230205200 Presupposition Entailments 8th Group

8/9/2019 230205200 Presupposition Entailments 8th Group

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PRESUPPOSITION & ENTAILMENT


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Well discuss about


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What is Presuppositio!

I"plicit "eai#s co$e%ed b%the speaer throu#h the use

o' particular (ords)*o( the listeers ca catch

other i'or"atio beside otheir iterpretatio)


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E+a"ples ,

His step mother loves Adi very much>> 1. the speaker refutes the assumption that astep mother is always harsh to her step child,>>2. Step mothers are always harsh or strict to

her step children

A: Did you take the wallet !: "o, sir. # swear # didn$t, for %od$s sake.

A: &ell # know your situation and if # were inyour situation # could not stand that. # adviseyou not to do that a'ain, will you(>>A suspects ! took the wallet)*


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E"pirical Stud%

TITLE , A STU-. ON PRESUPPOSITIONSA/OUT 01OO- 2OMMUNI2ATION,3AN ASSESSMENT O4 ONLINE -IS2OURSE

RESEAR2*ERS , SUSAN /A1LE. 5O.LE AN-MAR5 AA5*US

MET*O- , S2*EMAS AN- S2RIPTSINSTRUMENT , NATURAL *ISTOR. O4E6PERIEN2ES PRO-U2E- /. STU-ENTS

RESULT , UN2*ALLEN1IN1 WOR57 /A-IMPRESSION7 TOO MU2* WOR5 ET2)


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+#+- : A" A"AS#S /0 -S3/S#+#1/" 3S-D#" +H- 4/5#- HA /++- A"D +H- D-A+HHA/&S A+ 2

-S-A6H-S : 3H-74#, HA47AH, HA5#D

4-+H/D : D-S6#+#5- 4-+H/D

#"S+34-"+ : A 4/5#- HA /++- A"D +H-D-A+H HA/&S A+ 2 A"D +H- DA+A A- +A8-"0/4 +H- 3++-A"6-S -9-SS-D ! HA /++-

-S3+ : 0#5- +-S /0 -S3/S#+#/" +HA+ 0/3"D#" +H#S 4/5#-. +H- A- -9#S+-"+#A, 0A6+#5-,

S+36+3A, -9#6A A"D 6/3"+-0A6+3A-S3/S#+#/".


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2; 0active presupposition: identified


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@; eical presupposition:

#n usin' one word, the speaker can act as if anothermeanin' will > ou were late ou were a


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?9 Structural presuppositio,it is the assu"ptio associated (ith the use o'certai structures)9 (h9@uestio costructios)

Whe did she tra$el to the USA!;


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9 No9 'acti$e presuppositio,

it is a assu"ptio re'erred to so"ethi# that is ottrue)

4or e+a"ple7 $erbs lie 0drea"07 0i"a#ie0 ad0preted0 are used (ith thepresuppositio that (hat'ollo(s is ot true)

I drea"ed that I (as rich) ;


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B9 2outer'actual presuppositio,

it is the assu"ptio that (hat is presupposed is otol% utrue7 but is the opposite o' (hat is true7 or

cotrar% to 'acts)

; coditioal structures7

I' %ou (ere "% dau#hter7 I (ould ot allo( %ou to dothis) ;


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Etail"ets

Etail"ets is so"ethi# that lo#icall% 'ollo(s'ro" (hat is asserted i the utteraces

4or E+a"ples,

8=/ob ate three sad(iches)

a= So"eoe ate three sad(iches) ;Who ate thesad(iches=

b= /ob did so"ethi# to three sad(iches) ;What /ob

did= c= /ob ate three o' so"ethi#) ;What /ob ate=

d=So"ethi# happeed) ;What happeed=


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C=) Mar% (ors harder tha a%bod% else i this or#aisatio) The perso (ho (ors harder tha a%bod% else i this

or#aisatio is Mar%)

Mar% is the perso i this or#aisatio (ho (ors harder thaa%bod% else)

D=) The Secod World War eded o Ma% 8F? i Europe) The da% ;(he= the Secod World War eded i Europe (as

Ma% 8F?

Ma% 8F? (as the da% ;(he= the Secod World War eded iEurope)

?=) We o( eed actios rather tha (ords)

What (e o( eed are actios rather tha (ords)

Actios rather tha (ords are (hat (e o( eed)


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2oclusio

resupposition is treated as a relationship


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230205200 Presupposition Entailments 8th Group