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2016 PT SETUP and LEWIS DOT.notebook
1
February 10, 2016
PERIODIC TABLE AND LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMS
LEARNING GOALS:To be able to predict properties of elements based on their location on the periodic table
To be able to identify elements based on location criteria (periods, groups)
To be able to relate the periodic table to the valence electrons of an atom
To be able to draw Lewis Dot Diagrams based on an elements location onthe Periodic Table
PERIODS
GROUPS
1 2 3 4 .............. 10 1112 13 14 ...... 17 18METALS vs NONMETALS vs METALLOIDS
GROUP 1:ALKALI METALS
H?
families
2016 PT SETUP and LEWIS DOT.notebook
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February 10, 2016
GROUP 2:ALKALINE EARTH METALS
GROUP 17 (7A):HALOGENS
GROUP 18 (8A):NOBLE GASES!!
VALENCE ELECTRONS:THE ELECTRONS IN THE OUTERMOST RING (SHELL)
* THE MOST IMPORTANT ELECTRONS
*THE ELECTRONS INVOLVED IN BONDING
*DETERMINES WHAT KIND OF ION WILL BE FORMED
GROUP 1:ALKALI METALS
PERIODS
GROUPS
VALENCE SHELL
NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS
2016 PT SETUP and LEWIS DOT.notebook
3
February 10, 2016
SHOWING VALENCE ELECTRONS:LEWIS DOT SYMBOLS
B.R. diagram for phosphorus, 31P
Lewis Dot Symbol for phosphorus, 31P
P
P
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na
LEWIS DOT SYMBOLS
PREDICTING IONS
Ar
F
S
P
nonmetals: 1, 2 or 3 electrons short..
PREDICTION IONS
Ar
Na
Sr
In
metals: 1, 2 or 3 electrons past noble gases
Name that element:
Which element:
a. puts 5 valence electrons into the 3rd energy level (ring)?
b. puts 2 valence electrons into the 6th energy level (ring)?c. puts 3 valence electrons into the 4th energy level (ring)?
d. is a period 5 alkali metal?e. is a period 3 halogen?
f. fills the 4th energy level (ring)?
g. halffills the 2nd energy level (ring)?h. is found in period 4 group VA ?i. is found in period 2, group VIA ?
j. is a metalloid in period 3?
NAME SYMBOL SummaryValence Electrons are the electrons in the OUTERMOST SHELL of an atom(only important ones)*** THERE CAN NEVER BE MORE THAN 8 VALENCE ELECTRONS***
The GROUP NUMBER (roman numeral or A group) = # of VALENCE ELECTRONS
The PERIOD NUMBER (rows) = VALENCE SHELL BEING FILLED
TO DRAW LEWIS DOT DIAGRAMS:
Place dots around the element symbol in a clockwise or counterclockwise fashion, 1 dot at a time, until it equals the number of valence electrons(exception Helium .....only has two dots and they go together.)