a11y.org
IDL
● Need to think about IDLs
– Does an ISV's application use these ABIs?– http://www.linuxbase.org/~gk4/a11y/idl/
1/24/05 26www.a11y.org
Conformance Testing
● Conformance Testing per Public Specification● POSIX.3 Test Methodology
– Special return codes● TETware and the Open Source Test Environment Toolkit
– Automated● Test Case Coverage● http://lsbbook.gforge.freestandards.org/test-expand.html
1/24/05 27www.a11y.org
PASS
● Pass - the test has been executed correctly and to completion without any kind of problem
● Warning - the functionality is acceptable, but you should be aware that later revisions of the
relevant standards or specification may change the requirements in this area.
● FIP - additional information is provided which needs to be checked manually.
● Unsupported - an optional feature is not available or not supported in the implementation under
test.
● Not in Use - some tests may not be required in certain test modes or when an interface can be
implemented by a macro or function and there are two versions of the test only one is used.
● Untested - no test written to check a particular feature or an optional facility needed to perform a
test is not available on the system.
1/24/05 28www.a11y.org
FAIL
● Fail - the interface did not behave as expected.● Uninitiated - the particular test in question did
not start to execute.● Unresolved - the test started but did not reach the
point where the test was able to report success or failure.
● Unreported - a major error occurred during the testset execution.
1/24/05 29www.a11y.org
TETworks Languages
● Supported TETworks Languages– C, C++
– Java
– Sh, Ksh, Perl, Tcl● http://tetworks.opengroup.org/contrib/contrib-3.6/templates/
1/24/05 30www.a11y.org
X11 Testing
● Lsb-test-vsw4: binary version of the LSB X Window System test suite. These tests are derived from the VSW4 XTest test suites.– http://www.linuxbase.org/download/index.php/test_suites/runtime
– http://www.opengroup.org/testing/downloads/vsw4.html
– http://www.opengroup.org/testing/testsuites/vsw5.htm
● VSM5 – Motif conformance test suite– http://www.opengroup.org/testing/testsuites/vsm4.htm
1/24/05 31www.a11y.org
TETworks Tutorials
● http://tetworks.opengroup.org/tutorial/
● http://tetworks.opengroup.org/documents/docs.htm
1/24/05 32www.a11y.org
A11y Recommendations
● Project Manage workgroup & subgroups– Roadmaps of specification & testing deliverables
– Weekly subgroup calls
– Action item tracking● Establish formal A11y steering committee,
committers, contributors, & procedures● Establish formal GAP steering committee,
committers, contributors, & procedures
1/24/05 33www.a11y.org
Deliverables?
● Specifications
– Keyboard, GAP (ie., ATK), I/O
● Conformance tests
– Keyboard, GAP (ie., ATK), I/O
● Application A11y Style Guide
● Application A11y How-To Guide
● Conf. Presentations, articles, press releases
● All deliverables complement implementation
1/24/05 34www.a11y.org
1Q05 Action Items
● Publish 0.1 of individual specifications● Get started on conformance tests● FSG booth at LinuxWorld (Feb)● DDC/OLS A11y Presentation (June)
– GAP overview and How-To● How-To article for Linux Journal
1/24/05 35www.a11y.org
Reference
● FSG Workgroup Committee Procedures
– http://www.linuxbase.org/~gk4/WorkgroupCommitteeProcedures.7.txt
● LSB Workgroup Charter
– http://www.linuxbase.org/policy/charter.html
● Building Applications with the Linux Standard Base, IBM Press, 2005, ISBN 0131456954
– http://lsbbook.gforge.freestandards.org/
● TETware and the Open Source Test Environment Toolkit
– http://tetworks.opengroup.org/