129772035 Florentino Garcia Martinez Echoes From the Caves Qumran and the New Testament Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 2009

7/30/2019 129772035 Florentino Garcia Martinez Echoes From the Caves Qumran and the New Testament Studies on the Te

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Edited by

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Associate editors

P W. FE J.C.

VOLUME 85


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Edited by

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LEIDEN BOSON2009


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L C C--P D

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G M.. . (S x J, ISSN 0169-9962 ; . 85) x

C U L D 2007ECIP .I x.ISBN 978-90-04-17696-6 ( : . )

1. D S C. 2. D S R NC. I. G M, F. II. . III. S.

BM487.E25 2009296.15522

2009012558

ISBN 978 90 04 17696 6

C 2009 K B NV, L, T N.K B NV B, H P,IDC P, M Nf P VSP.

A . N , , , , ,, , , .

A K B NV T C C C, 222 R D, S 910,D, MA 01923, USA.F .

printed in the netherlands


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CONENS

Q B O N .................... 1Florentino Garca Martnez

D S Mx ........................... 7imothy H. Lim

T P- J ..................................................................... 33George J. Brooke

T I P 2 ......................................................... 49John J. Collins

I P 2 4QFlorilegium N ........................................................................................ 67Eric F. Mason

I S S: Ex B Lx A D S S P E .............................................................................. 83Friedrich Avemarie

S P, F S, V M:R 4QInstruction 1 C ..................... 103Eibert igchelaar

4Q521 L Magnifcat Benedictus .............................. 119Stephen Hultgren

M C M 10 CD 45 ......................... 133Lutz Doering

, S P E H D S S .............................................................. 165Lawrence H. Schiman


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contents

L S R: W QS E C S ........................................... 177

Jutta Jokiranta

W S: C Q EC S A ........................................................ 211Eyal Regev

F R 4QInstruction E 5:216:4 ..... 231Jean-Sbastien Rey

P E H: J L B R ....................................................................................... 257orlei Elgvin

R P S: N Ex Ex .................... 279Benjamin G. Wold

B R R S Q N ................................................................ 299Albert L.A. Hogeterp

Ix R ........................................................................... 321

Ix M A ................................................................ 344


8/356

QUMRAN BEWEEN HE OLD AND HE NEW ESAMEN

F G MK.U. Leuven

Up y v C Uvy Lv I pj, pp y K.U. Lv R F(BOF) y F Sf R-F

(FWO-V), xp p D S S N .1T p y , y. T k

p y p f y.2 B I v , p , f p xp p y k p p .

O p y DS S vy 1947 py xp- k k vp y Cy f y.

T p . B ( p p p pv D S S p p p N ) y -x y 68 f y,

Q y; y py: Cy vp J, 15 D S, ; vp P y . T N D S S p J v-, y , p

1

Rpvy IO/03.01 BOF G.0119.04 FWO-V.2 S, , p y J.A. Fy,A Guideto the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature: Revised and Expanded Edition (GRp-C: E, 2008), 264273.


9/356

2 lorentino garca martnez

Sp y, ppy pp p , vy xp,

v y - I, N Cv y. T p p v 1947 1956 y Cy N .

B v pp , p k f x, . T p-y . p p y

py .3T k ,

: y p -p Q (y p Cv 1 py p p Cv 4); - p p E, pp Q; y p, S N , E y C.

N, py .4 S 1992 p xvy p Cv 1, k p p .5 T vy v

3 I py y B. J,A Classifed Bibliography o the Finds in

the Desert o Judah 19581969 (SDJ 7; L: B, 1971) pf Q N . Q Cy k p p 111129; F. GM D.W. Py,A Bibliography o the Finds o the Desert o Judah 197095(SDJ 19; L: B, 1996) 70 ky N; p S A. Pk, Te Orion Center Bibliography o the Dead Sea Scrolls (19952000) (SDJ 41;L: B, 2001) y 45 j N , v R.A. C N. S, Te Orion Center Bibliography o the DeadSea Scrolls and Associated Literature (20002006) (SDJ 71; L: B, 2008).

4 F y , F. G M, Q,60 p v, Te Qumran Chronicle 15 (2007): 111138, py112117.

5

T v DJD S (H S E S,Qumran Cave 1.III: 1QHodayota: With Incorporation o 4QHodayota- and 1QHodayotb(DJD 40) E P, Qumran Grotte 4.XXVII: (4Q5504Q583) extes en Aramens,deuxime partie (DJD 37) pp Nv C.


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qumran between the old and the new testament 3

v v

p.6

I f x, ,p y Cv 1, - x v , x p pp v Q. N y p v , v, p v pv . Oy x p-, y v p Q. T jy xp py, y, x, p- p,

ppp , ., v y . Ty y v p k . O , k p S p ( vy p ), vy p vp- k p P J f y y , y p p y y Q. My vp ( xp, y , v p, p f , , .), p ( , py, .), v y , pvy J y N , - .7 T p y v

6 I v Cv 1: R Cv 1 x Sxy Y A TDvy: A Ovv, E. (.), Proceedings o the Sixth Meeting o theIOQS Ljubljana 2007(SDJ; L: B, 2009) () Cv 11: Cv 11 Cx, C. Hp (.), Te Dead Sea Scrolls exts and Contexts (SDJ; L:B, 2009) ().

7 T v pj yp. T f p p y AL.A. Hp, Expectations o the End: A Comparative raditio-Historical Study oEschatological, Apocalyptic and Messianic Ideas in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Newestament(SDJ 83; L: B, 2009), k p- pj.

T y D S, Cy F- D S S N , .O S Py y F Av, J Py y L D, S L N , R. B


11/356


p J R p, y , ppp

, - y .8 B, v -p v v vp p pv p, y p p vp y Cy N .

T D S S pp J v p , , f ,

v vp pp J- Cy, B v v v .9 A y N S .

T D S S xpy p v H B y y p. I - v H B y k p J , , p k H B p p v Q.

S N p O y y p ,

v k p J p.A p y p

p ( x p Q N ), p

et al., (.), Te New estament and Rabbinic Literature (JSJS; L: B, 2009)().

8 T p k p- Pj, M Ppv.

S F. G M M Ppv (.), Defning Identities: We, Youand the Other in the Dead Sea Scrolls (SDJ 70; L: B, 2008).9 S F. G M, S, -, ? P x

x , RevQ 23/91 (2008): 383394.


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qumran between the old and the new testament 5

p -y xp f .

T, I p p vy p ( H B) I p xp y P J.

B D S S N v y v vp k p J : v H B. A vv p vp v

pv S y y p py, - p. T y k, , G Bk y: [] k p p .10

I y y vv , HB, I v xp Lv p p, D S S N, pp, xp, x p x p; p xpy py x H B; y Q N; x p H B; ,

p k y vp.T T Fy C

Uvy Lv D 3 6 2007 p vy, p , y py . B D Fy, P. M. L R Uvy, P. M. Vv,

10 G J. Bk, Te Dead Sea Scrolls and the New estament (Mp:F, 2005), xv.


13/356


pp , y Dp B K.U.

Lv y .11

T p v v pp. T v xp v p v S N . S , k y L, Bk, Jk, p pp p. O k , ppy k x. B y y GBk I:

T pp x pv D S S v N py J p xp y p. N S v DS S pp J k N xvy p , y y J py J P - y pp , p v x .12

I p p y pv yp Lv pj p y S N , p p .

11 I k py Syy P, p p pp Ix.

12 G. Bk, Te Dead Sea Scrolls and the New estament, xx.


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OWARDS A DESCRIPION OF HE SECARIAN MARIX*

H. LUnivrsity o Einurgh

Ov , v v b Q S N . Gz V z : Q E P C

b f . T , C- b C J R. OC f- E. O E Cb k, J .1V k E C b J . Lk V, I k b , f q .W I k

k b .

T I v v v v :

I b E, Q , b , J P . T b. T j, z

, , v bb - z . T HbBb O ; ,

* I k F G Mz v v Lv S N , f k. I k J C f , v .

1

Gz V, T D S Srolls: Qumrn in Prsptiv (v. .; L:SCM P, 1997), 191. S b T Q C, E, N C Srolls, Sriptur n Erly Christinity(L:& Ck, 2005), 4243.


15/356

8 timothy h. lim

J S . B . . . , , b.T , k I 40, J 31 Hbkkk 2:4, b f .2

T E 3 b L - b-.4A I v , k v , . I v,v ,5 q b v b. W I k v

b k .B , f .

1. T , , v v, . I k v v , b N . I , b : j k N Q . A , v, : z N . T , , v -, j bb .

2 H. L, T D S Srolls: A Vry Short Introution (O: OUv P, 2005), 1112. S , Eb

H. L . T D S Srolls in thir Historil Contxt(Eb:& Ck, 2000), 1.3 S S Q S P H C T

D S Srolls s Bkgroun to Postilil Juism & Erly Christinity: Pprsrom n Intrntionl Conrn t St. Anrws in 2001 (. J R. Dv; L:B, 2003), 1516.

4A Ltin Ditionry(., C . L C S; O: CP, 1990), 1119. T v b Gz V, T DS Srolls: Qumrn in Prsptiv (L: SCM P, 1982), 212, : T b Q N v . B v , q E C b, b

b .5 T Shortr Oxor English Ditionry on Historil Prinipls b WL, H.W. F J C v b C.. O. (3 .; O:C P, 1986), 2: 1290.


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towards a description o the sectarian matrix 9

I bj v, b I b . T k

qb , - J b Q C .6

2. A v - , b - v. I , Q-E C b b S J , V , b b v b

.E S 1992 , Juism: Prti n Bli 63

b.c.e.66 c.e.7 k J. I , S b , b J S-, E P. T bk b z, , v J k .8 b , S - v b F JRv, b b v -. F , J k , v k v b .9

T v S J, z - v . M H R D v, v

6 S S Q S, 135156, T L N P. Y 19 G 3:15 Whn Juism n Christin-ity Bgn: Essys in Mmory o Anthony J. Slrini (. D J. H, AJ. Av-Pk Jb N; 2 v.; L: B A Pb, 2004),2: 361376.

7 E S, Juism: Prti n Bli 63 b.c.e.66 c.e. (L: SCM P,1992).

8 M H Dv S, T Zlots: Invstigtions into th Jwish FromMovmnt in th Prio rom Hro I until 70 a.d. (Eb: & Ck, 1989), v.S M H R. D, E.P. S C J, J

PJS 46 (1995): 170.9 S, Juism: Prti & Bli, 3536. S M D. G, Rom& Jruslm: T Clsh o Anint Civiliztions (L: P Bk, 2007),383444.


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10 timothy h. lim

b v - v

, .10

W k S J N C, v . I bk J v J. I v b b J J N .

N, I S b

J, J, S J . T b - , b b k, b ( b). Mv, , v ( b P, S, E, yh, b , J, P , .) ( 11 bb ) , b ( -bb). E , , b b b bb - J , bb - J , v (bb -bb) J .

3. T , I v , . O , v E,

yh, b v, f.12

I z f Q E. O , P C, b J P

v M . E C

10 H D, E.P. S, 54.11 N bb q v; D, I, P, ,

N .12

I . S, , J J. C, T Y T Q C, Bilil ritions in rnsmission: Essys in Honouro Mihl A. Kni (. C H J M. L; L: B, 2006),8196.


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Q-E . Mv, v v P.

Comparing the Scrolls and the New estament

rminology

H b b b Q C ? O E . T Conis Oxor English Dition-ry(COED) 1)

v ( ); 2) . B , b , qv.

T v L st13 E v Gk , b (b v)14proirsis hirsis. T P Tproirsis (Contmpl. 29, 32 67) hirsis (Contmpl. 29), Eproirsis (Hypoth. 11.2). T b b k .15 T, b b proirsis hirsis v . P, z q v , b E v : T (prohirsis) b

v b z v

13 T L st , squi ; rtio (, k, ) vi (). P, Gk , b Essni gns sol (Nt. 5.17.4.73), q k , z v E .

14 O gnos ( T,Contmpl. 11) thison ( C , Hr. 99; P,Pro. 2).

15 J proirsis hirsis v k, , , v k ( ,

A.J. 1.169; ,A.J. 6.71; k,A.J. 6.91; , A.J. 15.6; , B.J. 1.199;

, C. Ap. 2.289; , A.J. 1.54; C. Ap. 1.214); (k, A.J.7.321; GA.J. 4.109); k ( , A.J. 7.160; Bb,A.J. 10.79, 10.247,12.363; A.J. 13.233; v B.J. 6.352; v B.J. 7.326); ( ,A.J. 13.231).


19/356

12 timothy h. lim

v . (Apologi pro Iuis [ Eb Prprtiovngli 8.67] 23).

I j . I b k ; , J z b v, J b J.16 B k j, J , . 4QMM v J v [] ] [ ; 4Q397 1421, 7). A

Q , - bb b f b . T vb v b v j, b k v. T, b vb b - v .

I j k v . I , , b b ( S J) . T J (mm h-rts), , ,, v, v v. T v v b, b .17

J hirsis b KAj bb (A.J. 7.347), - J (B.J. 2.118), , , P, S, E (A.J. 13.171; 13.288; 13.293; 20.199; B.J. 2.122; 2.137; 2.142;2.162). I N , hirsis

16 I k, , Jb N -k v J.

17

Ev b 70 c.e. , b A R, DD. B B O, T Anint Syngogu rom its Origins to 200 c.e.: ASour Book (L: B, 2008) A R, T Origins o th Syngogu:

A Soio-Historil Stuy(L: B, 2001).


20/356


C G(1 C 11:19; G 5:20). I , -

S (A 5:17), P (A 15:5; 26:5) J W (A 24:5, 14).

A Gk hirsis - COED 1) b ( C) ; 2) .T b C, b b. I , 2 P2:1 ( 100 c.e.) bb

, C : B , j b , b v (hirsis). T . O , , J b70 , J . T b. Hv, bb b v , v , b j , .

T b k (proirsis hirsis) : , , k v . T E, T, S, P C b . C, b v . W b

v k.T b, j . F , Q k v b Bb, bk ,18 bk v ( b P). T j- J bk v. Mv, Q 1 Enoh, Juils mpl

18 S A A R Dv Hb BbRvQ 77 (2001): 2737.


21/356

14 timothy h. lim

Sroll bb bk; N 1 Enoh (J 1415). B bk -

z v Hb Bb. T Q v bb .19 Bb , , v ; q -. F , P , Sj (J,A.J. 13.297), j . T E v , (J.W. 2.123, 137), v Sbb(J.W. 2.147), v v

(J.W. 2.1489).

Dfning St

I v. S Cv , z v.

A , z b b b G .20

I C v v. I v , ,

19 E-bb v Hb Bb . F , b f N 10:35 13:31.

20 S C, From th Ms to th Mishnh (2 .; Lv: W

J K P, 2006), 1209. C - Rb J 35, v I 5566, v G N 10:29. T Rb-b t. C N, T S E L Q T Hrw Bil n its Intrprtrs (. W H. P, B H Dv N F; W Lk, IN: Eb, 1990), 16788, v , / .T A. B T Flourishing o Jwish Sts in th Mn Er: An Intrprttion (L: B, 1997), z b k , bz, . S J Jk, Intity on Continuum: Construting

n Exprssing Strin Soil Intity in Qumrn. Srkhim n Pshrim (P.D. .,Uv Hk, 2005), E Rv, Strinism in Qumrn: A Cross-CulturlPrsptiv (B: W G, 2007), Dv J. C, . Strinismin Erly Juism: Soiologil Avns (L: Eq, 2007).


22/356


b q b b v ,k Q-E , , k

P, -v, .21 I S . C b - B W , I v .

I z, z,b . C z . A b z, v

z , v b. I v b I. T k v ; -b v v , k , v , b , - -.22 T b b . H b C .

Siz. I v b Q-E C - J , b .23T b z vb. T b b Kb Q b v-. A P v E b (Nt. 5.73),

b . B P J E J. Lv T b M Lk

21 L, D S Srolls. A Vry Short Introution, 7980.22 C, From th Ms to th Mishnh, . 121.23 T v b J. B Di

Bvokrung r Grihih-Romishn Wlt(Lz: Dk & Hb, 1886). S, B MG, P P. H J ? Jwsin th Hllnisti n Romn Citis(. J R. B; L N Yk: R, 2002), 88106.


23/356

16 timothy h. lim

E,24 v Q-E v J.

T C , b K Hk, f , z, , , M b.25 T C- , k P, b: c.e., P (kosmos; R 1:8); A A, J b J v - (muris) J v bv C (21:20). Hv, C . F A Hk,

Hk 100 c.e. C- , v b , v . Hk , b O (. 185254), vv v R E C. I c.e., R E , - b . T k C b .26 O k ,27 b b Q-E b C v b.

24 T b T E

b Gz V b . I F G Mz A v W GH E E. C J E. Jwish WomnPhilosophrs o First-Cntury Alxnri: Philos Trput Ronsir(O:O Uv P, 2003).

25 K Hk, C Nb I JECS 6 (1998): 185.26 E R Sk, T Ris o Christinity: A Soiologist Ronsirs History

(P: P Uv P, 1996), 511, f b b T M. F, M E T Erly Chris-tin Worl(. P F. E; L: R, 2000), 1: 2956. A , b 33.9 C b 350 c.e. F

, Rb M. G, Erly Christinity n Soity: SvnStuis (L: C, 1977), 78.27 Hk bk k v

(C Nb I, 184).


24/356


Orgniztion

T b b v Q-E C z.

V :

T k Q C z . A , Q - J-C b , v b b J bv .28

S, V v,

v -b P b P b v .F V, E G v , P G .29

A V , , , b Dmsus Doumnt mqqr k k(CD XIII, 9), b J

. . . 1 P 2:25. V G yh, pqi , . I 1QS, Mk, b (1QS I, 1, V, 1 IX, 21) ; v b (1QS VI, 1113); v k (1QS VI,14, 2122). B , -

z b b P . J P E, v ,, , Dmsus Doumnt 1QS.30

28 V, Qumrn in Prsptiv, 199.29 V, Qumrn in Prsptiv, 199.30 T v (P, Apologi

10; J,J.W. 2.123,J.A. 18.22). T k (J,J.W. 2.134), b , j q (J,J.W. 2.146), b bj (J.W. 2.134).


25/356

18 timothy h. lim

, b v f Q E . T

C yh(1QSVI, 8), bk - (CD 13), E v (J, J.W. 2.150). I ,, v z . Nv, z k v b , I , b J , b -

vb f.

V , . I b. O v , bE E C, v b .31 B v q- Q J .32 A 2:4445 :

A bv ; b , .

V A S A 5:111 Q, - b f b q (1QS VI, 2425). W k Q v; b ( ).V b C . B ; b vv b b, , , b , b (. 1QS VI, 20). Mv, f-

31 V, Qumrn in Prsptiv, 197.32 V, Qumrn in Prsptiv, 197.


26/356


; Q q ( ) bk v (

), A S (A 5:5, 10), b v .

A, Q J . B b. Nv, v v J , P, S Z. P ,

k b b b f . I I - z. I v b , v b, k f .

oos or ounris

T z f b. b , C b,- , b yh J E.33 Y, b b Q Q-E b J b. F , v b v S J . T b b

; - I40:3; J b J v E. A b, v, v f: Mk J b , Q , E J Jb q b .34

33 S J J. C, E, ABD 2:632.34 H. L, P, L , EDSS 2:6389.


27/356

20 timothy h. lim

R, J K b f .35 H J, P , -

b , b v . O, J v b f , . T f Q - .

b, z K Hb Bb k . Lv 1115 Nb 19 b , , . T

, , (b, ) k (). I , vb , b v b . B , HC Lv 1726 Nb b K . T bbv, b v I, (Lv 18:2430), (Lv 19:31; 20:13) b (N 35:3334). T - b b b .

I J, f -bb b . T z . Kbv P, P, bb . T Q, v, v b v , - J

G k, .S, b b ,b k (.., 1QS VI, 24VII, 25). K b b( b) :

A Q, b . . . . T v : I v , v

35 J K, Impurity n Sin in Anint Juism (O: O U-v P, 2000).


28/356


, v b , v b v v . A v , v b z b .36

I bv K b b Q-E C -, v b J. T I k b k.

F, v- b

Hbkkk P .I 1QHb XII, 69 VIII, 813, , K j : bb ( ) ( ); b ( ) v ( ) v.37 R , [] v .38N b b . T b ( )

( ) v, b , .39 T ( ). I , Wk P bb b b b. Gv b, v , bb, b .

O 1QHb VII, 813, K ( B) -

Wk P b vPv16:5, q b ( ).Y bb :

L: A b L v ; b b.

36

K, Impurity n Sin, 133.37 K, Impurity n Sin, 7778.38 K, Impurity n Sin, 69.39 K, Impurity n Sin, 26.


29/356

22 timothy h. lim

T LXX j k

b . I , bb D 8:14 Ezk 31:10, b . Mv, Wk P v, XII, 69, b b b G b k .

S, CD b - - b. b , - k, CD , b b b Q b b -

; 2 , Ez,N,Juils mpl Sroll. I K A CD, -k B I 24:17, -.H q , v k . T CD K v Q .

T K. T v v b J-C , v b A 15:28 P G (2:1113). F K v , b b b.

Rligious ils

S b J -: J bv 1) G v ; 2) v b G I; 3) , , v. F S, b J .40 B J J q 1) v G; 2) f; 3) bv Sbb k b

40 T J R THistoril Figur o Jsus (L: P, 1993), 2.


30/356


k; 4) v k ; 5) v v . W J v

G-R M J . I bv f, k q, b v :T k b J b , v , G.41

I v, v J C - q b :

1) A I ( 1QS V, 5; VIII, 9;

G 6:16), ( CDI, 4; 4Q174 1.3 II, 2; R 9:27 R 11:5). TC , , bv v (Lk 22:20; 1 C 11:25; 2 C 3:6; Hb 8:8;12:24), b J b . T v (Hb 8:13;9:15). Tyh b , b , v b v v ( CD IV, 9; VI, 19; VIII,21; XX, 12; 1QSb III, 26; V, 5; V, 21; 1QHb II, 3). I v.42 T yh, v, b ( 1QS VIII, 510 [4Q259 II, 18]; 4Q174 1 2 I.6) j P - v (1 C 3:1617; 2 C 6:16),b v - I 28:16 b

. T f - , b ( ) k f () R 9:33 ( ) 1QS VIII, 8. Tb Dmsus Doumnt v; v - ( CD VII, 6) -z

41

S, Historil Figur o Jsus, 37.42 S , T C R Cv: B J- C T Community o th Rnw Covnnt(. E U J VK; N D: Uv N D P, 1994), 326.


31/356

24 timothy h. lim

, yh, v ,

Sbb b ( CD XI, 17).T E b b

I, , b , b b b . B P J E . P, b S - , E v ( Pro. 88) J P(A.J. 15.371) D (A.J. 18.22). F J, v, b . J E z ,

b v b (), v f . Cq, ( A.J. 18.19). T q b b; k b Dmsus Doumnt - .

2) V (A.J. 13.1713). J P bv b () k ; E ( ); S ( ), , v. T E S b, P b. J

b b z.Tyh v bv v b Mk b ( ) k(1QS III, 13IV, 26). T tolot ( ), - ( ) ( ). T G: G k b b ( ) b

b (1QS III, 15). Ev P L

A Dk v : A


32/356


H b S k ( 1QS III, 24). T v

I v , b I I.

Lk v b , yh v b . D v k, A Dk (

1QS III, 212), , , k. T G ( G H , 1QS III,

23) v z , v , b.

T b b. T v v-. I G v, k : v b. A, v b, v b v , , b . T v , v, .

T 1QS IIIIV; k . I Rulo th Community, b 4QSb 4QS, . W b Rul o th Com-

munity, bb ( ) v.

T N v b ,b P R.Lk J, P v G I H : H k () I (11:2). Hv, P I b k . Lk , Pq I b I:

I I (), [] Ab ( 9:67). R,


33/356

26 timothy h. lim

, , - (), ( 9:8).T , ,: I ( 9:3), Ab; G ( 9:8).I, I. B I Ab ? O , b , P . P I b G :

: I b b S (9:9). T bb - q G 18:10, 14, .43 P b v G I b .

A , P v , b bb , b v G, I J b G: , J, b ( 9:24). G I , b G v b (R 11).

T b b P v D-P . Hv, . I I, P , I J, , G. Mv,

v vv G k I b bv J: k (), () S (8:29).

3) A v b.A J, E (); v; - - v (B.J. 2.119120). S E () , -

43 J A. Fz, Romns (L: Gf C, 1992), 561.


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(B.J. 2.120121).44 P E v (Apologi 1417).

T v . F J, E, v, bv b (B.J.2.160). T E (), b , v b v (B.J. 2.161).

T E z b .T k v , -, bk, (P, Pro. 76;Apologi

89). T (P, Pro. 76; P, Nt.5.73; J, B.J. 2.122; A.J. 18.22) (P, Apologi4), b b . P b v ( ) v(Apologi 11), k v . J v (B.J. 2.126).

T E (P, Apologi 1112). J- P (A.J. 15.371) b (B.J. 2.128133). T b b, b k . T b , b b v , , b G v . B v k b b . A ,

bk k v k v b .

T P S ; vv v v v k J . T yh, v, .Lk E b Rul o th Community v , v b . T b : f

44 P E sin ull min (Nt. 5.73).


35/356

28 timothy h. lim

( ) 1QS IV, 7 v b b bk G (1:22,

28; 8:17; 9:1, 7), b f . T b Dmsus Doumnt v ;v, v (CD VII, 68; XV, 56).

A C, J v k G ( M 19:12), v k b (Lk14:26; 18:29). P v v (

G 3:28), v - (1 C 7:29), b v (1 C 7:17).Cb v, v, v C v.

4) A b . T - J. I J , , b H 6:2, P 16;73, 84, Ezk 37, S 41:4, 1 Enoh D 12.45 T ,v, v v b .

J E bv ; b b -b v (B.J. 2.154). T Gk j v b O. A , E b . I Ruttiono ll Hrsis, v, H (170236),

E (9.27). H E, J Jwish Wrbk 2,

45 S J J. C, Dnil(M: F, 1993), 3948; E P, Lroyn s Essnins n l vi utur: immortlit, rsurrtion, vi trnll? Histoirun royn ns l jusm nin (2 v.; P: Gb, 1993); N.. W, TRsurrtion o th Son o Go(M: F, 2003); A F. S, Li Ar

Dth: A History o th Arli in th Rligions o th Wst (N Yk: Db,2004); G W.E. Nkb, Rsurrtion, Immortlity, n Etrnl Li inIntrtstmntl Juism n Erly Christinity( ; Cb: HvUv P, 2006).


36/356


b b . B .

A , 4Q521 k , vv ( ), b v. T b Qb, b , . A , - . A-, v, v ( 1QS IV, 78), v. T Hoyotv v v, b

v.I -k bk A 23:110,

P S v S- P b , P, bq b . T k, b ,b P bv S . J A.J. 18.12 16 b b v A.

I b C - k . P, , C : C b . I C b , (RSV1 C 15:1617).46

A 5) T f -

. T bb . I j I , bv (J 1:8). P b E bb - (Pro. 80). W v J C , J 31, Hb 2.4, D 21,A 5, Ezk 4048, . B

46 S H Cv, Li Ar Dth: Puls Argumnt or th Rsurrtion o thD in 1 Cor 15, Prt I. An Enquiry into th Jwish Bkgroun (L: G,1974).


37/356

30 timothy h. lim

f.47 A, v bb ,

, b b Mzk (11QM Hb 7) N J (4Q5545, 5Q15, 2Q24, 4Q232,11Q18, Rv 1921).

T N b - q : (1 T 5:49); E 5:8; 1QS I, 911;II, 1617; 1QM I, 1, 3, 9,11, 13; XIII, 56); k b k(1 T 5:5; . J 17:12); k (G 2:16; R

3:20; 3:278; 4Q174 12 I, 7; 4Q396 29); G (R3:2124; 1QS XI, 12); v (1 C 3:9; 3:1617;1QS VIII, 116); v v (1 T 5:48; 1QS III, 13VI, 26); D 21:2223 k (b ; G 3:13; 4Q169 34 I, 7; 11Q19 LXIV, 613)

v (G 5:19, 23; 1QS III, 13IV, 26). I k ; v, q b b .48

Epilogue

B q ,I b b S J. I v

k J b. A , v,z b z, z, b b, . T Q-E b

47 I k b b Q P . Y , b . H. L, Pshrim(L: C, 2001), 83.

48

S , G J. Bk TD S Srolls n thNw stmnt(L: SPCK, 2005) J A. Fz, T D S Srollsn Christin Origins (G R: E, 2000). S T Srolls nth Nw stmnt(. K. S; N Yk: C, 1957).


38/356


C ; C b b -

J. Oz, b yh J . P, / k, fv b k , - . T v v b. A , v b ; v , b : 1) v

I; 2) v ; 3) v v , - b, ; 4) b , vv b j ; 5) k bb , J Hb Bb, b J.

A v b v b v E, yh, b , P C S J.T J, b , J -, -v b .


39/356


40/356

HE PRESECARIAN JESUS

G J. BUniversity o Manchester

I. Introduction

I 1968 Wm H. Bw w: T Qm

m mv C, J.1 H w x w w m m v Qm v mm Nw m v m Nw m, m w w f C m x vw J, w J m m v . Tm v J m w Qm mm w mvm w w ,

mm m w mv Bw m.A f w

J Gz Vm. P m , mm , Vm J Jw m

w m Qm m w w w .2 T, , w m .3

1 Wm H. Bw, J Qm, Jesus and the Historian: Written inHonor o Ernest Cadman Colwell (. F. Tm ; P: WmP, 1968), 52.

2 S Gz Vm, Jesus the Jew: A Historians Reading o the Gospels(L: C, 1973).

3 Vm m Qm S v w C, , m, m

q J: T Im D S S S Nw m, JJS 27 (1976): 116; . Te Gospel o Jesus the Jew (RMm L; Nw : Uv Nw , 1981),17 . 65.


41/356

34 george j. brooke

J w G,4 , w w J, w m Jm.

J w m m, m m, w Qm w m v . J w ,w w Qm mm w , Lv, mv w, v m (mqdsh dm) (4Q174 IV, 6). I J m v mz v , w mvm mz Qm

,5 v m m w . F mm Qm mm w ,6 J w w v w w, w mm, m m - m.7 T E m Nw m; J m , m w mm m m-f c.e. T, w w JJw, v w J m m mm Qm w mvm w w .8

F Cv4 Cv 11 m 1991, w Jm H. Cw, w m f m v w m -v w E J, m xm

4 S, .., S F,Jesus: A Jewish Galilean (L: & C I,2004).

5 T w mm J , , Qm Rule o the Community Rule o the Congregation m, v , wJ Qm m J D. C mmJesus: A RevolutionaryBiography(S F: HSF, 1994), 17981.

6 Jm D.G. D, Jesus Remembered (C M 1; GR: Em, 2003), 604605, vw J , w, m vw E P.

7

S Tm Kz,Jesus and PurityH: Was Jesus Indiferent toImpurity?(CBN 38; Sm: Amqv & W, 2002), 347.8 T w J mm S

Hz-W K, J, EDSS, 404408.


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the pre-sectarian jesus 35

m w. w Bw, Cw, w w

w Bw m, x f Em J. F v J S, S w m m, m S (M 2:27)9 x w vww m Damascus Document(CD X, 14XI, 18) v S, x f m v v w m S(CD XI, 1314; M 12:11; L 14:5).10 Cw w

: xm ( )v J m E.11 F v - Cw xm, mm B () War Scroll(1QM XIV, 7).12 H m J m v M 10:212 w m m emple Scroll(11Q LVII, 1718).13

F m 1996mm J G T A Mz m w

9 T m Mw L m Q; , J S. K, Te Formation o Q: rajectories in AncientWisdom Collections (SAC; P: F P, 1987), 82 . 141.

10 T Qm vw S Qm JmD v m J : Jm D,Jesus Remembered,

568 . 110. T m v vw Qm ,m m (1QS I, 1011; M 5:4348; L 6:2728,3236), w D m -mm, w v v m m w w: D,

Jesus Remembered, 587 . 194. T m w m v. F D f x w m.

11 Jm H. Cw,Jesus within Judaism: New Light rom Exciting Archaeologi-cal Discoveries (Nw Y: D, 1988; L: SPCK, 1989), 67.

12 Dv F v x w M m , w v m w m J: B P S . . . IEJ10 (1960):

113; . Judaism and the Origins o Christianity(Jm: M P, 1988),11525. Cw m v m J:Jesus within Judaism, 70.

13 Cw,Jesus within Judaism, 72.


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36 george j. brooke

v .14 T m m wv m Qm

v v m Jm ww J w m, w- ( -) Qm .

A w J Jw Qm m, , w J Qm. I w w m m Qm - m , w Jm - (v -)

q- m m m m - J. A m w-w, I w J w m m - - m Qm v, wm v Jw w J, , J m -, mv w m w -m - vw. T m m - ( -) m Qm J, m m v w m w mv q w. T - - m

Jm , m v Qm , v

m m. Sm v v v v wvw , m w. T m J J mvm xm J w mf, m w C w x.

T m m - m m w J

14 G T A Mz, Der historische Jesus: Ein Lehrbuch (G:V & R, 1996; . J Bw; L: SCM P, 1998).


44/356


. Pm, x m15 x w Nw m m m

w J m v w ww m w .I m m (1) - -, (2) q- (w w ), (3) -w ; (4) m w m ,w z m v. Smm m , m x m, w m.

-, m w J - - m Qm m -, m vv Jw Am Hw m w m,w P Jw m G m v

vw w, w m w. I m v f - m Qm .

II. he Deeds o Jesus

T m m - m f w m J m Jw w v - Prayer o Nabonidusx.16 I m x J - m Jw

m f m vm D . I v Jw, m w v

15 A v w Mx Gm, I m m w m -v .

16 S J J. C, 242. 4QP N , Qumran Cave 4.XVII:

Parabiblical exts, Part 3 (. Jm C. VKm; DJD XXII; Ox: CP, 1996), 8393. I 4Q242 C I Gv, J v m (M 9:2; M2:5; L 5:20) (. 91).


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38 george j. brooke

- q- m Qm , m v

17

Am x Genesis Apocryphon.18 I m q- m, 11Q11,19 v. Fm, v q- 4Q521 w m v.20 T w m 4Q510, Songs o the Sage, w x m (tnywt bny wr).

T x m mm Nw

m v v x - Jm m J. F xm, P C - Am P Genesis Apocryphon w .21 T-fv Gz Vm m m m Genesis Apocryphon Prayer o Nabonidus w Jm w J m Jw m w v mf.22 T x : x, J , .

T x x. Hm S-m, w w w xm , v J xm w

v m m. F Sm m J v m x. H

17

S, .., J A. Fzm, obit (Cmm E Jw L;B: G, 2003), 243, xm m w Nw -m .

18 F w Genesis Apocryphon m m Nwm, J A. Fzm, Te Genesis Apocryphon o Qumran Cave 1 (1Q20):

A Commentary(BO 18B; Rm: Pf B I, 2004), 213.19 F 11Q11 F G Mz, E J.C. Am S. v

W, Qumran Cave 11.II: 11Q218, 11Q2031 (DJD XXIII; Ox: CP, 1998), 181205.

20 A Jm D.G. D, Jesus Rememebred, 669.21 P F. C, Te Lie o a Galilean Shaman: Jesus o Nazareth in Anthropo-

logical-Historical Perspective (Mx, T B M Cx 3; E:

C B, 2008), 294. C v Dv F,H L- H D S S, IEJ7 (1957): 107108;. Judaism and the Origins o Christianity, 2122.

22 Vm,Jesus the Jew, 6569.


46/356


m G , m m , Dv Sm x ,

qm m w . T m G w .23 F Sm, v J v m m o God,24 v J w x v G. T E w z m .25 T vw w C, v m J. T m Sm : x,J .

W w v xm - - m m Qm ?A Jw w J f, m w ? M q. A m J w Jewish War, w E w w m w w m (B.J. II, 136). W m w E , vw w ? A, , m xv Jw m P-P Dv m S v ,26w v z m vv. I w m Qm m m v m w Jm w xm . J m

, ; C- vm J xm m x m w Qm. I w Sm m , w : T E w z m .

23 Hm Sm, Te Library o Qumran: On the Essenes, Qumran, John theBaptist, and Jesus (G R: Em; L: B, 1998 [Gm

1993]), 237.24 Sm, Te Library o Qumran, 238 ( ).25 Sm, Te Library o Qumran, 238.26 LAB 60:23.


47/356

40 george j. brooke

T , , w E, m w m m

J ; , , Prayer o Nabonidus, w m J w w J v v m w C, w Em v - m w Qm .

III. he Sayings o Jesus

A J w m w, J x w mmz, x w w m m . F m v, , w m v mmz J, m Q (wM),27 v , -

w m v Am - m Q.28 F , , w f G J v m J m w w m mm .29 I v w v.

m m v q m m m Qm v

Nw m I m . Tm w Sm , , , v w m

27 I N Am JSm.

28 E.., M P. C, Aramaic Sources o Marks Gospel(SNSMS 102; Cm-: Cm Uv P, 1998); m,An Aramaic Approach to Q: Sources

or the Gospels o Matthew and Luke (SNSMS 122; Cm: Cm UvP, 2002).29 A, N Am m Cx

G.


48/356


Qm , w (m) m , m -

-, q-, -w .30

F f m m m w mm vm wv m. F m, x v w , w w m -xv . Am x m w-v mm Jubilees, m x , Apocryphon o Jeremiah w . I

m m w Qm w w wm v Qm mvm w w .31 T m w - /- m m Qm, J , x , w - J m v m - q- m . L m m- m- .

A m v I w m . I m m J m-m m, G (wv m m), , v wm , . S, f, J , w m w m Qm v. Ax J

v -: m Qm mm m w v w x; mm v w w x;

30 I m m m . I -w m m v , m - m m

- m v.31 T m v Rule o the Community w w mm m .


49/356

42 george j. brooke

mm vw .32J m m Qm

w w m w , m v mm w vw Q w M S 1988.33T m , xm Q m B Am, S v , vw Q w J m m , Q.34 I m w vw m m

w Qm vw m w - J m.

S, v m J - v wm G, I w m m Qm v x-. O Msr lMvn (Instruction); w w - m m b.c.e. v . A f mw wm m Jw m- w x A; m mw v. T w m m mw m

m wm w. Pm v m m v m G wm m w

m m , , .35

T raz nihyeh, m m,

32 Ax P. J, Mediating the Divine: Prophecy and Revelation in the Dead SeaScrolls and Second emple Judaism (SDJ 68; L: B, 2007), 56.

33 M. S, Q und Prophetie: Studien zur Gattungs- und raditionsgeschichte derQuelle Q (WUN 2/29; : M, 1988).

34 S, .., D C. A, Jesus o Nazareth: Millenarian Prophet (M:

F, 1998); B W III,Jesus the Seer: Te Progress o Prophecy(P:H, 1999).35 J S D H, Qumran Cave 4.XXIV: Sapiential exts:

Part 2 (DJD XXXIV; Ox: C P, 1999), 9.


50/356


wm m. J C mv w : w -

4QInstruction, wv, w w v f xm wm x w x f .36 F 4Q416 1 1016 C w w x m m v w, w v .37 F m m m m m fm, C , Mw G 4QI mv

w. T x wvw m v. 4QI v.38 G m m x v m w w m w .39

T Msr lMvn - w J. Nw Nw m J ,40 Nw m v w v J . T m m w-m , w w J v f v, m w v m m Q.41 A v J Qm -

36 J J. C, T Ez Wm D S S, Sapiential Perspectives: Wisdom Literature in Light o the Dead Sea Scrolls: Proceedingso the Sixth International Symposium o the Orion Center or the Study o the Dead SeaScrolls and Associated Literature, 2022 May 2001 (. J.J. C, G.E. S R.A. Cm; SDJ 51; L: B, 2004), 4961, 50.

37 C, T Ez Wm D S S, 52.38 Mw J. G, Te Worldly and Heavenly Wisdom o 4QInstruction (SDJ 50;

L: B, 2003), 215.39 G, Te Worldly and Heavenly Wisdom o 4QInstruction, 171.40

C, An Aramaic Approach to Q: Sources or the Gospels o Matthew andLuke, 17.41 S, .., R A. P, Wisdom in the Q-tradition: Te Aphoristic eaching o

Jesus (SNSMS 61; Cm: Cm Uv P, 1989).


51/356

44 george j. brooke

x Msr lMvn w vm Qm Mw G, w 2005

v xv m w, m Msr lMvn - Q.42 G Q v J K w Qmv w m wm w wm m.43 G m m G (M 4:11; M 13:11; L 8:10) w MsrlMvn raz nihyeh, m , mm vw J , Q, m

v v, G x v x m w.

C w wm m m wm Msr lMvn m wm Qm w m x G v, m Songs o the Sabbath Sacrice, w I q-m.44 I 1999 Songs o the Sabbath SacriceC Nwm mm G Songs othe Sabbath Sacrice v w. S G w w w:

T m m G Sabbath Songs w m m m .I w v w, G v w (4Q400 . 12.714; 4Q403 . 1 2.2324). m G m m -x I (, .., P 24, 29, 93, 96; I 6) S m m (.., P 103:1922, 145:1013; D 3:53|55

[LXX]). T x Sabbath Songs w m

42 Mw J. G, D : 4QI SB S S Q, JBL 124 (2005): 65773.

43 J S. K, Te Formation o Q: rajectories in Ancient Wisdom Collec-tions; m, Excavating Q: Te History and Setting o the Sayings Gospel(M,

MN: F P, 2000).44 I xv x m, S m m Jubilees.


52/356


w w m x Gv z x.45

T m f G - Songs o the Sabbath Sacrice m A M.Swm.46 S f q ( ) m ( ) Songs o the Sab-bath Sacrice m m m m -C Jw Jw vw G v, Songs o the Sabbath Sacrice wxv v m w m . Nv, w w m Qm m J, m v fmf J: JB v G z S Z V v, m m v w.47 S w Songs o the Sabbath Sacrice w J

Jm m, .Swm Songs o the Sabbath Sacricem w Dv Dm B Fm w m - w w v .48 Fm, m v Msr lMvn m- v w v

45 C A. Nwm, Angelic Liturgy: Songs o the Sabbath Sacrice (PT Sm D S S P 4B; : M S; L-v: Wm J Kx P, 1999), 6. (T vm - Jm H.Cw.)

46 A M. Swm, G K K S- Qm, Knigsherrscha Gottes und himmlischer Kult im Judentum,Urchristentum und in der hellenistischen Welt(. M H A M. Sw-m; WUN 2/55; : J.C.B. M [P S], 1991), 45118.

47 Swm, G K K S Qm, 118.

48 Dv Dm, M A: T S-Im Qm Cmm,

Religion and Politics in the Ancient Near East (. A B; S x Jw H C; B, MD: Uv P M, 1996),93103; B F, In a Common Rejoicing: Liturgical Communion with Angelsin Qumran (S Sm U 14; U: U Uv, 1999).


53/356

46 george j. brooke

w , w Qm mm

(w m -, m ) v. Msr lMvn - Songso the Sabbath Sacrice x m, Qm f b.c.e. c.e. m v m v v m m v, w H-m, H Rm; x w m m w w G v .

C w m m? A f D M J m m ;49 w m D S S w w v v Jw v x q vw m J J . MC m m w - m G q J wm, m, m.50 S m m mm .

A v v I w xm, v v. T v xm 4Q521,51 -Messianic Apocalypse.52 J C, , w w 4Q521 D S .53 F m m m - q-. T w

49 D M, J J , Jsus de Nazareth:Nouvelles approaches dune enigma (. D. M, E. N J.-M. P; LM B 38; Gv: L F, 2003), 293317.

50 M C, An Aramaic Approach to Q: Sources or the Gospels o Matthewand Luke, 30.

51 I v m G J. B, Te Dead Sea Scrolls andthe New estament(L: SCM; M, MN: F P, 2005), 7982.

52 F 4Q521, - M A, m P, Qumrn Grotte4.XVIII: extes hbreux (4Q5214Q528, 4Q5764Q579) (DJD XXV; Ox: C

P, 1998), 138. P x w m E(. 38), I w J C - w, w m x .

53 J J. C, T W M, DSD 1 (1994): 106.


54/356


m ( G m) m w J C q -

S w 4Q521; w mm . Wv m Q 7:1823, w F N, 4Q521 xm topos m v.54 I N m m J K- w 4Q521 m J Q 7:22, v w w Q w m J ww, Q 7:22; 10:1314 10:2324 q J

w m w.55 Nv xw 4Q521 m - v G.

T v xm -Msr lMvn.I 4Q416 2 III, 35 4Q418 9 w w w m, m:[ ] [, f. A] v v , [ v , w v m ].56 m w v wv m m. S H w wm m :T stichs q w v w (. S 8:12;45:16; Pv 22:7) .57 I - (M 25:1430; L 19:1127) J m x

v, m m m w w , f . W w wm w m . Hwm x? I xm v

54 F N, Q 6,2021; 7,22 I 61, Te Scriptures in the Gospels(. C M. ; BEL 131; Lv: PUv P, 1997), 62.

55 J S. K, T S G Q Q H

J, HR 89 (1996): 30744.56 C m v 4Q418 F. G Mz E. , Te Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition, 2.865.

57 S H, Qumran Cave 4.XXIV: Sapiential exts: Part 2, 114.


55/356

48 george j. brooke

m J? T m Q, v w Mw L m

U Lz w w v .58 I J w w m x m m v?59 T m m m wm w J m. P v v w wm .

T m-v wm, v v- m-v m -

J, - - m m Qm v m m J.

IV. Conclusion

I v m Qm w - -, q-, v w - -

m m , f b.c.e. Jm m , f w v w w m. T m vw m J C . S J m w, x Qm , - , w Nw m m-, m m

J, w m w x, , m v . F w w J - w v v w Nw m w.

58 U Lz, Matthew 2128 (Hm; M: F P, 2005),248.

59 D,Jesus Remembered, 421 . 210.


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HE INERPREAION OF PSALM 2

J J. CYale

A E H, y C v . H y q, v

P 2 2 S 7:F G v y,

Y y ; y I v y? (P 2:7)

O ,

I , y (2 S 7:14).1

I y H, H A f Q,

x .2

H - x y y C ky .3

O x A H - Florilegium, 4Q174.4 T y , v D 33, 2 S 7, P 1, 2, 5.5 T x 2 S 7 2 S 7:1011,

1 T D 32:43 (LXX), P 104:4; P 45:67; P 102:257; P 110:1.

2 H W. A, Hebrews: A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews(H; P: F, 1989), 50. H 4QFlorilegium 4Qestimonia.

3 I.4 A S, Der Midrasch zur Eschatologie aus der Qumrangemeinde

(4QMidrEschata.b) (SDJ 13; L: B, 1994) 4Q174

k, 4Q177. G Bk, F, EDSS1:197 x v .

5 S y S, Der Midrasch zur Eschatologie, 2333.


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50 john j. collins

Ex 15:17 D 23:34.6 T y 2 S 7:11. T v

2 S 7:1114, H: I , . T, , B Dv, I L y, A 9:11 (I Dv ). A v, : M Hy k k (P 1:1). I y pesher, 2 S 7. Oy

v P 1 , I 8:11 Ezk 37:23. T v P 2 . Oy v.

T q y , v . G Bk - v .7 T v , Bk, incipits, y . T 2 S 7:14 B Dv, ky . T q P 2 k v , P 2.2 v P 2.7 M, ky , P 2.6 k .8 H 4Q174 2 S 7 P 2 y.9 T x y -

H 1. I y A 13:3334 P 2:7 y q I 55:3: I v y y Dv,

6 F 1, 21, 2. S, Der Midrasch zur Eschatologie, 25, 3 x.

7 G J. Bk, S Ix I D S S N , Te Dead Sea Scrolls and the New estament (M:F, 2005), 7094, 75. T y Biblical Perspectives:

Early Use and Interpretation o the Bible in Light o the Dead Sea Scrolls (. M.E. S E.G. Cz; SDJ 28; L: B, 1998), 3557.8 I., 76.9 I.


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the interpretation o psalm 51

2 S 7. W Florilegium y P 1, P 12

qy, y x A.10 T . T y P 2.

Bk vy y A S-, 4QFlorilegium .11 I , 4Q174, P 2 x S J. T P 2

N , y J,12 x,13 .14S , v, y S J, Pss. Sol. 17, , v P 2 4Q174.15

he Relation between 2 Sam 7 and Ps 2 in 4Q174

A v 2 S 7 P 2 x 4Q174 x.S H.16T Q x 2 S 7:1014, 2 S 7:14,

10

P M, D V v P 2 S, , Q, J N , Beitrge zur Psalmen-orschung: Psalm 2 und 22 (. J S; FB; Wz: E, 1988), 85151(859); H.L. Sk P. Bk, Kommentar zum Neuen estament aus almudund Midrasch (6 v.; M: Bk, 1924, 1989), 2:725; Ber. 9; J.A. Fzy, Te

Acts o the Apostles (AB 31; N Yk: Dy,1998), 516.11 A S, P 2 k J, Gottessohn und Menschensohn:

Exegetische Paradigmen biblischer Intertextualitt(. D S; Nk-Vy:Nk V, 2004), 18997: D A v v2 S 7 P 2 v 4Q174 G z N.

12 M 3:1617; Mk 1:1011; Lk 3:212.13 A 13:3334.14

Rv 12:5; 19:15 , . P 2:9. O P 2 N M, D V, 11318.15 S, P 2, 197.16 S, P 2, 195.


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52 john j. collins

P 2:12 P 2:7.17 T .18 T P 1 .

T , 2 S 7. M x y y 4Q174. I Encyclopedia o the Dead Sea Scrolls,Bk x :

Ov, y v x y . . . T y vy G y

I . T Dv .19

S y.20Mv, k y M, y v.S y AP-K.21

Mv, Bk k, P 2:2 y k

I. H q v y qy Dv : P 2:2 I, y , Dv .22 Ay, y v, y .

17 T Bk y .

18 M, D V, 1001. W.R. L, A N Cy S 4QF,JBL 78 (1959): 3436 k

x 4Q174.19 Bk, F, 298,20 S, Der Midrasch der Eschatologie, 214.21 S, P 2, 196. I Der Midrasch der Eschatologie, 12934,

4Q174 + 4Q177 Dv (P141). C. E P, La Croyance des Essniens en la Vie Future: Immortalit,

Rsurrection, Vie ternelle (P: G, 1993), 573, . 20.22 Bk, F, 298. S G.J. Bk, Exegesis at Qumran. 4QFlorilegiumin its Jewish Context(JSOS 29; S: JSO, 1985), 148.; J Z,

Messianische exte aus Qumran (WUN 2/104; : M Sk, 1998), 110;S, P 2, 197.


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S z P 2 -

v . I 2 S 7 Dv y. Sv 4 y S,23 q k.24 I G Bk: I (P 2:2) k L y Ex34:29, v . T x P 2, v, v 67. T

v y. B y v .25 W y v x .

he Messianic Interpretation o Ps 2

I y z P 2, P 2:19, -x

,26 x , f y J k J.27 T k, y y ; y

23 S, Der Midrasch zur Eschatologie, 32.24 Bk, Exegesis at Qumran, 158. M, D V, 1001,

y.25 Pace S, P 2, 197: D I Z v P 2,1

kkv V G-P V

.26 S H-J K, Psalms 159: A Continental Commentary(M:F, 1993); . Psalmen 1. eilband, Psalmen 159 (5 .; BK; Nk-Vy: Nk V, 1978), 126; Ek O, P 2 y Z.Ay Mv K, extarbeit. Studien zu extenund ihrer Rezeption aus dem Alten estament und der Umwelt Israels. Festschrif rPeter Weimar (. K K T M; AOA 294; M: U-V, 2003), 33549; , P T K zy Ay. D H P 2 18 Kx, Mein Sohn bist du, (Ps 2,7): Studien zu den Knigs-

psalmen (. E. O E. Z; SBS 192; S: V K Bk,2002), 3365; Mk W. H, Te Body Royal: Te Social Implications o Kingship

in Ancient Israel(L: B, 2005), 601.27 J.A. Fzy, Te One Who Is o Come (G R: E, 2007), 20;S.E. G, T M P, King and Messiah in Israel and the

Ancient Near East (. J Dy; JSOS 270; S: S A P,1998), 212.


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54 john j. collins

I v y, k y Ey x N K .28

Py, Dv k k v k -I J, Ey .29 S , yG, x , , .30 T ky. Ik x y .31I q ky, v, v - -x .

A v , v,

y y x y x. Bv C P 2 v , y P y - vy f . . . I, , k y, y k v G M?32C R P 2 , P 89, k k/ G (P 89: 267).33 S G, , x y

28 S y O, P T (v . 23); K K, D K S G, Mein Sohn bist du, (Ps 2,7): Studien zu den Knigspsalmen (.E. O E. Z; SBS 192; S: V K Bk, 2002), 1115.

29 T C k J k f P 110, k v Mzk. S J Dy,

T C I I My, King and Messiah in Israeland the Ancient Near East(. J Dy; JSOS 270; S: S AP, 1998), 7290.

30 E.. E S. G, Psalms: Part One, with an Introduction to CulticPoetry(FOL XIV; G R: E, 1988), 48. F vv P F H, D H , (P 2,4), Gottessohn und Menschensohn: Exegetische Studien zu zwei Paradig-men biblischer Intertextualitt (. D S; B-T S 67;Nk-Vy: Nk V, 2004), 15888, 160. H v. 7 k -x (161).

31 I A Y C J J. C, King and Mes-siah as Son o God(G R: E, 2008), 124.

32 B.S. C, Introduction to the Old estament as Scripture (P: F,1979), 5157 (516).

33 C R, Die messianische Redaktion des Psalters: Studien zu Entstehungund Teologie der Sammlung Psalm 289* (S: C, 1999).


62/356


k, Dv yy, ,

M k.34

F J. C MC, y . . . v P q v y, v Dv (P 2), Dv k (P72), y yy (P 89).35T x P 2 y v. (UkP 89, P 2 k v Dv). B yx v,

.A Gk P v

v , H . J S k .36 F x, P 110 (LXX109) -x () k y y G Dy-S.37 B - P 2.38 T L, y y , y Iv y, y. T v k G, y v , P 2:2, y .T S P 2 y, .

34 G, T M P, 2256.35 I., 227. C. J. C MC, Bk IIII E P

H P, Te Shape and Shaping o the Psalter (. J. C MC;JSOS 159; S: JSO, 1993), 93107.

36 J S, Eschatology in the Greek Psalter(WUN 2/76; : MSk, 1995); , D S-P Dk E, Die Septuaginta zwischen Judentum und Christentum (. M H AM S; : M Sk, 1994), 3861.

37 S, Te Eschatology, 102.38 O LXX P 2 M, D V, 8991. H Gz,

Lebenszeit und Ewigkeit: Studien zur Eschatologie und Anthropologie des Septuaginta-Psalters (BBB 134; B: P, 2002), 337, v. 6, k G k, y k .


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56 john j. collins

Psalm 2 in the Pseudepigrapha

T v P 2 S- J P. I P 2, S k y x P k : Psalms o Solomon,yPs. Sol. 17, Sib. Or. 3:6648 . Levi 4:2. I . Levi, L y y . . . y , .T 2 S 7 P 2, vv y . T -

Sib. Or. 3 k k J , k . I P 2 x y . Psalm o Solomon 17 x P 2, S vk x: Similitudes o Enoch (1 En.48:10) 4 Ezra 13.

he P S

T v P S v k q J y Py 63 b.c.e. T R x (17:11).39 B Py y v y. T y k G, L, y Dv kv I, v k y (17:4). R k, ,

v Dv, 2 S 7. B y v Py v :

, y v . T y (k ) . . .W y y ;Ty Dv (7:57).

39 K Ak, I Cried to the Lord; A Study o the Psalms o Solomons Histori-cal Background and Social Setting(JSJS 84; L: B, 2004), 1356.


64/356


65/356

58 john j. collins

, v k D 17.

T vy k G:T L k, G (17:34). A , -vq , .43 W , v , y - .44

Psalm o Solomon 17:27 y k y k y G. S v

, x, .45 I k xy G , x

v Dv v P 2. B v z, k, x y, k y . P k G, , y(R 8:29), C y.T q v Psalms o Solomon.T y .

he S E

P 2 vy k Similitudes o Enoch. T Similitudes (. 3844; 4557; 5869), y v.46 T y (37) . 7071. T

y vy

43 S G.W.E. Nk, Jewish Literature Between the Bible and theMishnah (v. .; M: F, 2005), 242.

44 S J.J. C, Te Scepter and the Star (N Yk: Dy, 1995),4972

45 S, P 2, 197, . 29.46 G.W.E. Nk, D S() E Bk P,

Enoch and the Messiah Son o Man (. G B; G R: E-

, 2007), 2347 M.A. K, T S C Bk P, Enoch and the Messiah Son o Man (. G B; G R:E, 2007), 4864. C Similitudes G.W.E. Nk J.C. VK, 1 Enoch. A New ranslation (M: F, 2004).


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C O, R O, S M, .47 T

, 1 En. 46, y D 7, y. E y, k . A , k ; k y (46:1). I , y, v .D , , . H k y (46:1). W (M 60:45; 69:14; 71:3;

71: 8,9,13), k .48M S M Similitudes

E 1 En. 71:14, E v : Y (: ) - . . . W .49 I y y y . I y Similitudes E v y . R, , vy , E y .

T x S M y v 48:23: A L S, H Dy. Ev , v , L S.T 48:6: F ()

v. W

47 J.C. VK, R O, M, C O, S M 1 E 3771, Te Messiah (. J.H. C; M: F, 1992),16991.

48 O S M C B, K- M H 3771, Gottessohn und Menschensohn:Exegetische Studien zu zwei Paradigmen biblischer Intertextualitt (. D S;B-T S 67; Nk-Vy: Nk V, 2004), 769;H.S. Kvv, T S M P, Enoch and the Messiah Son o Man

(. G B; G R: E, 2007), 179215, 189.49 S y Te Apocalyptic Imagination (v. .; G R: E-, 1998), 18791, Y C C, King and Messiah as Son o

Man (G R: E, 2008), 9094.


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60 john j. collins

x 1 En. 48: 2 E, 48:6 qvy S M x

.50

Sy, 1 En. 62:7 :F , M H v , v .

I Similitudes v v y S M y y D, yy . A LXX P 110

k/ Dy S.T Similitudes v S M y D y. B - , k v S I.51 O qy S M Dv , Dv .52 T (49:14) I 11.53 H k v

(51:3; 55:4; 61:8; 62:2; 69:29). T P 110. H : , y (62:2).

Mv, k 48:10 v- L S A O. A JT z, P 2:2.54 A 52:4,E v y A O. A, L

50 G Sk, Weisheit und Messias: Die jdischen Voraussetzungen derurchristlichen Prexistenzchristologie (: M/Sk, 1985), 15394.

51 F v S I, J T,Der auserwhlte Richter (SUN 12; G: Vk & R, 1975),114126; VK, R O, 189.

52 S S, Gesalbter und Knig: itel und Konzeptionen der kniglichenGesalbtenerwartung in rhudischen und urchristlichen Schrifen (BZNW 105; B:

Gy, 2000), 338.53 T, Der auserwhlte Richter, 138.54 I., 56: D Z k P 2,2 . C. S, Gesalbter

und Knig, 331.


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A P 2 k. I - Similitudes S M

Dv, A, M, L, kv Dv k v--v .T Similitudes x

x , -x, . T x LXX P 110 I 9, y angelos, .55 A , y , 4 Ezra 13.

4 Ez 13

Fourth Ezra x y, v.56 T y v.57 O v, . 13. T Ez v y I . I v. A I k k, fy

v . . .T fy v

D 7. T x D 7 , 4 Ezra 12, Ezxy: T y v k v D y . B y I y(4 Ezra 12:11). Mv, 13 v D 2, y

k v . T v.

T D 4 Ezra 13 v . Ay v

55 S Y C C, King and Messiah as Son o God, 3.56 F y M.E. S, Fourth Ezra: A Commentary on the

Book o Fourth Ezra (H; M: F, 1990), 135; C, Te

Apocalyptic Imagination, 195210.57 M.E. S, T Q M 4 Ez, Judaisms and Teir Mes-siahs (. J. N, W.S. G E. F; C: C UvyP, 1987), 20924.


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62 john j. collins

k x . (C y M 1:4, k x). M y,

k . H v k . T y . T P 2. T Z, y (P 2:6). T k I 11:4. k, k y k.

T , , L Sy v, y

(13:32, 37).58 T y 4 Ezra 7:28.59M S Gk v v H v .60B v Gk , W 2: 13, 16, G G . I 4 Ezra 13, y , x, M. Z, y P 2, v.61 T y 4 Ezra 7:28 y k P 2, v 2 S 7.

Ev 4 Ezra -x, Dv, 4 Ezra 12:32: M H k y, y Dv. H , . I 7:29,

400 y. T y x y Dv . I - M S, Dv y k.62 W

58 S C, Te Scepter and the Star, 1845.59 S, Gesalbter und Knig, 349, y C

x, v 4 Ezra.60 S, Fourth Ezra, 20713 (Ex R F).61

C. M. K R.J. C, Te First and Second Books o Esdras (CBC;C: C Uvy P, 1979) 7:28.62 M.E. S, Features o the Eschatology o Fourth Ezra (A: S P,

1989), 13132; S, Gesalbter und Knig, 351.


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k v y Dv .

Ps. Sol. 17 Similitudes o Enoch, 4 Ezra - y v P 2 J x . T v y . Ps. Sol. 17 4 Ezra xy Dv. T Similitudes . I Pss. Sol. 4 Ezra , v x. I Similitudes , . Oy4 Ezra z v . B 4 Ezra Similitudes, v, -x , v . Ty

y y S , vy , y .

he Scrolls

I , S , P 2 xy D S S.63

T , y , B O I 11, , y J Z.64 O (G 49 4Q252, I 9 1QH 11) y. Ev 2 S 7 y Florilegium. W y y . I k, v, S v y .

T , v, v x.65 T

Rule o the Community y - G (1QS 2:1112). T () -y .66 T x 1950 Mk C

63

S, P 2, 192.64 C, Te Scepter and the Star, 6467.65 T y S, P 2, 191, k y.66 M, D V, 1015.


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64 john j. collins

v ( ).67 Gz V, v , y

.68 T G , v, v . I , y k P. I, J W v H qvy: T P 2.69

A v v v y 4Q246, -A Ay S G x, S G S M H. I v x

.70 S vy y Mk, S G v , x vy G.71 I yky. By q xy. I Lk 1:32 G My , S M H, LG v Dv. H v J v, k . I 1:35 : S G. T Gk S M H S G xy A Q. B x v

67 P.W. Sk, Bk Q S, CBQ 21(1959): 74, y z , A, C, S, [Sk], 1955, x .

F.M. C, Te Ancient Library o Qumran (3 .; S: S A

P, 1995) 76, . 3. T (y, , y yT G J L, y L.H. S, Te EschatologicalCommunity o the Dead Sea Scrolls (SBLMS 38; A: S P, 1989), 54, y y C . E P, P - R C (1QS 1122), RevQ 16(19931995): 361, v.

68 G. V, Te Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English (v .; L: P-, 2004), 161.

69 J.W. v H, T H P, Redemption and Resistance.TeMessianic Hopes o Jews and Christians in Antiquity(. M. Bk J.C. P;N Yk/L: & Ck, 2007), 22.

70 C, Te Scepter and the Star, 15472; Y C C, King and

Messiah as Son o God, 6574. S J Z, Messianische exteaus Qumran (WUN 2/104; : M Sk, 1998), 12869.71 A S, T E R P GCv Ex

Q x, RevQ 17(1996): 50725.


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k. T N v x Q

x. N called be G. I H , v , .72I y , x , D v y A E . T G , , x y x k, y v x B Dv 4Q174, x Ix M 1QM 17:7, : x y M v , I v f. I S y k v D 7, k v y I, vy , .12.73 T yy vv G -.

I k G 4Q246, v P 2. T A x y, y y .

F G Mz G 4Q246 vy Mzk 11QM S M D 7 . . . H , vz, Mzk vy S M.74 I k G y vy .

H Pss. Sol.17. B G Mz y - v vy . W v P 2 vy Similitudes o Enoch 4 Ezra. Ty z D 4Q246

72 S Y C C, King and Messiah as Son o God, 4854.73 J J. C, Daniel: A Commentary on the Book o Daniel (H; M-

: F, 1993), 304310.74 F G Mz, M F Q x, , Qumranica Minora II. Tematic Studies on the Dead Sea Scrolls (SDJ 64; L:B, 2007), 1332, 24.


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66 john j. collins

y x vy .B y I x

P 2.

he Florilegium Again

N y y P 2 4Q174. I v I, y . B J Fzy,

x .75 D v , Florilegium x B Dv y, S z. T y xvy x y k . I v P 2, xy k G, I, k G Bk, v x 2 S 7 P 12 -. , x y

Florilegium, x, x k G y x x y x x y.76

75 J A. Fzy, Te One Who Is o Come (G R: E,

2007).76 Bk, Exegesis at Qumran, 16974, x Florilegium y, F .


74/356

INERPREAION OF PSALM 2 IN QFLORILEGIUMAND IN HE NEW ESAMEN

E F. MJdsn Unvsty, En, Ins USA

I x J Su vy - g u g D S S

k C N . Ev uyx v v u u u u u k, P u .1 A x, v, y x uzu vy gfy DSS N, P 2 v g x. A v , Qu y C Dv u v

u g G . T x kg Ju G y u N u, Qu .T , v, v ux P 2:2.

T ug u u .F, gv P 2 H B. Nx, u x g - uz N ,

u A H. T u u xu v u P 2 D S S. Fy, y x QF .

1 T gf P Qu uy y

x , y P F: Ag D S S Bk Psas quy y k, v P Qu uy. S P F, P,Bk , EDSS 2:70207, . 702.


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68 eric . mason

I. Psalm 2 in the Hebrew Bible

P 2 y f g y (g P 18, 20, 21, 45, 72, 89, 101, 110, 132, 144), g P 1 u u g k.2 T v v v M, uu u v f ug u. T f v g Y ; gv v ; G kg Z;

u g y g G G kg. A f z , . Bgg u-g ; uy y j y ugy.3 Ku f

v 2 u Y y x u vux v. 3.4

I 1990 J . W u uvy j ug g u . O u W uy g C , .., gy x u Ju .5 T uy C g u qu N. W guy uy xg x.6

2 H Guk uuy g bnafd y , ug u f vu u. S S R.A. Suk, Ct Oacs n th Psas: T S-Cad RyaPsas n th Ancnt Na Eastn Cntxt (SBLDS 172; A: Sy B- Lu, 1999), 2. S Suk, Ct Oacs, 1966 uvy yu y uy. O P 2, J Lug, P, Bk ,ABD 5:52236, . 533.

3 C Auguu Bgg, T Bk Psas (ICC; 2 v.; Eug: & Ck,1906), 11; Su , T Psas: Stphc Stct and Tca Cntay(E C Cy; G R: E, 2002), 80.

4

H-J Ku, Psas 159: A Cntay(CC; M: Augug,1988), 124.5 J . W, A Cy DfP 2, JSO47 (1990): 3350, . 33.6 W, Cy Df, 34.


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psalm in 4qlorilegium and in the new testament 69

A f P 2 W u kg I Ju. 7

Ag j , g (u uu)u u ugu Dvkg / u u, Ku guu u uy uggg x u v y Z v.8 Sg u v x u yug J 2 Kg 11:1220.9 O S- 1 Kg 1:3248, R Vux

u Ju uy u N E .10 F u x uu y N E , u g v v uz , y , v y.11 O , (Su , g .H. G) gu cks u y yg v v kg.12

A u -g v u u .13 T y W u y gug . Tug y y yg

7 W, Cy Df, 36.8 Ku, Psas 159, 126.9 , Psas, 83.

10

R Vux,Ancnt Isa: Its L and Instttns (B Ru S;N Yk: MG-H, 1961; .,G R: E, 1997), 10207; Ku,Psas 159, 130. D Vux g Ju : gg gu uy; vu g kg,fy (dth), u u x (. [kh], , P 2:7 g Ku); g ; u ; ; g y g .

11 S y uvy Ku, Psas 159, 13032, g gug N E uu vug 2:7 u .

12

, Psas, 8081: A y ug N Eugg y u y gg kg.

13 W, Cy Df, 38.


77/356

70 eric . mason

g u , u kg Ju

u g u Ju , y g g Ju kg.14W y v u k , qu kg Ju v u ug x u uyv gg f u y.15

II. Interpretation o Psalm 2 in the New estament

N u qu u P 2 LXX, y gug u vv. 2 ( g L );

v. 7 ( L Yu y , y I v gyu); v. 9 ( y G k k

v). T x u N-A 27 Gk N x

qu P 2 y N u, A,H, Rv (P 2:12 A 4:25; P 2:7 A 13:33;H 1:5, 5:5; P 2:9 Rv 2:2627; 19:15). I , y v u, u vg .16

14 W, Cy Df, 45.15 Ag Ku, Psas 159, 133 (g 2:1012):

T k y vu u g , u y Y kg, gv. S g v gug, g uy uv Y u kg I Ju. S, x, u Ku, Psas 159,12728. Lk y , Ku N Cgy k g ky vg u.

Suk (Ct Oacs, 167) gu u gu. H g S: I v u- gg Dv v. T S y Ju y f Y uu y y ,

Dv g ug v g u v uuu.

16 P u u u g: P 2:2 J 1:41;P 2:7 J 1:49.


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T g u g Ju y v v (M 3:17, . 4:3; Luk

3:22). T u v P 2:7, ug v g u . T y u Pu u P 2:11 2 C 7:15, u y g.

I , Rv vy gu u .Ex qu P 2:9 g u Rv 19:15, g Ju g v , Rv 2:2627, Ju u Ty uy

v F. P v , g P 2:8, u Rv 2:26. A vy - P 2:9 u Rv 12:5, y g gv u .

T u P 2:2 Rv N-A, g vk k. T Rv 17:18 u v kg ; kg y g Ju Rv 19:19, g g x x qu v gug; g u Rv 11:15 kg kg u L Chst, , uy g P 2:2 L .I , y v u v g u .

Tug u gy P 2 y Rv,

gf u uy A H. I A 13:33, Pu qu P 2:7 Yu y , y I v g yu A P f Ju u. S v y 2 S 7 u x; ug , uu 2 S 7:1116 LXX A 13:3337, -gy yg g g .17

17 Gg J. Bk, Exss at Qan: QF n Its Jwsh Cntxt(JSO-Su 29; S: JSO, 1985), 209, g D. G, A 13:3337: A Psh II Su 7, JBL 87 (1968): 32124; E. Lv, Sn and Sav: A Stdy


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72 eric . mason

A qu, P 2:12 A 4:25, y g G . I y

P J g g, Juy f , y ynatns pps g Juufx, H Pu P , Gnts pps I. (A 4:27)T g kg f Ju G u u ujug P 2:2 Ju .

Sy , ug , u P 2

E H. T yu u k yu gug P 2:8 S f g H 1:2. Cy, ug, u P 2:7 Yu y , y I v g yu. Tf u H 1:5 gg u P 110:1 ( y g ). Iu qu P 2:7 2 S 7:14, N G Dv y u. I H 1:5, P 2:7 2 S 7:14 v uquy Ju S g.

P 2:7 g u g H 5:56. T g gu u Ju H 1:514 S P 2:7 P 110:1, H5:56 S u g kMzk P 110:4. Fu Ju - Mzk v y

u H 7.18

A u N u P 2 v uvy vy y, y v u . Nv-

Acts 13,3237: Wth an Appndx, Sn Gd n th Synptc Gsps (CBN18; Lu: Gu, 1961), 39. Ag A, C.K. B (Acts[v. 1; ICC; Eug: & Ck, 1994]) J A. Fzy (T Acts th

Apsts [AB; N Yk: Duy, 1998]) gy

u u f u gug 2 S 7.18 S E F. M, Y A a Pst Fv: Scnd p Jwsh Mssansand th Psty Chsty th Epst t th Hbws (SDJ 74; L: B, 2008),1419, 2325, u u H 1:114 4:145:10.


80/356


y uz u P 2 N :

. f, u P 2:12 - Ju; u u yyk Ju A Rv u;

. Ju P 2:2;. Ju S G g P 2:7;. Ju uy u v u

P 2:9, g uy.A u P 2 Qu x.

III. Interpretation o Psalm 2 in the Dead Sea Scrolls

xu v P 2 uuy qu g Qu, uvv y u.19Eug u 11QP (11Q7) vy P 2:18, P 2:67 uvv 3QP(3Q2).20 I x x xu -

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