3.5 GHz Spectrum Sharing Charter Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) Spectrum

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Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the business opportunities for communications service providers (CSPs) and mobile network operators (MNOs) from a novel Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) based on dynamic shared spectrum access. This paper explains how dynamic sharing and scalable use of the 3.5 GHz spectrum will increase the efficiency of spectrum use in delivering fast growing and converging mobile broadband and media traffic services while paving the way for new innovations such as Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G networks.

The paper also provides technical details of the CBRS feature and describe the network nodes and interfaces that are either added or modified for CBRS functionality.

Over the past decade, wireless communication has become critical for providing broadband coverage to end users. It will become even more important when 5G comes on the market in the next few years, which will allow not only end users but also smart devices such as smart watches and IoT devices to be connected. This will generate a significant increase in data traffic on the network. As the demand of mobile communication increases, so too does the demand for spectrum availability, which is necessary for MNOs to expand their capacity.

Indeed, auctioned spectrum resources available to MNOs are scarce and spectrum has become one of the most expensive resources, which is impeding business growth. Various projections and reports suggest that a spectrum shortage will be induced if conventional auction and license spectrum allocation model remains the only option for assigning radio resources. This could well dampen business opportunities and slow the adoption of 5G technology.

One solution for resolving the spectrum issue is to explore spectrum reuse and radio resource management techniques designed to boost spectrum use and to achieve higher efficiency. But due to the rapid growth in demand for spectrum, there will always be a shortage of spectrum.

This challenge demands creative solutions, most notably the development of more flexible and dynamic spectrum management systems. Until now, only a subset of spectrum sharing research has reached the regulation domain and several spectrum sharing concepts—including a few supported by national regulatory authorities (NRAs)—have not scaled up commercially as expected; TV White Space (TVWS) being a recent example. Yet, after a decade of study, a couple of new sharing models have recently emerged and have been standardized, such as Europe's Licensed Shared Access (LSA).

As a result, on April 21, 2015, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released a Report and Order creating a unique CBRS that will permit commercial use of 150 MHz of spectrum in the 3550-3700 MHz band (3.5 GHz). The CBRS Band (3.5-3.7 GHz) is currently occupied by military and government users. Specifically, the 3550-3650 MHz spectrum is currently allocated for use by the US Department of Defense (DoD) radar systems and Fixed Satellite Services (FSS), while the 3650-3700 MHz spectrum incumbents are the FSS and the grandfathered commercial wireless broadband services.

Introduction

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The Wireless Innovation Forum (WIF) formed a committee to facilitate the interpretation and implementation of spectrum sharing rulemaking. The committee allows industry and government bodies to collaborate to implement a common, efficient and well-functioning ecosystem around this technology.

This dynamic spectrum sharing system has been formulated under the Spectrum Access System (SAS) and Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS). CBRS has been introduced for WiMax, LTE-compatible bands, primarily targeting small cell applications complementing primary mobile networks.

The concept of dynamic sharing is useful for characterizing the business environment regarding CBRS spectrum sharing. The spectrum must be available to be licensed by the FCC for exclusive use or made available for shared access by commercial and government users. Both licensed and unlicensed wireless broadband technologies can be deployed. CBRS has been introduced on LTE-compatible TDD bands, primarily targeting small cell applications that complement primary mobile networks. There is

great interest in deploying LTE in CBRS band for “small cells”. This is different from previous LTE-TDD bands in term of spectrum emissions mask requirements and localized, possibly non-planned deployments.

The 3GPP standardization body is also planning to add this in 3GPP technical specifications, specifically adding a new band for the 150 MHz available spectrum with other emission requirements.

While deployment of 3.5 GHz operations is only now emerging, a number of CSPs are already developing technology and promoting solutions to be used in the band. For example, the LTE-U Forum—whose members include Verizon, Ericsson, Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent, Qualcomm, Huawei, Siemen and Samsung—are working on protocols for unlicensed 3.5 GHz spectrum operations. There are over 40 telecom service companies that are developing solutions for this feature.

What follows is an elaboration of the technical details of the CBRS functional architecture.

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Spectrum Aggregation Environment

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The FCC defines CBRS as an “innovation band,” where it can assign spectrum to commercial mobile broadband (MBB) systems, such as 3GPP LTE, on a shared basis with incumbent radar and FSS systems.

Also, it can promote a diversity of heterogonous-network (HetNet) technologies, particularly small cells. Frequency 3550-3700 MHz (3.5 GHz) band will be licensed as the Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS). The entire 150 MHz will be managed by a Spectrum Access System (SAS), which is a database system. In general, the band will have three tiers of users. Figure 1 provides an overview of the three tiers and their relative priority to other users in the band.

Figure 1: The 3 tiers of the Spectrum Access System that licenses the CBRS spectrum

Incumbent user for complete Range (3550-3700 MHz)

General Authorized Access for complete Range (3550-3700 MHz)

Priority Access License from 3550-3650 MHz

LTE Band 42 (3550-3650 MHz)

LTE Band 43(3650-3700 MHz)

Grandfathered Wireless Broadband (3650-3700 MHz)

The three-tiered architecture of the spectrum sharing framework is structured as follows:

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GAA users may use only certified, commission-approved CBRS devices and must register with the SAS and provide the operator ID, device identification and geo-location information.

There are specific rules that apply for dynamic spectrum allocation for each of the three CBRS tiers. The rules get more restricting as you move from Tier 1 to Tier 3 as shown in Figure 2.

Incumbent licensees:Consists of the incumbent federal users and fixed satellite service (“FSS”) operators. These incumbents will have complete interference protection from the two lower CBRS tiers.

Priority Access licensees:A PAL is authorization to use an unpaired 10 MHz channel in the 3550-3650 MHz range in a geographic service area for a predefined period.PA licensees can aggregate up to four PA channels in any census tract at any given time.PA licensees must provide interference protection for Tier 1 incumbent licensees and accept interference from them. However, PA licensees are entitled to interference protection from GAA operators.

General Authorized Access operators:The third-tier GAA permits access to 80 MHz of the 3.5 GHz band that is not assigned to a higher tier.GAA operators receive no interference protection from PA or Tier 1 operators, and must accept interference from them.

Tier 1: Incumbent Access (IA) IA users include authorized federal and grandfathered Fixed Satellite Service users currently operating in the 3.5 GHz Band. These users will be protected from harmful interference from priority-access and general authorized -access users. IA users are primarily military ship-borne radar, military ground-based radar, and fixed-satellite-service earth stations that receive but do not transmit.

Tier 2: Priority Access (PA) PA users are allowed to have a priority access licenses (PALs) between 3550-3650 MHz acquired through a competitive bid process conducted by the FCC. PA users are protected from harmful interference from users in the general authorized access tier. They are assigned specific frequencies within their service area, and their frequency assignment should not be dynamically controlled by the SAS database. The PA layer covers critical access users at hospitals, utilities and government departments as well as non-critical users such as MNOs. PA users receive short-term priority authorization—for example, three years—to operate within designated geographic areas with PALs. At the end of the term, PAL will automatically terminate and may not be renewed.

Tier 3: General Authorized Access (GAA)The GAA tier is licensed by rule to permit open, flexible access to the band. GAA users will be allowed to use the 150 MHz band without any interference protection from other CBRS users. GAA users are permitted to use any portion of the 3550-3700 MHz band not assigned to a higher tier user and may also operate opportunistically on unused PA channels. Their frequency assignment is dynamically controlled by the SAS database.

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interference of Tier 2 devices from Tier 3 users; and interference between Tier 3 users.

IA users have primary spectrum rights at all times and in all areas over PA and GAA. CBRS users must be capable of operating across the entire 3.5 GHz band, and discon-tinuing operation or changing frequencies at the direction of the SAS to protect IA users. Automated channel assignment by an SAS will simply involve instructions to CBSDs to use a specific channel, at a specific place and time, within the 3550-3700 MHz user’s equipment.

Tiers 2 and 3 are regulated under Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS). Citizens Broadband Radio Service Devices (CBRSDs) are the fixed base stations/access points that operate under this new service; handsets are not CBSDs. CBSDs can only operate under the authority and management of a centralized Spectrum Access System (SAS).

For instance, SAS manages the interference to incumbent user from Tiers 2 and 3; the

Figure 2: The pyramid of user priorities in the tiered CBRS architecture

IA

PA

GAA

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CBRS opens up opportunities for improving in-building coverage using neutral host models that are being commercialized through larger, more expensive DAS systems. With this new framework, it is likely that a building owner, an enterprise, or a systems integrator might deploy equipment, using a neutral host RAN model. Neutral-host providers can create a major new category of mobile coverage, funded by the enterprise or property owner. There are two likely scenarios for utilizing CBRS.

New Entrant/Cable Operator MVNOCBRS is a compelling option for a new entrant, such as a cable operator, to build out its LTE network. Specifically, it is ideal for offloading traffic for the cable operators that is looking to enter the mobile wireless industry with a Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO) strategy. This could bring opportunities for cable companies, internet companies and other entities that are involved in current 600 MHz auctions, exploring LTE unlicensed spectrum, or in the early stages of considering 5G.

Enterprise Private LTECBRS provides an opportunity to create a private LTE network, in similar manner as Wi-Fi, to run enterprise- or venue-specific applications on mobile devices of consumers or workers. For instance, a mining company could set up a private LTE network at a remote mining site and run industrial IoT applications on LTE devices.

02 Opportunity for Non-MNO Neutral Host RAN model

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MNOs Business Opportunity from CBRS

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The telecommunication industry is being driven by the growing demand for wireless data traffic and impacted by the resultant deficit of available spectrum. Technological standards, such as 4G LTE, are continuously evolving to increase data-traffic speed and more efficient use of spectrum.

Spectrum sharing technologies enable more dynamic spectrum management regulation and framework to provide capacity for the ever-increasing demand of mobile data traffic. More flexible and scalable use of the 3.5 GHz spectrum aims to increase the efficiency of spectrum use in delivering fast growing and converging mobile broadband and media services, while paving the way to new innovations, for example Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G.

The opportunity analysis indicates that MNOs could benefit significantly from the new, shared CBRS bands in order to cope with increasing asymmetric media data traffic and to offer differentiation through improved quality and personalization of services.

Also, spectrum sharing schemes are high on the agenda for regulators because by lowering the entry barrier for spectrum, new alternative types of operators may consider entering the wireless broadband business. Utilization and harmonization of the LTE ecosystem scale would likely reduce risk related to technology maturity and provide tools to seamlessly integrate additional capacity.

CBRS also presents an opportunity to figure out the right business model for in-building wireless solutions. A major inhibitor to better indoor coverage is that current small cell systems are generally tied to a particular operator, making them expensive and difficult to scale. CBRS offers the potential for “neutral host” solutions at the enterprise level. This could lead to creative cost-sharing structures between equipment companies, building owners and mobile operators. The ability to acquire “temporary” licenses also provide for new use cases. For example, event-driven capacity and coverage augmentation.

Also, 3.5 GHz spectrum rules create opportunities for equipment makers and service providers. New RF-band support will be needed for next-generation equipment. Successful 3.5 GHz business ventures depend not only on solid business planning, but also proactive regulatory compliance to avoid being caught in the crosshairs of the FCC’s Enforcement Bureau.

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MNO’s see a number of benefits emerging from the adoption of CBRS sharing technology, includ-ing:

A comprehensive and successful CBRS implementation—with a supportable and harmonized regulatory environment—is a first-order requirement before MNOs can build and capture value from the CBRS band. Indeed, CBRS require a unique level of public-private cooperation. The FCC and industry must work closely to ensure proper development and implementation of the spectrum sharing scheme. Incumbent users of 3.5 GHz channels must get comfortable with the idea of sharing the spectrum with private-sector entities.

One issue that remains controversial is the requirement for “exclusion zones” that protect the incumbents within a certain radius, and near coastal areas.

Users in all three spectrum tiers must have confidence in the management capabilities of SAS. Federal incumbent users must be comfortable that the SAS will protect existing operations. PALs must have certainty that they will not experience harmful interference to their authorized spectrum and that it will not mistakenly be reallocated to other users. And GAA users must have confidence that SAS algorithms will permit dynamic use of available spectrum without causing interference to higher tier users. The FCC should adopt a detailed transitional licensing approach, enabling immediate use of this spectrum while the SAS is further developed and refined.

Shared spectrum allocation improves overall spectrum use efficiency The ability to unbundle investments in spectrum, network infrastructure, and services Potentially lower entry barriers for challenger MNOs and new “alternative” types of operators Better QoS spectrum may increase dense urban area business usageAdditional GAA capacity for offloadingHarmonized LTE technology base leverage Regulators considering shared spectrum framework in the EU and the US

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MNOs see many benefits of CBRS. But like every new technology, there are always some initial limitations and challenges. Indeed, there’s a long list of potential challenges facing CBRS when it is deployed for commercial use, including:

Limited spectrum availability with limited MNO business opportunitiesAn impact on exclusive spectrum licensing model and availability in the futureThe need for global and national regulations outside of the US may slow entry. Harmonization is a precondition for fully scaling and enabling potential benefitUncertainty and risks related to regulation in timing, term, licenses and flexibility exposes MNOs to risk and may deter them proceeding with the investmentThe federal incumbent security requirements need to be sanitizedNeed standardization of SAS functionalities for 3GPP ecosystem and technologies The increased technical and operational complexity of SAS will increase capital and operational costs

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The SAS-SAS interface, on the other hand, enables SAS interoperability. Through SAS-CBRS interface, SAS authorizes and manages the use of spectrum in CBRS. The main functionality of SAS is to manage frequency coordination and spectrum assignment.

CBSDs are fixed base stations or networks of stations operating on PA or GAA access tiers in CBRS that provide network accesses to users. A CBSD registers itself as a SAS with its device and geo-location information. Once CBSD is registered and authorized, CBSD transmits within the operation parameters provided by SAS. It complies with the configuration update messages from SAS. CBSD also communicates with SAS reporting channels selected from granted range and received signal strength. End user devices, such as user equipment (UE) are not considered CBSD.

As shown in Figure 3 below, the CBRS architecture contains SAS-CBSD and SAS-SAS interfaces. These interfaces have been standardized by the Wireless Innovation Forum (WINNF) working with Spectrum Sharing Community (SSC).

This section provides details about the CBRS end-to-end architecture model and the SAS functional architecture.

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04 CBRS Technical Details

CBRS End-to-End Architecture

Figure 3: The end to-end functional architecture of the CBRS model

User

User

User

User

CBSD #1

CBSD #2

CBSD #3

CBSD #4

Proxy /Network Manager FCC data base

commercial user/licenses

FCC database for incumbent

user

SAS 1

SAS 2

The SAS architecture is being developed by the WINNFSSC as a common baseline that can be used by all working groups in the SSC.

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SAS Functional Architecture

A SAS in the CBRS architecture plays the important role of smoothing functionality of CBRS features. SAS have the following functions:

SAS Overview

Authorize and administrate all policies and procedures developed by the SAS administrator for CBRS functionalityRegister and authenticate the identification information and location of CBSDsControl the available frequencies at a given geographic location and assign them to CBSDsResolve the maximum permissible transmission power level for CBSDs at a given location and communicate that information to the CBSDsProvides incumbent protection based on the geographical locationCommunicate with the environmental sensing capability (ESC) to obtain information about federal IU transmissions and instruct CBSDs to move them to another frequency range or cease transmissions

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Protect PALs from impermissible interference from other CBRS usersFacilitate coordination between GAA users to promote a stable spectral environmentEnsure secure and reliable transmission of information between the SAS, ESC and CBSDsTo protect grandfathered wireless broadband licenseesTo resolve conflicting uses of the band while maintaining, as best as possible, a stable radio frequency environmentProvides incumbent protection based on exclusion- and protection-zone settings. Also, perform incumbent protection dynamically via the assistance of ESC by sensing the presence of incumbent usersProvide an approved ESC with any sensing information reported by CBSDs if availableFacilitate coordination and information exchange between SASsTake care of the terms of current and future international agreements related to the CBRS.Allocate protected 10 MHz frequency blocks for each PAL for which a requesting CBSD qualifies

FCC Database

CBSD #1 CBSD #2 CBSD #3 CBSD #4

Domain Proxy

Element Management System (optional)CBSD Sensing

(Optional)

Informing Incumbent Incumbent Detection (ESC)SAS 1

SAS 2

Figure 4

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A domain proxy may exist to function as an intermediate network management layer between SAS and a group of CBSDs. In this case, SAS communicates directly with the domain proxy rather than with each individual CBSD. It operates the CBSD network and manages the network configuration of multiple devices, performing tasks such as bulk CBSD registration and channel assignment. EMS may optionally co-located with domain proxy.

Each CBSD is required to perform a set of prerequisite procedures before a spectrum request can be granted and actual transmission can start. CBSDs are required to discover SAS occupancy at a given location and register themselves. Once registered, CBSDs can communicate with SAS to request a spectrum assignment by providing a set of requested parameters and geometries. As explained above, for SAS high-level functionality, it evaluates the request based on situational awareness of incumbent presence as well as exclusion zoning. SAS replies to CBSD with either a granted or rejected request response. If spectrum is allocated, the CBSD is required to check with SAS on a periodic basis to refresh and revalidate the spectrum grant. SAS dynamically adjusts or revokes the granted spectrum based on updated incumbent-presence information. CBSD can also vacate granted spectrum and inform SAS.

Domain Proxy Role

This section elaborates all the procedures used in SAS-CBSD communications, which is captured in Figure 5 below. The SAS-CBSD interface is a typical server-client setup.

SAS-CBSD Interface Protocol Procedure

This procedure is how CBSD discovers a SAS entity. A Domain Proxy can also discover a SAS on behalf of all CBSDs that it serves.

How a CBSD registers with a SAS. It is initiated after the CBSD has successfully discovered the SAS. The CBSD initiates the procedure by performing SAS Authentication

Spectrum Inquiry allows registered CBSDs to request information on available channels. With SAS providing available channel information, the CBSD can decide operational parameters for a grant request.

How a CBSD requests spectrum from SAS. This procedure can only be performed by CBSD after it has successfully registered with the SAS and has obtained its CBSD ID.

Heartbeat Request informs SAS that the CBSD is still using the allocated spectrum. It also allows SAS to suspend or terminate the grant.

This procedure describes how a CBSD informs SAS if a grant is no longer used by the CBSD.

SAS Discovery

CBSD Registration

CBSD Spectrum Inquiry

CBSD Grant Request

CBSD Heartbeat Request

CBSD Spectrum Relinquishment

Figure 5: The six SAS-CBSD interface procedures

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There are specific requirements for CBSD equipment that will be utilized for commercial use in the 3.5 GHz band for CBRS operators. These requirements include:

Figure 6 below provides more details on the hardware characteristics for Categories A and B CBSD services. CBSDs and end-user devices must comply with the power limits in Figure 6.

The SAS-to-SAS interface defines the methods and protocols that govern the communication, coordi-nation and information exchange between two SAS implementations. The requirements for SAS-to-SAS interface include:

Cooperate to develop a standardized process for coordinating operations with other SAS, avoiding any conflicting assignments, maximizing shared use of available frequencies, ensuring continuity of service to all registered CBSDs, and providing the data collected.

Coordinate with other SAS administrators including, to the extent possible, sharing information, facilitating non-interfering use by CBSDs connected to other SAS, maximizing available GAA frequencies by assigning PALs to similar channels in the same geographic region, and other functions necessary to ensure that available spectrum is used efficiently.

Having low transmit power requirements for unlicensed spectrum as equipment deployment in the GAA band will largely be small cell technology.

Category A CBSDs are lower powered than Category B CBSDs but both are subject to the following requirements and capabilities:Two-way transmission on any frequency in the 3.5 GHz bandDeterminate coordinates to an accuracy of plus-or-minus 50 meters horizontal and 3 meters of elevationOperate at or below maximum power level authorized by an SAS consistent with equipment authorization and within geographic areas and frequencies permitted by the SASReceive and comply with incoming signals from an SAS regarding power limits and frequency assignments

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SAS-SAS Interface

New RF-band support is needed on CBSD equip-ment for small cells to enable the deployment of the protocols in GAA unlicensed spectrum. The FCC defines three types of CBSD device catego-ries: Category A, Category B for rural areas, and Category B for non-rural areas.

CBRS Device Details

Figure 6: Hardware characteristics of Category A and B CBSDs*ERIP = Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) is the output power when a signal is concentrated into a smaller area by the Antenna**PSD= Power Spectral Density

Device Type Geographic Area PMAX Maximum ERIP* Maximum PSD**

End user Device All na 23 na

CBSD A All 24 30 14

CBSD B Non-Rural` 24 40 14

CBSD B Rural 30 47 20

This transmission shall also indicate whether the device will be operated indoors or outdoors

When registering with an SAS, Category ACBSDs must transmit all information mentioned in US government

Any CBSD operated at a higher power than specified for Category A CBSDs in the US government regulation 96.41 - General radio requirements will be classified as, and subject to, the operational requirements of a Category B CBSD

Category B CBSDs must be professionally installed

In the 3550-3650 MHz band, Category B CBSDs must be authorized consistent with information received from an ESC

Category B CBSDs are limited to outdoor operations

When registering with an SAS, Category B CBSDs must transmit all information required under 96.39 - Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device (CBSD) general requirements and additional information including antenna gain, beam width, azimuth, down-tilt angle, and antenna height above ground level

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CBSDs deployed or operated outdoors with antennas exceeding six meters height above average terrain will be classified as, and subject to, the operational requirements of Category B CBSD. Below are additional requirements for these devices:

CBSDs are considered Category A CBSDs if they are deployed indoor or operated outdoors with antennas height not exceeding six meters above average terrain. Here are some additional requirements for these devices:

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Additional Requirement For Category A CBSDs

Additional Requirement For Category B CBSDs

The FCC has planned the implementation of CBRS operations in two phases. Phase I, which covers large parts of the US, will be available for CBRS use and will commence as soon as a commercial SAS is approved by the FCC and made commercially available. Phase II, which will cover the rest of the US including coastal cities, will be made available for CBRS operations once an ESC is implemented.

CBRS Implementation Phase

CBRS will have no impact on end-user devices except those with a maximum RF ERIP of 23 dBM.

End User Device Requirements

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Aricent’s CBRS Solution

Solving ecosystem issues for CBRS

band

In Japan, 3.5 GHz is deployed for normal

LTE network so all the latest iPhones

come inbuilt with 3.5 GHz. The current

issue of non-availability of UEs will be

removed once phones are upgraded to

support the LTE frequencies offered by

Japan. These phones can then be used to

access CBRS spectrum in the US.

Playing with MuLTEFire

CBRS can be used along with SIM-less

devices as defined in MuLTEFire for

offering LTE as a connection to a wide

variety of IoT devices. Using CBRS,

MulteFire can be deployed by anyone,

anywhere, much like Wi-Fi hotspots.

Neutral Host

Operators offering CBRS spectrum can offer

a neutral host to serve connections in

settings where LTE penetration is poor, such

as airports. The service would be accessible

for both Verizon and AT&T subscribers.

CBRS LTE along with Wi-Fi AP in

Stadiums

In stadiums or large events, where the user

capacity requirements are very large,

vendors that support CBRS—such as Ruck-

us—can offer LTE connections using CBRS

along with a neutral host. This solution

provides LTE connections to a large number

of subscribers across multiple MNOs.

Arcient’s expertise in CBRS can help CSPs and

MNOs take full advantage of emerging

opportunities. Here are four examples:

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Summary and Conclusion

The shared spectrum model is an innovative

approach adopted by the FCC for the Citizens

Broadband Radio Service. It constitutes a bold

and historic shift in spectrum allocation and

creates many opportunities for MNOs, communi-

cation and other telecommunications service

companies.

Market analysis shows that mobile network

operators could benefit significantly from the

new, shared CBRS bands. 3GPP LTE evolution is

the key software enabler while the regulatory

framework supports the availability of more

spectrum that create economic value for opera-

tors.

CBRS is an opportunity for the US to demon-

strate new technology, business models and

inject regulatory innovation. The proposed

opportunities enable mobile network operators

to retain their existing customers, acquire new

customers and strengthen their overall market

position by offering improved personalized

mobile broadband data services.

An important use case for CBRS is the

improvement in building coverage and capacity

increase using LTE. It has the advantage of

being a more Wi-Fi like business model and

economics. Indeed, CBRS opens a new

business model for in-building wireless

solutions. Also, the FCC has relaxed the Base

Station Transmission power requirements

which creates business cases to use CBRS

outdoors.

Perhaps the most challenging category of

devices for the CBRS will be mobile computing

devices. Developing and deploying an effective

spectrum sharing mechanism through CBRS

would be a significant achievement. It is an

exciting opportunity because it makes available

a significant amount of spectrum without the

need for expensive auctions and is not tied to a

particular operator.

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-

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1. http://www.wirelessinnovation.org/

2. https://www.govregs.com/regulations/

expand/title47_chapterI_part96_subpartE_sect

ion96.39

3. http://wimaxforum.org/

4. http://www.rcrwireless.com/

5. http://www.federatedwireless.com/

6. https://techpinions.com/3-5-ghz-spectrum-

an-opportunity-for-the-u-s-to-lead-in-wireless-i

nnovation

7. http://www.wirelessinnovation.org/page/

Policies_and_Procedures

8. 4G Americas White Paper oct 2014 by group of

4G Americas' Board of Governors members

9. Spectrum Sharing and SAS-CBSD Interface

Simulation, Author Hao Huang , Date 18.9.2016

10. Citizens Broadband Radio Service Spectrum

Sharing Framework: Author Seppo Yrjölä Oct

2016

References

About AricentAricent is a global design and engineering company innovating in the digital

era. With more than 12,000 design and engineering talent and over 25 years of

experience, we help the world’s leading companies solve their most important

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Contact

Mangal Singh, Director, TechnologyEmail: mangal.singh@aricent.com