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WOOD COATINGSA SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO
MODERN COATING TECHNOLOGY
w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
A Sustainable Approach to Modern Coating Technology
Patcham FZC is a well-established manufacturer of specialty additives headquartered in the United Arab Emirates. Since its inception, Patcham has steadily grown into a leading supplier of specialty additives for the Paint & Coatings, Ink, PVC and Composite industries.
The company’s Pat-Add range of coating additives includes wetting & dispersing agents, defoamers, slip & leveling agents, rheology modifiers. Whilst keeping focus on environmental sustainability, the company produces products using green raw materials that are APEO free and have low or no VOC.
These products are multi functional and multi compatible, which simplifies the production process, reduces the chance of errors and minimizes inventory thus improving cost effectiveness.
Patcham has built a strong manufacturing and R&D infrastructure that enables the rapid transition from concept to products. The company has strategically located technical service laboratories, offices and representatives around the world to provide the most efficient customer service. In addition, a well-developed robust supply chain network enables it to deliver its products and services to customers around the globe with minimal lead-time.
Contents
1
3
5
8
9
13
14
Introduction
Wood coat sealer and primer
Waterborne sealer
Solventborne sealer
Wood coat clear
Waterborne clear
Solventborne glossy and matt clear
Pigment concentrates / stain for wood coating
Waterborne stain / pigment concentrate
Solventborne stain / pigment concentrate
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Introduction
The main challenges involved in the development of wood coatings are poor substrate wetting, presence of air bubbles, insufficient leveling and pigment settling. The latter is attributed to primers and sealers with high pigmentations. To achieve flawless finishes, the coating should provide excellent substrate wetting and leveling, low foam, surface slip property, mar resistance, soft feel and surface smoothness.
Patcham offers a line of additives that help customers to address the above challenges and provide best possible solutions. Patcham products allow coating formulators to develop aesthetic as well as durable wood finishes.
Wood coating system
Wood substrate Sanding with emery paper and cleaning of substrate Application of wood stain Application of 2 to 3 coats of wood sealer Sanding with emery paper Apply 2 coats of wood coat glossy/matt clear.
Figure 1: Schematic representation of wood coating system
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Due to the porous nature of wood it has to be properly sealed with sealer or primers. Primers pose challenges for sealing due to incorporation of air bubbles during the grinding stage. Patcham defoamers prevent the formation of micro/macro foam during manufacturing and application of wood coating sealers. Patcham has a line of defoamers for various types of wood sealer applications.
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Woodcoat sealer and primer
Waterborne sealer
Patcham offers a package of additives for waterborne wood coat sealers which includes wetting and dispersing agent, defoamer, coalescing agent and rheology/sag control agent.
Purpose of sealer
To fill the grains in wood
To get uniform coverage
To get uniform color by reducing blotching
Figure 2: Role of sealer in wood coatings
Additive Features
Waterborne wood coat sealer
Pat-Add AF 34
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add Rheol 99/100
Specially designed polysiloxane based defoamer to prevent micro and macro foams with excellent balance, foam control and compatibility
Wetting and dispersing agent for pigments and fillers; enables high filler loading, provides optimum viscosity and long term stability to the sealer.
PU associative thickener provides best rate of viscosity regain with sufficient flow and finish. Avoids viscosity loss on tinting and exhibits good anti-settling properties
0.01 - 0.4Grinding/Letdown
0.5 - 2.0Grinding stage
0.4 - 2.0Grinding/Letdown
Table 1: Patcham additives for waterborne sealer
Dosage on total formulation (%)
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Pat-Add AF 34 is an oil and VOC free defoamer used in waterborne wood, plastic and industrial coatings
Pat-Add DA 603 is a specially designed wetting and dispersing agent for all kinds of pigments, extenders, fillers and sanding aids. It also contributes to less foam genera-tion during wetting and provides stability to the dispersion
Pat-Add Rheol 99/100 is a PU associative rheology modifier with balanced rheology profile maintaining mid and high shear viscosity
Patcham additives have wide compatibility with waterborne 2K PU, PUD, acrylics and other waterborne resin systems.
Woodcoat sealer and primer - Waterborne sealer
Formulation of WB acrylic sanding sealerWeight (%)
Water
HEC
pH Regulator
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add AF 34
Propylene glycol
Biocide
Talc
Zinc stearate dispersion
(50% solution)
Letdown
Acrylic resin
Pat-Add Rheol 99
Coalescing agent
Total
Table 2: Formulation of waterborne acrylic sealer
9.10
0.40
0.30
0.50
0.10
6.50
0.30
5.00
16.00
60.000.30
1.50
100.00
Raw materials
4w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Pat-Add AF 34 is an efficient defoamer for sealer application as shown in Figure 3 by roller application test. This is further supported by the density cup test which also shows that sealer with Pat-Add AF 34 has more density than reference, indicating less foam inclusion in the sealer.
Pat-Add DA 603 provides excellent wetting and dispersion of extenders and sanding aids that gives optimum viscosity and long term stability to the sealer. Pat-Add Rheol 99 further optimises viscosity, anti sagging property and therefore prevents settling of heavy pigments in the system. The flow behavior of the sealer is shown in Figure 5.
Woodcoat sealer and primer - Waterborne sealer
Figure 3: Foam test by roller application
Reference Pat-Add AF 34
1.05
1
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8Blank
Den
sity
g/I
Density test of WB acrylic sealer
Pat-Add AF 34
0.88
1.03
Figure 4: Density test to study the defoaming efficiency of Pat-Add AF 34
Figure 5: Stability of waterborne acrylic sealer with Pat-Add additives
Before incubation After incubation @ 50 C0
5w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
The package of Patcham additives for solventborne wood coating provides effective wetting and dispersion of fillers, extenders and sanding aids; efficient defoaming properties during manufacturing and application; excellent leveling, substrate wetting of wood and excellent stability for the sealer.
The package has good compatibility with PU, Acrylic, Polyester melamine, acid catalyst and other solventborne resin systems.
Pat-Add AF 62 is an efficient deairing and defoaming agent for solventborne coatings and suitable for various types of applications like brushing, spraying, airless spraying, roller and curtain coating
Pat-Add DA 1801 is an effective wetting and dispersing agent for zinc stearate, extenders and fillers which effectively reduces the viscosity and enhances the stability of dispersion. It also provides wetting of wood substrates and releases the air trapped in the pores
Pat-Add LE 1020 aids flow, leveling, slip and mar resistance for wood coatings. It also supports the wetting of wood substrate and enhances the orientation of fillers and matting agents
Woodcoat sealer and primer - Solventborne sealer
Table 3: Patcham additives for solventborne sealer
Additive Features
Solventborne wood coat sealer
Pat-Add AF 62
Pat-Add DA 1801
Pat-Add LE 1020
Silicone free, polymeric defoamer for both clear and pigmented systems. Suitable for all kinds of SB resin systems
Effective wetting and dispersing agent for sanding aids, matting agents, extenders and pigments.
Polyether modified polysiloxane surface modifier improves substrate wetting and matting agent orientations
0.05 - 0.4Grinding/Letdown
0.2 - 1.5Grinding stage
0.05 - 1.0Grinding/Letdown
Dosage on total formulation (%)
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Raw materials Weight (%)
Woodcoat sealer and primer - Solventborne sealer
2K PU sealer for wood coating
Part A
Acrylic polyol (50%)
Pat-Add DA 1801
Zinc stearate
Butyl acetate
Pat-Add LE 1020
Pat-Add AF 62
Xylene
Butyl acetate
Total
Part BAliphatic polyisocyanate
Mixing ratio (w/w)
70.00
0.30
6.00
10.00
0.10
0.30
7.40
5.80
100.00
6.00
100:6
Table 4: Formulation of solventborne 2K PU sealer
Figure 6: Effectiveness of Pat-Add additive package in 2K PU sealer
Reference Pat-Add additives
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The clear coats for wood should provide proper leveling, smooth surface, slip property, scratch, chemical and UV resistance. Patcham offers a package of additives to achieve exceptional properties for clear coats that includes wetting and dispersing agent (if dispersion of pigments are required), defoamers and leveling agents. These additives are compatible with PU, Epoxy, Polyester-melamine, TPA and acid catalyzed systems to provide superior performance.
Waterborne additive package for wood coat clear
The package of Pat-Add additives for waterborne wood coating include leveling agents, defoamer and rheology modifier.
Pat-Add LE’s additives provide excellent flow, leveling, perfect DOI, gloss and substrate wetting
Pat-Add AF 32 eliminates foams during processing and application
Pat-Add Rheol 99/100 improves flow and anti sag properties of the paint systems
Additive Features
Wood coat clear - Waterborne clear
Table 5: Patcham additives for waterborne wood coating
Waterborne wood coat clear
Pat-Add LE 1030
Pat-Add LE 1040
Pat-Add Rheol 99/100
Pat-Add AF 31
Pat-Add AF 32
Polyether modified polysiloxane enhances flow and leveling, substrate wetting and supports air release from the system
Provides flow, leveling, slip and mar resistance. Contributes to orientation of matting agents and metallic pigments
PU associative thickener. Provides balanced flow and sag properties. Avoids viscosity loss on tinting and exhibits good anti-settling properties
Oil free, easily dispersible defoamer for clear and low pigmented WB resin systems with no adverse effects
Specially designed polysiloxane, oil and VOC free defoamer for versatile applications compatibile with all WB resin systems
0.05 - 0.4Letdown stage
0.05 - 1.0Letdown stage
0.4 - 2.0Letdown stage
0.01 - 0.4Letdown stage
0.01 - 0.4Letdown stage
Dosage on total formulation (%)
8w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
The clear coats for wood should provide proper leveling, smooth surface, slip property, scratch, chemical and UV resistance. Patcham offers a package of additives to achieve exceptional properties for clear coats that includes wetting and dispersing agent (if dispersion of pigments are required), defoamers and leveling agents. These additives are compatible with PU, Epoxy, Polyester-melamine, TPA and acid catalyzed systems to provide superior performance.
Waterborne additive package for wood coat clear
The package of Pat-Add additives for waterborne wood coating include leveling agents, defoamer and rheology modifier.
Wood coat clear - Waterborne clear
Waterborne 1K PU clear
Polyurethane dispersion
Polyacrylate dispersion
Dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPM)
Butyl diglycol (BDG)
Pat-Add Rheol 99
Pat-Add LE 1030
Pat-Add AF 31
Water
Total
Waterborne 2K PU clear
26.00
66.00
2.50
2.50
0.50
0.30
0.10
2.10
100.00
Figure 8: Illustrating the DOI and gloss of 2K WB PU clear
Table 6: Formulation of waterborne 1K PU clear
Table 7: Formulation of waterborne 2K PU clearcoatFigure 7: Wetting of substrate
with Pat-Add LE 1030
Part A
Hydroxy polyacrylic dispersion
Pat-Add AF 32
Pat-Add LE 1030
Pat-Add Rheol 99
Water
Part B
Aliphatic polyisocyanate
MPA
Total
60.00
0.06
0.10
0.25
21.54
12.50
5.55
100.00
Weight (%)Raw materials
Weight (%)Raw materials
9w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Pat-Add DA 1801 is used for the dispersion of pigments and matting agents to have a uniform film. It promotes the orientation of matting agents and stabilizes the pigments
Pat-Add AF 62 defoamer provides optimal balance between defoaming efficiency and compatibility with the coating
Pat-Add Leveling agents are multifuctional additives and they contribute as follows:
Additive Features
Solventborne wood coat glossy and matt clear
Pat-Add DA 1801
Pat-Add AF 62
Pat-Add LE 1020
Pat-Add LE 1477
Pat-Add FL 7
Pat-Add SL 1120
Wetting and dispersing agent for matting agents and other pigments. Provides stabilization to the pigments
Silicone free defoamer for both glossy and matt systems. Suitable for all kinds of SB resin systems
Polyether modified polysiloxane surface modifier improves substrate wetting and matting agent orientations
Fluoro based leveling agent for efficient surface tension reduction with no adverse effects. Suitable for water repellent coatings
Polyacrylate surface modifier for excellent flow and leveling and no influence on recoatability and intercoat adhesion. Suitable for all SB systems.
Provides slip, mar resistance and contributes to perfect leveling
0.2 - 1.5Grinding stage
0.5 - 0.4Grinding/Letdown
0.05 - 1.0Letdown stage
0.05 - 1.0Letdown stage
0.4 - 2.0Letdown stage
0.05 - 1.0 Letdown stage
Wood coat clear - Solventborne glossy and matt clear
Excellent leveling and substrate wetting
Slip and mar resistance properties
Offer better orientation of matting agents
Provides soft feel effect
Contributes to air releasing properties
Lower the coefficient of friction
Gives exceptional DOI
No adverse effect on dry film
Table 8: Patcham additive for solventborne wood clear
Dosage on total formulation (%)
2K PU wood coat glossy clear
10w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
The formulation based on Patcham additives in 2K PU clear are shown below in Tables 9 and 10.
Water beading test for 2K PU clear clearly shows that Pat-Add LE 1477 surface modifier based clear coat repels water droplet better than the reference. This is evident by looking at the shape of the droplet on the surface. Lower coefficient of friction value shows that Pat-Add LE 1477 has better slip properties than the reference.
Wood coat clear - Solventborne glossy and matt clear
2K PU wood coat matt clear
Part A
Acrylic polyol (60%)
CAB solution (20%)
Pat-Add DA 1801
Pat-Add LE 1477 / LE 1020
Pat-Add AF 62
PU solvent
Matting agent
PU solvent
Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate solvent
Total
Part B
Aliphatic polyisocyanate
75.00
1.00
0.20
0.20
0.50
7.00
4.00
5.35
6.95
100.00
18.00
Weight (%)
Table 10: Formulation of 2K PU matt clearTable 9: Formulation of 2K PU glossy clear
Figure 9: Water beading test on wood coat 2K PU clear
Raw materialsWeight (%)Raw materials
Part A
Acrylic polyol (60%)
CAB solution (20%)
Pat-Add LE 1477 / LE 1020
Pat-Add AF 62
PU solvent
Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate solvent
Total
Part B
Aliphatic polyisocyanate
75.00
1.00
0.20
0.50
16.35
6.95
100.00
18.00
11w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Guideline formulation of acid catalyzed wood clear with Pat-Add additives are shown inTables 11 and 12.
0.39
0.38
0.37
0.36
0.35
0.34
0.33
0.32
0.31
0.3
Pat-Add LE
CO
F
Coefficient of friction
Reference
0.33
0.38
Weight (%) Weight (%)
Wood coat clear - Solventborne glossy and matt clear
Figure 10: Coefficient of friction for 2K PU clear
Table 11: Formulation of acid catalyzed wood coat glossy clear
Table 12: Formulation of acid catalyzed wood coat matt clear
Acid catalyzed wood coat glossy clear Acid catalyzed wood coat matt clear
Part AShort oil alkyd
Urea formaldehydeMelamine formaldehyde
Xylene
Pat-Add LE 1477 / LE 1020
Pat-Add AF 62Toluene
n-butyl alcohol
Solvesso 100
Total
Part B
PTSA (40% solution in butanol)
33.00
26.00
2.20
14.70
0.20
0.20
8.00
5.50
10.20
100.00
4.00
Part A
Short oil alkyd
Urea formaldehyde
Melamine formaldehyde
Xylene
Pat-Add DA 1801
Pat-Add LE 1477 / LE 1020
Pat-Add AF 62
Matting agent
Solvesso 100
n-butyl alcohol
Toluene
Xylene
Total
Part B
PTSA (40% solution in butanol)
33.00
26.00
2.20
8.70
0.20
0.20
0.20
4.00
10.20
5.00
8.00
2.30
100.00
4.00
Raw materials Raw materials
12w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
The air releasing property of Pat-Add LE 1020 and LE 1477 are illustrated in Figure 11. Pat-Add LE 1477 shows stronger efficiency in air releasing properties than the reference.
Pat-Add LE 1020 also supports the orientation of matting agents in the wood coating systems and the panels are shown below.
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Pat-Add LE 1020
Pat-Add LE 1477
Tim
e (m
in)
Defoaming time
Reference
5
7
3
Wood coat clear - Solventborne glossy and matt clear
Figure 11: Defoaming property of leveling agents in acid catalyzed glossy clear
Figure 12: Representing orientation of matting agents in acid catalyzed system
13w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Stain creates a rich, deep color that highlights the natural wood grain and enhances the aesthetics of a wood coating. Highly loaded pigment concentrates and stains can be used to provide desired color for wood coating.
Waterborne stain and pigment concentrates for wood coating
Pat-Add DA 603 is a robust dispersing and wetting additive for various types of pigments. The additive enables high pigment loading and stabilizes the pigment dispersion whilst being compatible with all types of WB resins.
System Additive Features Dosage (%)
Pigment concentrates/stain for wood coating
Versatile wetting and dispersing agent suitable for pigment concentrates of organic, inorganic, black pigments and compatible with all WB resins.WB Pigment
concentrates/stain for wood coating
Pat-Add DA 603
Pat-Add AF 34
White pigment : 1-5 Carbon black : 30 - 200Inorganic pigments : 10-20 Organic pigments : 30-70On SOP (Grinding stage)
Specially designed polysiloxane based defoamer prevents micro and macro foams with the excellent balance foam control and compatibility with WB resins
Table 13: Patcham additive for waterborne colorants
Rubine red PR 254 DPP orange PO 73 Yellow PY 110
Figure 13: Flow behavior of waterborne colorant for wood coating
Figure 14: DOI and gloss of wood panel coated with 2K PU clear with Pat-Add DA 603 based colorant
Waterborne wood stain
Raw materials Weight (%)
Styrene acrylic emulsion
Water
pH regulator
Pat-Add DA 603
Transparent red iron oxide
Fumed silica
Pat-Add AF 34
Total
Table 14: Formulation of waterborne wood stain
60.00
33.25
1.00
0.40
5.00
0.30
0.05
100.00
0.05 - 0.4Grinding/LetdownOn total formulation
14w w w . p a t c h a m l t d . c o m
Additive Features Dosage on SOP (%)
White pigment : 1-5 Carbon black : 30 - 120Inorganic pigments : 10-20Organic pigments : 30-70Grinding stage
Pigment concentrates/stain for wood coating
Solventborne wood stain and pigment concentrates
SB pigment concentrates/stain for wood coating
Pat-Add DA 932
High Molar Volume technology polymeric dispersing agent for all kind of carbon blacks, organic and inorganic pigments. Enables high loading of pigment concentrates and supports stabilization of pigments
Table 15: Patcham additive for solventborne colorants
Table 16: Formulation of solventborne resin free pigment concentrate
Figure 15: Flow behavior of resin free pigment concentrates
Figure 16: Wood panel coated with stain and 2K PU clear shows excellent gloss and DOI
Solventborne resin free pigment concentratesRaw materials
TiO PY 74 PR 170 PR 101 PB 15:3 2
Mill base
Pat-Add DA 932
Pigment
Xylene : MPA (1:1)
Letdown
Xylene : MPA (1:1)
Total
22.00
60.00
16.00
2.00
100.00
9.00
26.00
50.00
15.00
100.00
21.27
20.00
20.00
38.73
100.00
15.00
40.00
25.00
20.00
100.00
36.50
20.00
20.00
23.50
100.00
38.20
18.00
41.00
2.80
100.00
SB resin free pigment concentratesfor wood coating
Carbon black
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Notes
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Notes
www.patchamltd.com
PATCHAM (FZC)
P.O. Box: 7753,Saif Zone, Sharjah, UAETel: +971-6-5570035Fax: +971-6-5570038Email: [email protected]
PATCHAM INDIA
B-52, Pravasi Industrial EstateVishweshwar Nagar, Off Aarey RoadGoregoan (E), Mumbai - 400 063 (India)Tel: +91-22-29272471Email: [email protected]
PATCHAM EUROPE BV
Klavermaten 65-1 7472 DD GoorNetherlandsEmail: [email protected]
PATCHAM USA LLC
700 Plaza Drive - Suite 216Secaucus, New Jersey 07094Tel: (201) 293-4282Fax: (201) 820-0818Email: [email protected]
The information given in this booklet is intended for technical guidance without obligation. Ver. 1.0