6. Feature Presentation

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Alcatel University - 8AS 90200 1537 VH ZZA Ed.01 Page 6.1

Alcatel University - 8AS 90200 1537 VT ZZA Ed.016.1

6 Features presentation


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6.2

6 Features presentationSession presentation

M Objective: To be able to introduce the GSM services

provided to the subscriber, and the operator and

network features, and the value-added services

available in the Alcatel NSS solution


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6.3

6 Features presentationSession presentation

Program :

Page

M 6 Features presentation 1

l 6.1 Basic Services 4

l 6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the

subscribers 9

l 6.3 Operators and network features 19

l 6.4 Network and value-added services (CAMEL) 25

l Exercises 33


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6.1 Basic Services


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6.5

6.1 Basic ServicesTeleservices and Bearer Services

M Teleservice: Transmission capability including terminals and

applications

M Bearer Service: According network capabilities Interfaces

GSM

PLMNIWF

IWF

Transitnetwork,

if any

Terminating

network

TE = Terminal Equipment IWF = InterWorking Function

Teleservices

Bearer services

TE

TE

...

...

Teleservices and Bearer Services

M Teleservices

l The main teleservices provided by GSM are:

telephony,

short message service (SMS), and

facsimile transmission [GSM 02.03].

M BS (Bearer Services)

l The provision of a bearer service by an operator involves providing a transmission capability with technicalcharacteristics that include bit rate, error ratio, transmission mode (synchronous/asynchronous)

the provision of a digital point-to-point link at 9.6 kbit/s is just one example of bearer service.

The service provided can be seen as a pipe for exchanging information. The characteristics of this pipe andthe interface providing access to it must be specified.


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6.6

6.1 Basic ServicesCategories of Teleservices

Name AbbreviationClass

TelephonySpeech

Emergency call

Short message mobile terminated SM MTShort message

serviceShort message mobile originated SM MO

Alternate speech and facsimile group 3 (transparent and

non-transparent)Fax service

Automatic facsimile group 3 (transparent and

non-transparent)

Categories of Teleservices

MSpeech

l The first service offered by a PLMN is obviously Telephony.

l The emergency call service is based on a single number (112) enabling all MoU GSM subscribers to contact anemergency service. The operator can allow the call even if the equipment has no SIM card. An emergency call is routedto a predetermined fixed subscriber by agreement with the national authorities.

MShort messages

l The point-to-point short message services provide a two-way messaging service with acknowledgement.

MFax

l Fax transmission via a PLMN is possible in group 3 (9600 bit/s) class, according to two modes:

Manual mode, for alternating between speech and fax transmission (alternate speech/facsimilegroup 3);

automatic mode, enabling calls to be made and received without human intervention, but with no capability toswitch to speech mode.

.


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6.7

6.1 Basic ServicesTransparent and Non Transparent mode

M Transparent mode

Fixed rate, no flow control: fast but high error ratio

M Non Transparent mode the RLP (Radio Link Protocol) is implemented.

This protocol is similar to the HDLC protocol, and securestransmission.

However, it causes uncontrolled delays because of the repetition

procedures to counteract bad transmissions.

Transparent and Non Transparent mode

M For GSM, transmission over the radio channel cannot be compared to transmission over fixed networks: bit error ratios are

far higher:

l what is acceptable for speech transmission can no longer be accepted for data interchanges

l it is therefore essential to introduce additional error correction functions either at both ends of the interchange (end-to-end), or on a part of the transmission path (where most of the errors occur).

l A trade-off therefore has to be found between transfer speed and acceptable error rate.


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6.8

6.1 Basic ServicesBearer Services : principles

PSTN userPSTN userPSTN userPSTN user PSTN user PSTN userPSTN userPSTN userAudio modemAudio modemAudio modemAudio modem Audio modemAudio modemAudio modemAudio modem

3.1 kHz audio line3.1 kHz audio line3.1 kHz audio line3.1 kHz audio line

PSTNPSTNPSTNPSTN

Data Transmission between 2 PSTN users

Standard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interface Standard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interface

StandardizedStandardizedStandardizedStandardized transmissiontransmissiontransmissiontransmission

GSM userGSM userGSM userGSM userAudioAudioAudioAudiomodemmodemmodemmodem

3.1 kHz audio line3.1 kHz audio line3.1 kHz audio line3.1 kHz audio line

PSTNPSTNPSTNPSTN

Audio modemAudio modemAudio modemAudio modemPSTN userPSTN userPSTN userPSTN user

Data Transmission between one GSM user and one PSTN user

Standard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interface

GSM transmissionGSM transmissionGSM transmissionGSM transmission StandardizedStandardizedStandardizedStandardized transmissiontransmissiontransmissiontransmission

(DCE) (DCE) (DTE)(DTE)

Standard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interfaceStandard interfaceGSMGSMGSMGSM

NetworkNetworkNetworkNetwork IWFIWFIWFIWF

(DCE) (DCE) (DTE)(DTE)

Bearer Services : principles

M General Principles:

l DIGITAL transmission on the radio channel

l AUDIO MODEM inserted at the interworking point (IWF) between the two networks (generally in the MSC)

M Data Transmission Services:

Usable MODEM TYPES defined by the GSM standard:

l V21: 300 bit/s asynchronous

l V22: 1200 bit/s, asynchronous or synchronous

l V22 bis: 2400 bit/s synchronous

l V23: 1200/75 bit/s asynchronous

l V26 ter: 2400 bit/s synchronous

l V32: 4800 or 9600 bit/s synchronous

M By comparison with the PSTN access, the entire GSM infrastructure can be treated as a DTE -DCE (Data TerminalEquipment) (Data Circuit terminating Equipment) line between the terminal and the Modem inserted by the network


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6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to

the subscribers


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6.10

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersCLIP/CLIR

CLIPA B

Call from A

A B unknownCLIR

Call from A

CLIP

CLIR

override

CLIP/CLIR

M Calling line identification presentation (CLIP)

l The CLIP service allows a mobile subscriber to display the number of the calling subscriber.

M Calling line identification restriction (CLIR)

l The CLIR service allows a mobile subscriber who has activated the service to prevent transmission of his identity toa subscriber who has activated the CLIP service.

l The CLIR override service allows a mobile subscriber to display the calling subscriber number, even if the callingparty has activated the CLIR service.


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6.11

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersCW/CH

PLMN

MSC

HLR

CWCH

CW/CH

M Call waiting (CW)

The call waiting service allows a mobile subscriber who has activated the service to receive a new call when the

subscriber is already talking.

When a waiting call is presented, the subscriber can:

l accept the waiting call and release the current call,

l accept the waiting call and place the current call on hold,

l ignore the waiting call and continue with the current call.

M Call hold (CH)

The call hold service allows a mobile subscriber to suspend a call to take a waiting call and then to switch from one to theother as required.


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6.12

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersCOLP/COLR

AB

C

COLP

Number

of C

A

BC

Number

of B

COLR

Number

of CCOLR

Override

COLP

COLP/COLR

M Connected line identification presentation (COLP)

l The COLP service allows the subscriber making an outgoing call to display the identity of the connected line. In thisway, the subscriber knows the identity of the other party, even after call forwarding.

M Connected line identification restriction (COLR)

l The COLR service allows a mobile subscriber who has activated the service to withhold the identity of the line fromthe calling subscriber who has activated the COLP service.

l The COLR override service allows the subscriber making an outgoing call to display the identity of the connectedline even if the other party has activated the COLR service.


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6.13

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersCall forwarding (CF)

HLR

A

C

VLR

VMSC GMSC

Unconditional CF

Conditional CF

On BUSY

On No REPLY

On No REACHABLE

Unconditional

Call forwarding (CF)

M Call forwarding entails replacing the first called party number with another destination number.

M Call forwarding can be triggered:

l Unconditionally: all calls addressed to a subscriber with this service activated are forwarded whatever the state ofthe mobile station (CFUN).

l Conditional: calls addressed to a subscriber with this service activated are forwarded only if one or more of thefollowing conditions is satisfied:

the MS is busy (CFBUSY),

the subscriber does not reply (CFNREPLY),

the mobile subscriber is not reachable (CFNREACH).

M Call forwarding is activated and the forwarded-to number entered either by the subscriber or by the operator.

M Subscriber controled call forwarding (CF) is a service provided to a mobile subscriber for rerouting subscriber's calls toanother number. It can be activated either conditionally or unconditionally.

M Operator determined call forwarding (CFDefault) is conditional call forwarding. It allows the operator to reroute uncompletedcalls to another line (example: voice mailbox). Only the operator can activate the service, and store or modify the associatedforwarded-to numbers. The subscriber cannot change this data, even though the service is assigned to him.


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6.14

HPLMN

FPLMNFPLMN

FPLMN

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersSubscriber controled call barring (CB)

MS

All outgoing calls (CBOC)All outgoing calls (CBOC)

Outgoing international calls (CBOI)

Outgoing international calls except

to the home country (CBOIEXHC)

All incoming calls (CBIC)

MS

All outgoing calls (CBOC)


MS





MS





All incoming calls (CBIC)

All incoming calls when the

subscriber is outside his/her

home country (CBIRO)

MS

Subscriber controled call barring (CB)

M Subscriber controled call barring is a service allowing a mobile subscriber to refuse:

l outgoing calls which must be set up from the terminal by entering a password,

l incoming calls addressed to the subscriber.

M Type of restriction:

l Incoming calls

all incoming calls

all incoming calls for a mobile subscriber roaming outside the HPLMN (home PLMN)

l Outgoing calls

all outgoing calls

all international outgoing calls

all international outgoing calls except calls to the HPLMN

all outgoing calls from a mobile subscriber roaming outside the HPLMN


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6.15

CH

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersExplicit call transfer (ECT)

AA

BC

OC call2

TC call1

SubscribersB and C

connected

3

ECT

Explicit call transfer (ECT)

M Explicit call transfer allows a mobile subscriber who has activated the service to place an incoming or outgoing call on hold,

then reroute it to another number.

M For charging purpose, one CDR is generated for each outgoing call, and one can be generated for the activation of ECT. Allthese CDR will be process by billing centers to determine the charging rate.


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6.16

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersMultiparty conference call (MPTY)

SSP

C

B

SSPA-B active A-C on hold

A-B-C in conference

Situation before

Situation after

C

B

conference set up

conference set up

A

A

BSS

BSS

Multiparty conference call (MPTY)

M The multiparty call service allows a call to be set up between up to six subscribers.

M The initial situation for the multiparty call is a consultation call, with one party on the line and the other on hold. The service isassigned in the HLR by operator command.

M The multiparty service is limited to six parties, consisting of one conference controler and five remote parties.

M To set up a multiparty conference call, the mobile subscriber must have the MPTY ("multiparty call") and CH ("call hold")services.


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6.17

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersClosed user group (CUG)

CA

BD

GFCUGIC = 033611AB

CUGIC = 03361155

E

Subscriber A:

CUGIC 033611

OCB, OA, IA

Closed user group (CUG)

M The closed user group service restricts communication access to a clearly defined group of subscribers. These subscribers

can be PSTN, ISDN or PLMN subscribers.

M By default, Mobile network CUG subscribers can only:

l Receive calls from mobile subscribers in their own group

l Make calls to mobile subscribers in their own group.

M Extra CUG Rights

l CUG with outgoing access: (OA). This type of right enables the subscriber to make calls to subscribers who aremembers of no CUG and to those CUG members with incoming access capability.

l CUG with incoming access (IA). This right of barring enables the subscriber to receive calls from subscribers who aremembers of no CUG and from those CUG members with outgoing access capability.

M Intra CUG Restrictionl CUG with incoming call barred (ICB) This type of barring limit the ability to receive calls

l CUG with outgoing call barred (OCB) This type of barring limit the ability to make calls


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6.18

6.2 GSM Supplementary Services provided to the subscribersMultiple Long Distance Carrier selection service (MLDC)

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

CARRIER 3

PLMN a

PLMN b

P

S

T

N

Multiple Long distance carrier selection service (MLDC)

M Carriers are the means of interconnection between the different operator networks offering access to fixed or mobile

subscribers.

M The long distance carrier selection service allows a mobile subscriber to select a carrier for his calls.

M To select a carrier, the subscriber dials a carrier selection code (CSC) or has subscribed to a choice of carrier (CARRIER).


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6.3 Operators and network features


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6.20

HPLMN

FPLMN

FPLMN

FPLMN

6.3 Operators and network featuresOperator determined call barring (ODB)

M Incoming calls

M Outgoing calls

M Premium rate outgoingcalls

M Barring of recording of

forwarded-to numbers

Operator determined call barring (ODB)

M This function (called ODB) provides the posibilty for the operator to impose restrictions on subscribers concerning:

M Incoming calls

l all incoming calls

l all incoming calls for a mobile subscriber roaming outside the HPLMN (home PLMN)

l all incoming calls for a mobile subscriber roaming outside the HPLMN worldwide area

M Outgoing calls

l all outgoing calls

l all international outgoing calls

l all international outgoing calls except calls to the HPLMN country

l all outgoing calls from a mobile subscriber roaming outside the HPLMN

lall outgoing inter-worldwide area calls

l all outgoing inter-worldwide area calls except calls to the HPLMN

l all international outgoing calls except calls to the HPLMN and all inter-worldwide area calls

M Premium rate outgoing calls

l ODB information outgoing calls

l ODB entertainment outgoing calls

M Barring of recording of forwarded-to numbers

l all forwarding numbers

l all international forwarding numbers

l all international forwarding numbers except to the HPLMN

l all inter-worldwide area forwarding numbers except calls to the HPLMN

M


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6.21

6.3 Operators and network featuresMobile Number Portability (MNP)

GMSCB

MNP-SRF

HLRB

Subscription Network

NPDB

GMSCA

MNP-SRF

Number RangeOwner Network

NPDB

PORTABILITY CLUSTERPORTABILITY CLUSTER

IAM((RN+)MSISDN)

IAM(MSISDN)

IAM (MSRN)

PSTN

Mobile Number Portability (MNP)

M This function allows a mobile subscriber to change his subscription to another PLMN of the same country, keeping the same

subscriber number (MSISDN).M In this case a new IMSI, belonging to the new PLMN, is assigned to the mobile subscriber.

M The MNP function is based on a data base NPDB (Number Portability Data Base), used to rout the calls (or short messages)to the new subscription network

M The mobile number portability is only related to a set of PLMNs Portability cluster .

M NPDB ACCESS METHODE:

l Intelligent Network (IN) : the NPDB is located on a SCP

l Signalling Relay Function (SRF) : the NPDB is interrogated through a SCCP relay addressed by a MSISDN


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6.22

6.3 Operators and network featuresMobile Number Portability (MNP)

IAM((RN

+)MS

ISDN

)

GMSCB

MNP-SRF

HLRB

Subscription Network

NPDB

GMSCA

MNP-SRF

Number RangeOwner Network

NPDB

GMSC

MNP-SRFNPDB

Other Network

VMSC

PORTABILITY CLUSTERPORTABILITY CLUSTER

DIRECT ROUTINGINDIRECT ROUTING

IAM (MSRN)IAM

(MSIS

DN)

Mobile Number Portability (MNP)

M In this Example, the calling subscriber is a Mobile Station.

l The PLMN can select an indirect Routing, which is the same as previously

l The PLMN can also select a direct routing by interrogation of its NPDB.


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6.23

6.3 Operators and network featuresSupport of Optimal Routing (SOR)

GMSC

PLMN

VMSC

VPLMN

Called party

interrogation

HPLMNCOUNTRY 1

COUNTRY 2

International SCCPGateways

Trombone effect

HLR


VLR

SCCP

SCCPInternational

Transit center

GMSC

SCCP

Support of Optimal Routing (SOR)

M The Support of Optimal Routing function (SOR) is used to optimize the telephone resources involved in a call, by attempting

to eliminate dual seizures of telephone circuits (trombone effect) in originating calls to the international network, or forwardedcalls.


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6.24

6.3 Operators and network featuresSupport of Optimal Routing (SOR)

GMSC

PLMN

VMSC

VPLMN

Called party

interrogation

HPLMNCOUNTRY 1

COUNTRY 2


HLR


VLR

SCCP

SCCPInternational

Transit center

GMSC

SCCP

Support of Optimal Routing (SOR)Principle

M The PLMN where mobile subscriber A is located interrogates the HLR of Bs PLMN to obtain the optimal routing information

and subscriber B is located in the same country as As PLMN or the same country as his home PLMN (Bs)..


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6.4 Network and value-added services

(CAMEL)


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6.26

6.4 Network and value-added services (CAMEL)IN GSM

RCP

SSP

SCP

HPLMN

IN-GSM

IN GSM

M IN GSM is an Alcatel Solution which uses a subset of the messages defined in the CS1 standard.

M Because it is an Alcatel solution, it means that IN services will be accessible only in the HPLMN or in a PLMN with Alcatelsolution. ( This PLMN is called Cooperating PLMN)


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6.27

6.4 Network and value-added services (CAMEL)IN Network

SCP

HPLMN

SSP

INAP-CS1

Speech

FPLMN

SACSAC

IN network

M IN Network is a standard that use IN-CS1 protocol.

M To use IN services, this time the call must be send to the HPLMN, and the SCP will be requested.

This time the FPLMN does not need to be an Alcatel network, but this PLMN must define a SAC ( Service Access Code) thatroute the call up to the HPLMN. Again this PLMN is called Cooperating PLMN

M Again we need to defined a notion of cooperating PLMN


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6.28

6.4 Network and value-added services (CAMEL)CAMEL

SCP

HPLMN

CAP / MAP

FPLMN

HLR

MAP

MAP

CAMEL

M CAMEL is a GSM standard that use CAP ( Camel Application Part) protocol

M Because CAMEL is a standard, this time there is no notion of cooperating PLMN. Each PLMN that support CAMEL will allowa direct connection to the SCP.

M A CAMEL profile will be download by the Foreign MSC where the subscriber is located, and all the information needed for theconnection with the SCP will be known be the Foreign MSC.


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6.29

6.4 Network and value-added services (CAMEL)CAMEL vs IN NETWORK

SCP

SSP

CAMEL

IN-GSM

INAP-CS1INAP-CS1

N7 gateway

HPLMN

N7 gateway

N7 network

Cooperating PLMN Non-cooperating PLMN

Telephone circuits

NUM=SAC+...

O-CSI service

Rseau N7

IN- Network CAP

1

2 3

N7 network

N7 gateway

N7 network

HLRVLR1

VLR3 VLR4

CAMEL vs IN GSM

M When the subscriber is roaming into a foreign PLMN, the access to the SCP can be done using different methods.

In this diagram, you can see the difference between IN network and Camel.

l With IN Network, the access is done using ISUP up to the HPLMN, meaning that speech circuits are engaged up tothe HPLMN. The Signalling INAP CS-1 to the SCP starts in the HLPMN. To transport the signal up to the HLPMN, aService Access Code must be declared in the origin PLMN.

l With CAMEL, the access is done using the signalling CAP, and because CAMEL is a standard of GSM, no particularoperation must be done in the origin PLMN.


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6.30

6.4 Network and value-added services (CAMEL)Mobile network services

M Pre-Paid SIM CARD (PPS)

MMOBILE VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (MVPN)

MMOBILE UNIVERSAL ACCESS NUMBER (MUAN)

Mobile network services

M Pre-paid SIM card (PPS)

l The PPT service allows to associate a prepaid account to a PLMN line. The service subscriber can phone until thelimit of prepaid credit is reached. The service subscriber can consult and fill up his account at any time.

M Mobile Virtual Private Network (MVPN)

l Allows to offer PABXs features to mobile users.

M Mobile Universal Access Number (MUAN)

l The MUAN service enables to place mobile calls with flexible routing and charging facilities. It enables a subscriberpossessing several telephone lines to be called from various national areas by using only one directory number.


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CAP messages

M Initial-DP.

l A message to request instructions from the SCP.

l The parameters are ServiceKey, CallingPartyNumber,

M Request-Report-BCSM-Event.A message to request the RCP to monitor call-related events :

l O_Answer as notification

l O_Disconnect as request.

M Connect.

l A message to request the RCP to perform the call processing actions to route the call to given destination.

l The parameter is DestinationRoutingAddress.

M Event-Report-BCSM.

l A message to notify the SCP of a call-related event (O_Answer), previously requested by the SCP in the Request-Report-BCSM-Event message.

6.31

6.4 Operators and network featuresCAMEL OC CALL

RCP

SSP BSC

PSTN

SCP


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PSTN MS

SETUP

CALL PROCEEDING

RETRIEVE

CREATE, RETRIEVE (CIC)

CREATE

IAM

ACM

ALERTING

EVENT (ACM)

JOIN

ANM

EVENT (ANM)

CONNECT

CONNECT-ACK

SSP RCPSCP

Initial-DP

Request-Report-BCSM-Event

Connect

Event-Report-BCSM


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Objective: To be able to introduce the GSM

services provided to the subscriber, and the

operator and network features, and the value-added

services available in the Alcatel NSS solution.


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6.34

Time allowed :

20 minutes

6 Features presentationExercises

Answer the following list of questions.


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6.35


M Question 1/4

l Services are composed of Tele-services and Bearer services

l Complete the diagram below with the appropriate name from the list:

Tele-services

Bearer services

IWF IWFTransitnetwork,

if any

TE TE

...

...

GSM

PLMN

Terminating

Network


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6.36


M Question 2/4

l Consider the following example

l Only A has the CLIP service. If A calls B, which information is displayed on B

screen?

A number

B number

Nothing

(Select the correct answer)

/ 1 Point


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6.37


M Question 3/4

l Consider the following example

l Only B has the COLP service. If A calls B, which information is displayed on B

screen?

A number

B number

Nothing

(Select the correct answer)


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6.38


M Question 4/4

l In the following list, map the Feature with the correct definition

call barring (CB) allows a mobile subscriber who has activated theservice to pick up or make another call

Operatordetermined callbarring (ODB)

allows subscribers to send and receive messagesof up to 140

Call waiting (CW) is a service allowing a mobile subscriber to refuseoutgoing or incoming calls by entering a password

Call hold (CH) allows a call to be set up between up to sixsubscribers.

Calling lineidentificationpresentation (CLIP)

allows the mobile operator to bar calls

Connected lineidentification

presentation (COLP)

allows a mobile subscriber who has activated theservice to receive a new call when the subscriber

is already talkingMultipartyconference call(MPTY)

allows the subscriber making an outgoing call todisplay the identity of the connected line.

Short messageservice

allows a mobile subscriber to display the numberof the calling subscriber.


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6.39

Thank you for answering

the self-assessmentof the objectives sheet

6 Features presentationEvaluation

M Objective: To be able to introduce the

GSM services provided to the

subscriber, and the operator and

network features, and the value-added

services available in the Alcatel NSSsolution

Documents

6. Feature Presentation