Ohio Achievement Assessments

8th Grade

2014

Science

Student Test Booklet

Spring 2014

Copyright © 2014 by Ohio Department of Education. All rights reserved.

Welcome to the Ohio Achievement Assessment. This test is a test of your knowledge to see what you know. This test is based on what you learned throughout the year using the Common Core State Standards. This Test Document is provided by the Ohio Department of Education. All Rights Are Reserved.

Science SCopyright © 2014 by Ohio Department of Education. All rights reserved.

Provided For Use of RBLX Graham Middle School 2014

The Ohio Department of Education does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, or disability in employment or the

provision of services. The Ohio Department of Education acknowledges that copyrighted material may contain information that is not currently accurate and assumes no responsibility for material reproduced in this document that reflects

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Copyright © 2014 by Ohio Department of Education. All rights reserved.

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Science SDirections:

Today you will be taking the Ohio Grade 8 Science Achievement Assessment. Three different types of questions appear on this test: multiple choice, short answer, and extended response.

There are several important things to remember:

1. Read each question carefully. Think about what is being asked. Look carefully at graphs and diagrams because they will help you understand the question. Then, choose or write the answer you think is best.

2. For multiple-choice questions, make sure to write the correct letter as your answer choice. If you change an answer make sure you changed the answer before you submit it to your Principal. You are only allowed 1 submission.

3. For constructed-response questions, write your answer clearly and only in the space provided in the Messaging system. Any responses submitted after the test will not be scored.

4. Short-answer questions are worth two points. Extended-response questions are worth four points. Point values are printed near each question in your student test booklet. the amount of space provided for your answers is the same for all two- and four-point questions.

5. If you do not know the answer to the question, skip it and go on to the next question. If you have time, go back to the questions you skipped and try to answer them before submitting your answers to the Principal.

6. Check over your work when you are finished.

7. When you are finished with this section of the test, please submit all answers to your Principal. You may NOT go back and resubmit your answers later.

8. Good Luck!

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Science S 1. Which kind of rock is produced by

deposition and cementation?

A. marble, a metamorphic rockB. sandstone, a sedimentary rockC. granite, an intrusive igneous rockD. pumice, an extrusive igneous rock

2. Which action demonstrates achemical change?

A. Long hair is cut and dried.B. A wooden pencil is sharpened and breaks.C. An ice cube melts and becomes a clear liquid.D. An iron nail becomes orange and flaky on the surface.

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Science S 3. Aphids are a common plant-pest

insect. They alternate betweenasexual and sexual reproduction.During the summer, aphidpopulations grow quickly byasexual reproduction. As winterapproaches, aphids switch tosexual reproduction. What advantage does the switchto sexual reproduction give the aphids?(A, B, C, and D Choices are on the Next Page)

A. Sexual reproduction maintains a constant level of variation in the population and requires less energy.B. Sexual reproduction decreases variation in the population and prevents the spread of harmful mutations.C. Sexual reproduction increases variation in the population and provides for adaptability in a changing environment.D. Sexual reproduction produces individuals that are clones and allows rapid population growth under stable environmental conditions.

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Science S 4. Aphids, ants and plants interact

with one another through symbioticrelationships. Aphids are smallinsects that poke holes in plantsand suck out sap. Aphids maycause the plant’s leaves to wiltand curl. Ants protect aphids andeat the sugary liquid thataphids produce.

In your Answer Document, choosetwo of the organisms in thissymbiosis. Describe the relationshipbetween the two organisms interms of the benefit or harm toeach organism. (2 points)

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Science S 5. The hydroelectric plant

uses a renewable energy resource. Which statement describes why thisresource is considered renewable?

A. Heated water turns the turbine. The used water flows upstream back directly into the lake and may be used again right away.B. Falling water turns the turbine. The used water flows upstream back directly into the lake and may be used again right away.C. Heated water turns the turbine. The water is returned to the river downstream, so it may continue in the water cycle.D. Falling water turns the turbine. The water is returned to the river downstream, so it may continue in the water cycle.

6. In any physical or chemicalprocess, what two quantities arealways conserved?

A. matter and total energyB. light and acoustic energyC. density and thermal energyD. gravity and potential energy

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Science S 7. Which describes a chemical

change and a physical changethat take place during theproduction of electricity in the coal-fired power plant?

A. The coal moving along the conveyor belt is a chemical change. The coal burning to give off heat and carbon dioxide gas is a physical change.B. The coal burning to give off heat and carbon dioxide gas is a chemical change. The boiling water turning to steam is a physical change.C. The boiling water turning to steam is a chemical change. The steam turning the turbine is a physical change.D. The steam turning the turbine is a chemical change. The turbine running the generator to produce electricity is a physical change.

8. In any physical or chemicalprocess, what two quantities arealways conserved?

A. matter and total energyB. light and acoustic energyC. density and thermal energyD. gravity and potential energy

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Science S9. Bass tapeworms attach to the gills

and intestines of bass fish. Theseworms survive by taking nutrientsfrom the bass.

What type of relationship does this represent?

A. predationB. parasitismC. mutualismD. commensalism

10. In addition to a butterfly net, whattools would the students need tocollect data for this study?

A. camera and balanceB. stopwatch and cameraC. tape measure and cameraD. tape measure and balance

11. In 2002, the club reported to theNorth American ButterflyAssociation that the StripedHairstreak butterfly was extinct. Intheir report, the students wrote thatthey suspected that the localpesticide spraying in 2000 was thecause of the extinction of thisbutterfly species. The studentsreceived a reply stating that their conclusion was notscientifically valid.

In your Answer Document, give tworeasons why their conclusion wasnot scientifically valid. (2 points)

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Science S12. In the summer of 2000, a large

number of Gypsy moths were seenon the trees. To protect the treesfrom the Gypsy moths, the towngovernment sprayed a pesticidethat kills only insect larvae.

Which correctly explains theprobable relationship between thespraying of pesticide and thenumber of butterflies observed in 2001?A. There were more butterflies because there was less competition for food from the Gypsy moths.B. There were fewer butterflies because the butterflies left the area to get away from the pesticide.C. There were more butterflies because the butterflies ate theGypsy moth larvae killed by the pesticide.D. There were fewer butterflies because the pesticides killed the larvae of both the Gypsy moths and the butterflies.

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Science S13. Which is a major advantage of

using energy sources such assunlight, wind and running waterinstead of fossil fuels, such as coaland natural gas?

A. Sunlight, wind and running water are much more efficient than fossil fuels.B. Sunlight, wind and running water are renewable and available indefinitely.C. Sunlight, wind and running water are much less expensive to use than fossil fuels. D. Sunlight, wind and running water can be used at any geographical location.

14. Fungi recycle leaves in forests. Fungirelease chemicals onto the leavesto break them down into smallerparticles. The fungi use the smallparticles for growth.

Which process allows fungi toobtain the nutrients they need fromdead leaves?

A. circulationB. digestionC. reproductionD. respiration

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Science S15. The sun is a mid-sized, main

sequence star.

What stage is next in the life cycleof the sun?

A. red giantB. black holeC. white dwarfD. neutron star

16. Aphids are small insects thatsometimes live near ants. The ants protect the aphids frompredators. The aphids produce asweet substance that the ants eat.

Which statement describes the relationship between ants and aphids?

A. Both ants and aphids benefit.B. Both ants and aphids are unaffected.C. The ants benefit and the aphids are harmed.D. The aphids benefit and the ants are unaffected.

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Science S17. What is the car’s motion

relative to the starting point at time = 8 minutes?

A. at rest at the starting pointB. in motion at the starting point C. moving toward the starting point D. moving away from the starting point

18. What is the total distance traveledby the car after 10 minutes?

A. 600 metersB. 1,200 metersC. 2,000 metersD. 3,600 meters

19. Which two plant cell structures areresponsible for storing energy fromsunlight and later releasing it forcells to use?

A. chloroplast and mitochondrionB. mitochondrion and cell wallC. chloroplast and nucleusD. nucleus and cell wall

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Science S20. Which plate boundary feature is

associated with the compressiveforces shown in Figure 2?

A. continental rift valley where one plate is splitting apartB. mid-ocean ridge where two plates are moving away from each otherC. high folded mountains where two plates are pushing toward each otherD. strike-slip faulting where two plates are sliding sideways past each other

21. Which process produced thepattern of layers shown in Figure 1?

A. foldingB. faultingC. spreadingD. weathering

22. According to the information in thetable, what comparison can thescientist make about the densitiesof sugar and corn starch?A. Sugar is more dense than corn starch.B. Corn starch is more dense than sugar.C. Sugar and corn starch have the same density.D. Both sugar and cornstarch are more dense than salt.

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Science S23. The scientist observes the rust on

the sample of iron filings and driesthe sample thoroughly. The scientistweighs the entire sample and findsthat it has more mass than theoriginal 118 grams.

What explains this increase in mass?

A. The sample gained mass during drying.B. The sample gained mass during a physical change.C. The sample gained mass during a change of state.D. The sample gained mass during a chemical change.

24. What two changes does sugarundergo when heated in a spoonover a flame?A. two physical changesB. two chemical changesC. a chemical change and then a physical changeD. a physical change and then a chemical change

25. Which unit of measurement doastronomers use when measuringthe distance between two starsfound in the Milky Way?

A. meterB. light-yearC. kilometerD. astronomical unit

STOP! END OF TEST

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