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8 May 2014
Sustainability effects of the Dutch “Programme Beter Utilization”
ECOMM 2014, Innovations for institutional frameworks (1)
Jorrit NijhuisRick LindemanKlaartje ArntzenKees van der Reijden
RWS WVL (Water, Transport & Environment)
Rijkswaterstaat
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Policy background
8 May 2014
• In 2006, mobility policy was based on 3 “pillars”– 2006-2012 large-scale
infrastructure construction
• By 2011:– no (political) consensus on
road pricing– No financial means for new
infrastructure– Utilization main pillar
Rijkswaterstaat
3 8 May 2014
Better Utilization
• Public-private partnership– 12 urban regions– € 1.1 billion (co-)finance– Over 350 measures
• Goal: 20% reduction of travel time loss (by 2014)
Rijkswaterstaat
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Measures
Rush hour avoidance
Employers approach
Cycling
Public transport / P+R
Heavy goods transportITS / TDM
Infrastructure Mobility Management
Rijkswaterstaat
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Monitoring & Evaluation of the Programme
8 May 2014
Minister:
“I value a thorough evaluation of this approach. During the implementation of the measures we will already evaluate the success them. Based on this evaluation we will decide whether or not this approach will get be continued or scaled up”
Rijkswaterstaat
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Monitoring & Evaluation of the Programme
• What is measured?– Process
– Throughput
– Output
– Outcome: what are the effects of the measures?
• Travel times
• Behavioural change
• User satisfaction
• Sustainability effects
8 May 2014
Rijkswaterstaat
7 8 May 2014
Sustainability analysis
• Primary aim of Programma Better Utilization is reduction of travel time loss– Sustainability effects are seen as
“secondary catch” by Ministry
• So, why focus on sustainability effects? – Ministry is searching for win-win
situations– Local governments have ambitions &
goals (climate/air quality) though these are not always known by transport policy employees
Rijkswaterstaat
8 8 May 2014
Assumptions and principles
• Tool with effects based on – Ex ante estimations of number of rush
hour avoidances for mobility management measures
– Increase in capacity for ITS/TDM and infrastructure measures
– Average trip/route length– Behavioural effect (travel alternatives)– Emission factors
• Latent demand not included
Rijkswaterstaat
9 8 May 2014
National results
• On average 1% reduction of emissions (compared with the total traffic-induced emissions).
• Maximum regional contribution is 3%-4%
• All measures combined lead to a reduction of:
– 70.000 ton of CO2/year
– 200 ton of NOx/year– 12 ton of PM10/year
Rijkswaterstaat
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13%
28%
8%13%
17%
10%
11% Spitsmijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
Weginfra
Rush hour avoidance
Employers approach
Cycling
Public transport / P+R
Heavy goods transport
ITS / TDM
Infrastructure
8 May 2014
Results in share per type of measure
8%
17%
5%6%
49%
7%8% Spitsmijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
Weginfra
13%
28%
8%13%
17%
10%
11% Spitsmijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
Weginfra
12%
28%
8%15%
19%
8%
10% Spitsmijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
Weginfra
CO2
NOx
PM10
Rijkswaterstaat
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Cost-effectiveness of measures
• 95% of the costs of the measures is known• Mobility management measures score highly (especially rush hour
avoidance and employers approach) • Heavy goods transport measures score high on NOx
• Costs for new infrastructure are often high which make them score low in terms of cost-effectiveness
• Cycling & public transport projects have relatively low cost-effectiveness, partly due to high costs of cycling/PT infrastructure
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0,00 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06
Sptismijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
WeginfraInfrastructure
8 May 2014
Reduced emissions (tons) per invested million euro, per category of measure
PM10
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2
Sptismijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
Weginfra
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Sptismijden
Werkgeversaanpak
Fiets
OV/Spoor/P+R
Goederen
ITS/DVM
Weginfra
Rush hour avoidance
Employers approach
Cycling
Public transport / P+R
Heavy goods transport
ITS / TDM
Infrastructure
ITS / TDMITS / TDM
Rush hour avoidanceRush hour avoidance
CyclingCycling
Employers approachEmployers approach
Heavy goods transportHeavy goods transport
Infrastructure
Public transport / P+R
Public transport / P+R
NOx
CO2
Rijkswaterstaat
13 8 May 2014
Overall sustainability score per category of measures
• Overall score from 1-5 on cost effectiveness
• Weighing (60% CO2, 20% NOx en 20% PM10)
ITS / TDM
Rush hour avoidance
Cycling
Employers approach
Heavy goods transport
Infrastructure
Public transport / P+R
Average
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Conclusions
8 May 2014
• Mobility management measures score high on sustainability effects when compared to ITS/TDM and road infrastructure
- 55% in No of measures, 80-85% interms of effects• Tool makes sustainability effects (fast and easily) available• Provides insight into relation between Better Utilization and sustainability
- Connection between experts on environment and transport experts
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Brief view into the future
• Programme Better Utilization focused on period 2011-2014
• Currently, follow-up is developed for period 2015-2017– €600 million (co-financed PPP)– Focus even stronger on mobility
management and ITS
• Role of sustainability in Follow-up– Submitted action plans will be assessed on
accessbility effects and cost-effectiveness– Then action plans will be ranked on
sustainability efects
8 May 2014
Rijkswaterstaat
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Questions and Discussion
Proposition 1:
For local government and companies sustainability is more important than accessibility.
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Rijkswaterstaat
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Questions and Discussion
Proposition 2:
Their should be more integration between transport and environment in (local) governance.
8 May 2014
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More information?
• Jorrit Nijhuis, PhD Ministry of Infrastructure & EnvironmentRWS, [email protected] 631011501
• Rick Lindeman ([email protected])• Klaartje Arntzen ([email protected])• Kees van der Reijden ([email protected])
8 May 2014